2018上半年大学英语四级考前预测卷_第4页

　　答案解析

　　Part I Writing

　　标准版

　　Doing Shopping Online

　　With the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing. Just click your mouse to choose the articles you like, and the purchase is done. You don't even have to step out of the room. It seems all easy and quick.

　　However, people's opinions vary on this trend. Some believe that on line shopping is time and money saving. With plentiful selection options, they can buy whatever they like at any time convenient. Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone is annoying enough, not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their accounts.

　　In my opinion, the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all doubts. In the meantime, we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist, so we'd better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying. In addition, we should also guard ourselves from the potential hackers who might steal our account information.

　　文章点评：

　　这是一篇“中等偏上”的学生作文。 本文先对网购热潮进行简介，引出全篇;接着对网络购物的正反两方面进行对比;最后提出自己的看法结束全篇。整体看思路清晰，逻辑严密，行文流畅，用语较为地道。

　　下面说一下这篇文章的有待提高之处：

　　1. 文章结构上，能看得出该同学试图采用议论文的“三段式”(提出问题、分析问题、解决问题)。 但是，以“With the development of the Internet”为开首语，有些落入俗套，有硬套模板的嫌疑。稍加注意，应该能写出更好的句子。

　　2. 微观语言点方面，有些语句稍显啰嗦，比如With plentiful selection options… 简化成With plentiful selections… 更好，意思没有丝毫减损，表达力反而增强许多。

　　高分版

　　With the help of the ever rapid development of internet technology, online shopping is coming into fashion in most of cities.

　　Online shopping is welcomed by most people due to various reasons. From the perspective of consumer, it can save some time for people who don't have much spare time. Just click the mouse, they can get whatever they want while staying at home. For the retailers, it can cut some costs for those who don't have much circulating funds. They don't have to rent a house and spend money on employees compared with the traditional trade mode. However, there are still some defects in online shopping. First, lace of face to face deal makes online shopping less reliable and trustworthy. Second, people will lose the fun of bargain.

　　It is undeniable that shopping on the internet has become an irresistible trend in modern society. It's of great urgency that we need to regulate the relative laws accordance with the rapid growth of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern of being treated.

　　点评：

　　本次四级作文探讨的是最近的热点话题之一——互联网网购。目前网购的风靡程度是众所周知，因此，考生对于该话题还是比较熟悉的。但是，比较特殊的是，题干所列出的要求的是考生从一个客观的角度来阐述该话题，而不是简单陈述自己的意见。所以，考生应当审清楚题，在写作时不仅仅要列出网购的优点，还必须给出相应的缺点。

　　按照四级作文的要求，考生在第一段时应该总述现象并引出话题;

　　第二段考生应当从正反两方面来论述网购，分别铺陈其优缺点;关于优点，网购的优点很多，考生可择其最突出显著的方面来阐述，比如说网购可以节省很多时间;网购可以节省很多成本开支等;其次，缺点方面考生可以把重心放在诚信方面;为了不至于跟优点相比，缺点方面太轻，考生可以考虑稍微提一下其他缺点，比如说与传统购物相比，网购少去了很多砍价的乐趣;

　　第三点要求考生对于第二段列出的缺点给出自己的建议。此处我们可以根据第二段列出的缺点方面给出相应的防范应对措施。

　　整篇作文话题比较好展开，难度不大，只要考生审好题，列出相应点，相信作文不会他是难题。

　　外教版

　　Online shopping has been a boon to many industries and companies looking to expand their markets. Also, it's convenient for shoppers who are too busy to leave the house. However, in some cases nothing can replace a true face to face shopping experience.

　　Internet shopping is convenient for the mothers who spend all day doing house chores and for the fathers who work a full-time job. On the other hand, there are limits to shopping online, for example: guessing the correct size of clothing on a computer screen can be very frustrating.

　　For the busy mother and father, online shopping is a very useful and convenient tool. But, there are instances, like clothes shopping, where nothing beats the real thing.

