初中英语基础知识_第8页

　　(3)物主代词的基本用法

　　1形容词性物主代词和形容词有相似之处，用来修饰名词，不可以单独使用。These are their books. Her name is Cheng Jie.

　　2名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，后面不必再加名词。

　　This is my pen .That is yours/your pen.

　　4. 疑问代词

　　(1)疑问代词基本用法

　　疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，常被用来构成疑问句，置于句首。

　　Whose book is this ? What are you reading now?

　　(2)常见的疑问代词有：what,which,who,whom,whose等。指人的是who,whom,whose;指物的是：what;既可指人又可指物的是which。

　　Which do you like better , tea or milk?

　　What’s your father?

　　Whose books are these on the desk?

　　5. 指示代词

　　this,these ,指较近的事物;that, those指较远的事物。

　　6.反身代词

　　(1)反身代词的构成：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves herself, himself,

　　itself, themselves, oneself

　　(2)反身代词的用法

　　反身代词可以作宾语、表语、同位语等。

　　We enjoyed ourselves very much.

　　I bought a new coat for myself.

　　He himself did it .

　　7.不定代词

　　(1)常见的不定代词有：all, each,both,either,neither,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,

　　no one,everyone,something,anything,everything,none.

　　(2) 常见的不定代词区别

　　1both,either,neither

　　both表示“两者都”，either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，neither 表示“两者都不”。

　　Both of us are right. Either you two is OK. Neither of us is right.

　　提示：

　　1.both +名词复数= either +名词单数

　　There are many trees on both sides of the street.

　　= There are many trees on either side of the street

　　2.both…and… 作主语时谓语动词用复数，either…or… 和 neither…nor…作主语时谓语动词的单复数与邻近的主语保持一致。

　　Both Tom and Jenny are from America.

　　Either Tom or I am right.=Either I or Tom is right.

　　Neither Tom nor I am right.=Neither I nor Tom is right.

　　2few, a few, 与little ，a little

　　few和a few 修饰可数名词的复数，谓语动词都用复数，little 和a little 修饰不可数名词，谓语动词都用单数。a few ,a little 是肯定的含义，意为“一些”; few,little是否定的含义，意为“几乎没有”。

　　A few students go to the park. Few students go to the park.

　　He has a little hair. He has little hair.

　　3each 和every

　　each 和every都意为“每一个”，后面的谓语动词都要用单数。但each比every更强调个体。Each具有形容词和代词两个词性，可以作句子主语;every只能作形容词，不作主语。

　　Each (man)has his life. Every singer has his successful song.

　　4other,another,the other,others,与the others

　　other表示“其他的，另外的”，后面跟名词或代词;“another+单数名词”意为“又一个，另外一个”，泛指。无限定范围;the other表示“另外一个”，指两者中的另外一个;others表示“其他人”，泛指复数含义，无限定范围，后面不能跟名词;the others表示“其他人”，特指的复数，指在一定范围内去除一部分后剩下的另一部分。

　　I have two flowers.One is red, the other one is white.

　　Tom is taller than the others in his class.

　　Would you like another cup of tea?

　　There are many people in the park, some are talking,some are flying kites and others are reading.

　　例题引导

　　一、用other,the other,others,与the others 填空

　　1. He has two daughters.One is a nurse,________is a worker.

　　2. Some people like walking. Some like running.________like swimming.

　　3.Two boys will go to the zoo,and _______will stay at home.

　　4. Do you have any _______qustions?

　　二、单项选择

　　1.---________school is much larger than ________?

　　----Really?

　　AOur; your B. Our; yours C. Ours ; yours D. We; you

　　2. ________are all in Class6.

　　A.You,I and he B. He, you and I C.I ,you and he . D.You ,he and I

　　3.The buildings in Dalian are similar(相似的) to ______in Tokyo.