2016年12月英语四级考试全真模考练习试卷九_第4页

　　Passage Four?

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:?

　　For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work,all?night cable TV and the Internet, Earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms.Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle.Simply put,our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.(Contrary to popular belief,humans don’t need less sleep as they age.)?

　　But on average,Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night,a marked drop from the nine hours day averaged in 1910.what’s worse,nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that’s not nearly enough.?

　　Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are generic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James. F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed at other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. “Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep,” Jones says.?

　　Sleep experts say that most people cet6w.com a good look at their sleep patterns, “My motto (座右铭) is ‘sleep defensively’,” says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines-like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day-are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elsneer, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle change-avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep. ?

　　36.What is TRUE of human sleep??

　　A) Most people need less sleep when grow older.?

　　B) Most people need seven and a half hours of sleep every night.?

　　C) On average, people in the U. S. today sleep less per night than they used to.?

　　D) For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.?

　　37.For our bodies to function properly, we should____.?

　　A) sleep for at least eight hours per night?

　　B) believe that we need less sleep as we age?

　　C) adjust our activities to the new inventions?

　　D) be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks?

　　38.According to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by ____.?

　　A) other diseases?

　　B) pre-bedtime exercises?

　　C) improper sleep patterns?

　　D) Chronic fatigue syndrome?

　　39.Which of the following measures can help you sleep better??

　　A) Staying up late.?

　　B) Taking a hot bath.?

　　C) Having late meals.?

　　D) Traveling between time zones.?

　　40.“Sleep defensively” means that ____.?

　　A) people should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosed?

　　B) people should exercise immediately before going to bed every night?

　　C) people should sacrifice other things to get enough sleep if necessary.?

　　D) People should give up going to bed and going up at the same every day.

　　Passage Four?

　　内容概要:?本文讲的是睡眠问题。琼斯医生说，睡眠紊乱经常被诊断为其他毛病。睡眠有规律是很重要的。与睡前的活动也有关系。晚饭不要吃得太晚， 睡前避免过长时间的运动，洗个热水澡，都会使人睡得香一点。?

　　36. 【答案】C。?

　　【译文】平均而言，美国人的睡眠时间比过去少。?

　　【试题分析】事实细节题。?

　　【详细解答】答本题应仔细阅读头上两段。第2段说，美国人现在平均每天只睡7个半小时，比1910年平均睡9个小时要少得多。而且，有将近三分之一的美国人在工作完后只剩6个小时还不到的睡眠时间。对大多数人而言，这是不够的。故只有C是正确选项。?

　　37. 【答案】A。?

　　【译文】为了保证身体正常工作，我们应该至少有8个小时的睡眠时间。?

　　【试题分析】事实细节题。?

　　【详细解答】[JP+3]本题测试考生对第1段最后第2句话的理解。该句说，大多数男人和女人每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠时间才能保证他们的正常工作。因此A是正确答案。?

　　38. 【答案】C。?

　　【译文】作者认为，睡眠紊乱是由于不合理的睡眠方式引起的。?

　　【试题分析】事实细节题。?

　　【详细解答】第3段第3句说，“许多睡眠问题是由晚睡晚起、经常作跨时区旅行及上夜班引起的”。在这里只提到了“晚睡晚起”，即C所指的improper sleep patterns，而没有提到其他疾病、睡前锻炼和慢性疲劳综合症，因此惟有C是正确选项。?

　　39. 【答案】B。?

　　【译文】睡眠之前洗个热水澡可以帮助你睡的香一些。?

　　【试题分析】事实细节题。?

　　【详细解答】本题问的是下面的措施中哪一个可以帮助你睡得香一些。文章最后一句说，改变一下生活方式可以帮助你睡得香一些，句中列举的几项措施包括晚饭不要吃得太

　　晚或洗个热水澡等。故B“洗个热水澡”是正确选项。?

　　40. 【答案】C。?

　　【译文】为了得到足够的睡眠，有必要牺牲其他事情。?

　　【试题分析】词语理解题。?

　　【详细解答】本题考对短语“sleep defensively”的意思理解，这要从上下文去理解。下面一句话说，人们须挤出足够的睡眠时间，哪怕这意味着放弃其他的事情。这就解释了该短语的意义。因此选项C“如果必要人们应牺牲其他事情来得到足够的睡眠”是正确答案。