　　点评：

　　作者在第一段描述了网购作为一种时尚给大家的生活带来了便利，然后话锋一转，说网购仍然取代不了面对面的购物交流。

　　第二段主要还是从正反两方面分析了网购的优势和不足，以此描述大家对网购的不同反应。

　　第三段作者表明了自己的观点，对网购的便利和不足之处都做了描述。

　　综合来讲，本篇文章观点明确，结构清晰，语言表达地道，有不少闪光词汇，但是，内容深度上来讲还有些欠缺，另外，最后一部分表达个人观点，和第二段稍有重复。考生需要注意观点的清晰，不宜模棱两可。

　　Part III Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　11.

　　M: Shawn's been trying for months to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.

　　W: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself every other day at least and put on something clean.

　　Q: What do we learn about Shawn?

　　答案：A. He is careless about his appearance.

　　解析： 男生 首先对肖恩能否找到工作表示怀疑，因为他邋遢。 女生 接着提到肖恩不修边幅，又说他应该每隔一天刮一次胡子，把自己弄得整洁干净一点。由此可知，肖恩是一个对仪容仪表不太注重，比较粗线条的人shave，刮胡子;be careless about不在乎，不介意;

　　12.

　　W: I wish Jane would call when she know she'll be late. This is not the first time we've had to wait for her.

　　M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.

　　Q: What does the man imply?

　　答案：A. Jane maybe caught in a traffic jam.

　　解析：本题是推理题，在做题时要注意仔细推敲。女生说：“Jane已经不是第一次迟到让我们等了，我希望她能事先打电话告诉我们一下”，可见女生对Jane迟到的作法是不满的。

　　男生又说：“I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.”(我同意。但是她到这里的确要遭受很拥堵的交通。)由此得出，男生对此事的态度是理解或宽容的。Jane可能被堵在半路了。

　　13.

　　M: Congratulations! I heard your baseball team is going to the Middle Atlantic Championship.

　　W: Yeah, we're all working real hard right now!

　　Q: What is the woman's team doing?

　　答案：A. Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championship.

　　解析：对话开头男生提到女生所在的棒球队要参加Mid-Atlantic Championship.女生说：“we're all working real hard right now!”(我们现在正紧锣密鼓地练习呢!)由此可知，女生所在的棒球队正在进行赛前训练。

　　此题还有一个迷惑选项B, Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip,必须注意的是：这里并不是准备旅行，而是准备参赛。

　　14.

　　W: John's been looking after his mother in the hospital. She was injured in a car accident two weeks ago and still in critical condition.

　　M: Oh, that's terrible. And you know his father passed away last year.

　　Q: What do we learn about John?

　　答案：D. He has been having a hard time.

　　解析：根据听力原文可知，“John's mother is in the hospital and his father died last year.”(约翰的母亲出车祸住院了，父亲两年前也过世了)由此可见，John的近况还是蛮悲惨的;答案也就显而易见了。

　　15.

　　M: What a boring speaker! I can hardly stay awake.

　　W: Well, I don't know. In fact, I think it's been a long time since I've heard anyone is good.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　答案：D The woman thinks highly of the speaker

　　解析：根据听力原文可知，男生觉得演讲无趣，女生却很淡定地说：“其实我已经很久没有听到那么好的发言了”。由此可见，女生对发言还是很肯定的。选项D中“thinks highly of”即“对…评价高”，故D是正确答案。

　　16.

　　W: I'm having a lot of trouble with logic and it seems my professor can't explain it in a way that makes sense to me.

　　M: You know, there is a tutoring service on campus. I was about to drop statistics before they helped me out.

　　Q: What does the man mean?

　　答案：C. The woman should seek help from tutoring services.

　　解析：首先女生说她逻辑学得很辛苦，接受不了老师的讲课方式也理解不了课程内容。

　　而后男生说学校有辅导班，他在参加之前几乎要挂科了，辅导班帮了他大忙。言下之意是推荐女生也去上辅导班。

　　17.

　　M: This is a stylish overcoat. I saw you wearing it last week, did't I?

　　W: Oh, that wasn't me. That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.

　　Q: What does the woman mean?

　　答案：C. Jill wore the overcoat last week.

　　解析：首先男生问女生上周是否穿过拉风外套，然后女生说：“ That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.”(那是我姐姐Jill，她和你同班)也就是说男生很有可能看到的那个穿着拉风外套的人是女生的姐姐Jill。

　　18.

　　M: Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do?

　　W: Well, I guess I'd sell my watch or computer or do some odd jobs till I could afford a return plane ticket.

　　Q: What are the speakers talking about?

　　答案：B. An imaginary situation.

　　解析：根据原文录音可知，对话开头男生讲到：“Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do? ”这里的"suppose"表明“假定、料想”由此可见，两人谈论的是一个虚拟场景。

　　Conversation One

　　听力原文

　　M: Hello, professor Johnson.

　　W: Hello, Tony. So what shall we work on today?

　　M: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn't coming out right. What I thought I was writing on was to talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in,

　　W: What sport did you choose?

　　M: I decided to write about cross-country skiing.

　　W: What are you going to say about skiing?

　　M: That's the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country.

　　W: So why is that a problem?

　　M: As I start describing how quiet it is to be out in the woods. I keep mentioning how much effort it takes to keep going. Cross-country skiing isn't as easy as some people think. It takes a lot of energy, but that's not part of my paper. So I guess I should leave it out. But now I don't know how to explain that feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. It all fits together. It's not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds roll by. That's different.

　　W: Then you'll have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross-country skiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out? Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right?

　　M: Yeah, I guess so.

　　Q19: What is the topic of the man's writing assignment?

　　C) Pain and pleasure in sports

　　Q20: What problem does the man have while working on his paper?

　　D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

　　Q21: What does the woman say is common in writing papers?

　　A) New ideas come up as you write.

　　19. D) A sport he participates in

　　解析：题目问的是，男生论文的主题是什么，从talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in一句中，可得对应选项D。C选项是一个干扰项，pain and pleasure in sports, 意为运动中的痛苦与快乐，其中sports一词范围太大，对话中只谈到了cross-country skiing, 因此，C选项错。

　　20. D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

　　解析：当男生打算将越野滑雪的艰辛剔除出论文时，教授说了一句“Then you'll have to include that in your point.”对应选项D

　　21. A) New ideas come up as you write.

　　解析：在对话的最后，教授提到“Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right?”这句话意思是说，在写论文之前，论点的一部分我们已经有了，但另一部分在写的过程中才会发现，因此，对应选项A。A选项与D选项较易混淆，但从教授的话中，我们可以看出，不是论点发生变化，而是在写作过程中，会有新的想法产生。

　　这篇长对话因为是围绕论文写作展开，而且涉及了一项我们中国人并不熟悉的运动，越野滑雪，因此，乍听之下，有些小抽象，小陌生。但细听之后，我们会发现，文中有一大段都提到了男生在写作中遇到的纠结处，那就是越野滑雪的畅快和由此所付出的艰辛，文章的主旨自然呼之欲出了。

　　这篇对话主要考察对文章大意的理解，而不是纠结于一词一句的得失，因此，大家在做题时，也要注意把握主干，不要因为听到了一个自己不太熟悉的运动就舍本逐末。

　　Conversation Two

　　W: Good evening and welcome to this week's Business World.

　　It program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.Tell us Mr. Angeleno, how did you get started?

　　M: Well I started off with a small diner. I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. It was really too much work for two people. My cooking is great. And word got around town about the food. Within a year, I had to hire another cook and four waitresses. When that restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. Now with three places my main concern is keeping the business successful and running smoothly.

　　W: Do you advertise?

　　M: Oh yes. I don't have any TV commercials, because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. My children used to distribute ads. in nearby shopping centres, but we don't need to do that anymore.

　　W: Why do you believe you've been so successful?

　　M: Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back.

　　W: So you always aim to please the customers?

　　M: Absolutely!Without them I would have no business at all.

　　W: Thank you Mr.Angeleno.I think your advice will be helpfull to those just staring out in business.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　22 What is the woman's occupation

　　D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

　　23 what do we learn about Mr.Angeleno's business at its beginning

　　B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.

　　24 what does Mr. Angeleno say about advertising his business.

　　B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

　　25 What does the man say contribute to his success?

　　B) The restaurant atmosphere

　　22. D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

　　解析：从对话中可以听出，这是一个访谈节目，因此这个女性是节目主持人。

　　23. B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.

　　解析：题目问的是，刚开始的时候，Angeleno的生意怎么样?对话中提到，I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. Angeleno负责做菜，他妻子负责接待，对应选项B。

　　24. B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

　　解析：从But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. 一句中，可以得到对应选项。

　　25. B) The restaurant atomsphere

　　解析：题目问的是，什么有助于餐厅的成功?对话中提到，I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back. 可见，Angeleno会提供尽可能新鲜的食物和舒适的用餐环境以吸引顾客，因此，对应选项B，也许，有童鞋会问，为什么不选C?注意，C选项是指各种各样的食物，与文意中“新鲜的食物”不符，是错误选项。

　　这篇对话是一篇较为简单的访谈节目，主要涉及一些细节问题，其中，关键细节包括餐馆经营情况，广告宣传情况等，也是考点所在。童鞋们在听时，可以相应地做些简单的笔记，从而准确地选出选项。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes.

　　We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.

　　Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibres that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible.

　　篇章类型及提要：论证文

　　听力点睛：

　　本文主要介绍关于纠正一些对眼镜及视力的常识的错误认识。注意文章首句"There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts." 通常这种文章首句就是主旨句。这是做听力短文题必须要高度关注的。接下去可以推测下面内容必然围绕主题句展开，通过举例等来论证作者要表明的观点。所以听的时候也要高度专注那些关键词句，如for instance, however, but, evidence, although, Studies show that...这些关键词句后面的内容是听力常考的地方。最后文章给出一个总结句呼吁人们破除固有的一些认识，去更多了解我们的眼睛，头尾呼应。

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight?

　　答案：C)There are many false notions about it.

　　解析：从"eyesight" 可以把答案定位于第一段，关键词有"weakens the eyes" "loss of vision". 注意题目中是问speaker要告诉我们的，所以不要被some people believe...误导，看清题目要问什么很重要。容易混淆的是A选项，文中提到如果孩子戴不合适的眼镜会使孩子的视力减弱，但并没有提到孩子经常忽视保护视力。B、D选项文中没有提及，可以排除。

　　27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show?

　　答案：C)It can lead to the loss of vision in children.

　　解析：本题关键词是"studies" "wearing the wrong glasses". 文章中作者很明显地给出了"Studies show that for adults..." 因此了解这个后面的内容，做出本题难度不大。文中说到 "for adults there is no danger" ，因此排除B选项。"there is no evidence... the structure of eyes is changed" "it does not permanently damage eyesight"可以排除D选项，注意如果漏听了no，很可能就会选错。A选项前文没有提及，可以排除。

　　28.What do we learn about eye transplanting from the talk?

　　答案：D)It can only be partly accomplished now.

　　解析：本题关键词"eye transplanting"，迅速定位于听力后面部分。A、B、C选项文中没有提及，排除。文章最后部分"Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced" "Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced"可以推断出答案是D选项。

　　Passage Two

　　When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do

　　Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents?

　　答案：D)They have jobs and other commitments.

　　解析：细节题。本题询问原因，文章开头很快就给出了本题答案"because they often have jobs and other responsibilities." 注意D选项中的commitments的意思是 “承诺，保证;承担义务”和responsibilities意思相近。这也是四级考试中常见的选项设置，用同义词或近义词替换掉文中的词汇。这要求考试在备考时，重点词汇及其同义词反义词都要有所了解。其他选项文中没有提及，可排除。

　　30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes?

　　答案：A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.

　　解析：细节题。关键词"wives"" husbands"。本题不难，文章中已经直接给出答案" in order not to use up their life savings"。

　　31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do?

　　31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do?

　　答案：C)Be frank and seek help from others.

　　解析：关键词"caregivers""learn to do"，问看护人应该要学会做的事情，然后迅速定位于最后部分，"One consideration is to ask..."，"Caregivers must also learn to state..." 主要有两件事情，C选项是其中一个，另外一个选项中没有，排除A、B和D选项。

　　Passage Three

　　Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it's dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it's exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I've heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.

　　Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　32 What does the talk focus on?

　　A) Health and safety conditions in workplace.

　　解析：主旨题。本题简单，了解了文章主要内容后，就可以直接选出答案。注意不要被文章中员工们得对工作环境的complaints影响而混淆了。

　　33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do?

　　Replace its out-dated equipments.

　　答案：A)Replace its out-dated equipments.

　　解析：细节题。作者有直接读出答案，比较简单。

　　34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint?

　　A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.

　　答案：A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.

　　解析：细节题。作者有直接读出答案，比较简单。注意选B选项的同学可能犯了想当然的错误。做题还是要按照文章的事实根据来。

　　35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work?

　　C) To protest against the poor working conditions.

　　答案：C)To protest against the poor working conditions.

　　解析：推理题。本题容易误选D选项。因为是heating system出了故障。但通过下文"too embarrassed""had the heating system replaced right away" 从老板的反应及采取的措施可以推断出，员工们穿滑雪服地原因其实为对差的工作环境向老板提出抗议。

　　Section C Compound Dictation

　　Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts(宇航员) some day may survive so long in space that they would return to an earth of the distant future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still, if you could move faster than light, your time would move backward.

　　Although no form of matter yet discovered, moves as fast as or faster than light, scientific experiments has already confirmed that accelerated motion causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he introduced the concept of relative time as part of his special theory of relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past. An obsession with time - saving, gaining, wasting, losing and mastering it - seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. Thus time and time's relativity are measurable by any hour glass, alarm clock, or atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

　　本文提要：

　　本篇属于科技类文章，主要围绕时间和运动的关系展开;用谚语开篇引出全文，很有吸引力。中间引用爱因斯坦的相对论相关概念，具体阐述主题。

　　答案：

　　36. survive

　　解析：文章描述：运动越快，时间变慢得也更快，这也就意味着宇航员有朝一日可以在太空中生存(survive)很久，如此一来他们就可以在遥远(distant)的未来重返地球。

　　37. distant

　　解析：这个空在future 前面，所以预判该填形容词常用搭配无非near，close， distant等 ，根据听力原文，如上所述，确定是遥远的未来;填distant。

　　38. backward

　　解析：速度达到光速，时间静止;根据常识推断，若速度快于光速，那么时间将后退，即move backward，根据听力原文可确定这一推断。

　　39. discovered

　　解析：空缺部分作后置定语，从音频可知是发现(discovered)，用其过去完成时态。

　　40. scientific

　　解析：该空后接名词，应为形容词，scientific。

　　41. motion

　　解析：

　　原文描述，实验已证明运动加快会使宇航员的时间延长。这里的运动为motion。

　　42. predicted

　　解析：爱因斯坦在1905年时作出预测，用过去时predicted。

　　43. introduced

　　解析：这是爱因斯坦提出的一个相对时间的概念，用过去时introduced。

　　44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past.

　　解析：当下进行的研究旨在证实，是否有这样的物质，即能以超光速运行，并可以作为我们回归过去的“通行证”。填句只需意思相近就可以，关键抓住核心：超光速运行，可帮助人类回到过去。

　　45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed.

　　解析：人类对时间的节约，获取，浪费以及流失等的着迷，自人类诞生以来就一直是其生活的一部分。核心：人类诞生以来就一直存在的，如影随形的。

　　46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock.

　　解析：人类也对时间的含义非常着迷，爱因斯坦就曾提出一个试验性的定义，这个定义下的时间可以用钟表来测量。核心意思：试验性的定义，可以用钟表来测量。

　　解题密钥：

　　听类似文章时首先要注意把握逻辑结构，也即听第一遍听时把握大意，先不要急于填写所有空缺，重点是要缕清思路，听懂文章在说什么，记录关键信息词;有了对文章整体的把握后，第二遍听时就容易许多，这时就可以把空缺进量补齐，注意填句部分不一定非得按原文填写，只要意思相近就行;第三遍是最后一遍，此时要边听边检查已填写空缺，另外也可补填遗漏。

　　听力音频结束后，可对所填词汇进行检查，此时主要根据语法知识保证词形，词性准确无误;另外也可重新组织语句，完善填句部分。

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

　　Section A

　　文章大意：

　　47 N tend

　　48 L negative

　　49 H efficiently

　　50 B associated

　　51 A alert

　　52 J function/

　　53 F definitely

　　54 O younger

　　55 E continuing

　　56 G different

　　文章大意：本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间?

　　47. tend to 固定搭配;表示“倾向于;”符合句意;

　　48. 空格后是effect， 前面是a(n)， 由此可见，该处需要填入一个形容词;题目给出的形容词有negative, sufficient, younger;根据前后语意，填入negative最为恰当，表示“少的睡眠时间对大脑的活动有负面的影响。”

　　49. 根据推测，该处应该填入一个副词，题目给出的副词有efficiently, definitely, formally;前面提到，老年人在睡觉的时候更容易被打断，而后面用while提出一个对比的概念，年轻人相比起来能获得更_______ 的睡眠;综合起来，选用efficiently(最有效率的)最为准确。

　　50. be associated with 固定搭配;表示“与…联系在一起”;本句话表示“更多的睡眠通常都与健康度联系在一起”;

　　51. 先看整句话的含义，“如果他们能睡更长的时间，他们的感觉应该会更好以及…”那么，该处应该填入一个褒义词，选择alert比较恰当，表示“更加警觉，机灵”;

　　52. 根据判断，此处应该填入一个动词，剩下的动词有cling, function;整句话的意思是“当我们上了年纪的时候，我们一觉睡到天亮的能力下降了，但是，我们需要…的睡眠量并没有改变;”空格后的单词是well， cling 在这里并不合适，一般与to连用;选用function 最为适合;

　　53. 作者在首段已经提出这个观点是一个myth，那么显而易见最后一段中出现的myth是作为一种强调手段，应填入definitely;

　　54. 空格的前面是 when they were…， “当他们年轻的时候”;应填入younger;

　　55. 本句的意思是“我们的数据显示老年人将从…获益;”空格的后面是“得到和他们在三十多岁的时候能得到的睡眠一样多”;根据上下文意思，该处应填入“continuing”;

　　56. different from 固定搭配;表示“和…不同”;

　　总的说来，建议大家在做题之前对所给的所有词汇进行一下简单的词性分类，这样，更有助于考生快速有效地从最小的范围内选出答案。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　57. What can we learn from some recent studies?

　　答案：D. Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.

　　关键词：recent studies, but also

　　定位：题干中some recent studies提示答案定位在第一段第一句话。

　　解析：问题提问从最近的研究中我们可以了解到什么?第一段第一句中Several recent studies found that…与题干对应，由此可知that后的就是recent studies的内容，即being randomly assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood of conflict。其中“being randomly assigned to a roommate of another race”对应了选项D中的“interracial lodging”，“can… but also…”说明了interracial lodging是有利有弊的。因此D选项符合文意。而C选项“弊大于利”不符合文意, A“不同种族学生之间的争执是不可避免的”选项与B“不同种族的学生相互存在偏见”原文中没有明确提及

　　58. What does Sam Boakye's remark mean?

　　答案：D. Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.

　　关键词：surrounded, something to prove

　　定位：题干中出现的人名Sam Boakye提示答案定位在第四段第一句话。

　　解析：问题提问Sam Boakye的话是什么意思?通过定位可以找到Sam Boakye的那段话，即if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove. 这句话前面的插入语-the only black student on his freshman year floor- 介绍了Sam Boakye作为黑人学生的背景，帮助我们理解之前那句话：如果你的周围都是白人，那么一定会去证明些什么，言下之意就是选项D“白人同伴的存在会激励黑人学生更加努力地去取得成功”。而选项A, B, C在文中没有明确提及。本题选项C有个干扰信息“the freshman year”，在原文中出现。某些考生看到这个词，不假思索就选择了这个选项，但没有搞懂原文的意思，导致错误选择。请考生留意。

　　59. What does the Indian University study show?

　　答案：A. Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.

　　关键词：Indian University, more likely,

　　定位：题干中出现的机构名称Indian University提示答案定位在第七段第一句话。

　　解析：问题提问Indian University的研究显示了什么?通过定位可以发现研究结果显示Interracial roommate were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together，与选项A中的more likely to fall out 对应，因此选择D。此处，fall out 应该理解为“散伙，分开”有些考生可能因为不理解意思而产生歧义，请考生留意。

　　60. What does Alec Webley consider to be the “definition of integration”?

　　答案：D. The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.

　　关键词：Alec Webley, definition of integration

　　定位：题干出现的人名Alec Webley提示答案定位在第十段第一句。

　　解析：通过定位找到人名，人名后出现“This is the definition of integration”，由“this”可知人名前就是我们要找的答案，即the process throws you together randomly，“throw you together randomly”与“randomly assign”对应。意思与选项D符合。因此，此处选择D。

　　61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?

　　答案：A. It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.

　　关键词：Grace Kao, generalizations

　　定位：题干中出现的人名Grace Kao以及generalizations提示答案定位在文章最后一段。根据最后一段意思：要得出Interracial lodging的一般规律，需要对学生的背景特征有更多的研究，与选项D的意思相同。而选项ABC在文中没有明确提及。

　　Passage Two

　　本篇文章主要是围绕一份来自Global Humanitarian Forum的报告展开的，在解题之前，通过对5个题干的浏览，以及在原文中的定位，可以发现，这篇文章是严格按照顺序原则来出题的。每一个题干中都有大写的字母，这些首字母大写的单词既是关键词，也是定位词，可以有效地帮助我们到原文中准确定位，节省答题时间。

　　62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?

　　答案：B. Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.

　　关键词：Global Humanitarian Forum

　　定位：第一段、第二段

　　解析：一般而言，四级的阅读题目大致遵循顺序原则，此篇文章正好是遵循此规律的。在文章的第一段，第一行，我们看到“… 300,000 deaths and about $ 125 billion …”,根据这里，我们可以把答案锁定在选项A(economic)和选项B (Rates of death)，然后我们接着往下看，可以发现，第二段就没有再提到金钱方面了，而都是在讲死亡和疾病的话题，如第二段的第三行“… death rates from illnesses … ”。所以，最后正确的选项是B。

　　63. What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage?

　　答案：A. It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.

　　关键词：learn 、Forum's report

　　定位：第三段

　　解析：根据顺序原则，我们在接下来的第三段里就找到了63题的答案。第三段的第一行就讲到“the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk”，这和A选项是完全相一致的，challenged是criticism的同义替换。B选项中的“interest”表示“兴趣”，主要用于好的事物，这里讲的都是对the Forum's repor的批评，显然就不合适了。C选项表达的意思跟原文正好相反，这个是肯定要排除的。然后，有的同学可能会选到D选项，可能是受到文中第四段“… primarily in poor countries ,were being seriously effected …”这句话的影响。但是D选项中“a big stir”“一阵巨大的骚乱”文中是完全没有提到的。

　　64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report?

　　答案：B. It is invalid in terms of methodology.

　　关键词：Dr. Pielke、say

　　定位：第五段

　　解析：在第五段，我们可以很快找到Pielke，然后找到他说的话，第二行“the Forum's report was ‘a methodological embarrassment'”,然后在第六行“but the report, he said‘will harm the … it is so deeply flawed'”。根据这两句话，选项中invalid 是flawed的同义替换， 我们可以很容易地选到B。

　　65. What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report?

　　答案：D. Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.

　　关键词：Soren Andreasen

　　定位：第六段

　　解析：在第六段的第二行和第三行，可以看到“the number were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders … ”,根据这两句话，我们就能较轻松地将正确答案锁定在D选项。

　　66. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?

　　答案：D. How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards.

　　关键词：Kofi Annan、focus of the Copenhagen conference

　　定位：第七段(即文中的最后一段)

　　解析：最后一段是Kofi Annan说的一段话。我们在最后一段的第二行，focus on后面“… from rich to poor regions to help reduce … ”后面的内容就无需再花时间去看了，因为他focus(关注)的地方，在此就已经陈述清楚了，正确答案就是D。

　　Part V Cloze

　　文章大意：

　　67. to

　　68. specific

　　69. key

　　70. different

　　71. prevent

　　72. in

　　73. focus

　　74. over

　　75. rather

　　76. consumed

　　77. vital

　　78. amazed

　　79. contain

　　80. interact

　　81. on

　　82. up

　　83. fill

　　84. avoid

　　85. doubt

　　86. impact

　　这是一篇关于科学饮食的科技新闻。

　　为了让学生快速进入语境，文章第一段没有挖空。

　　从第一段中，我们可以获得全文主旨：科学饮食的真谛是从大处着眼，

　　67. 第二段首句有个定语从句：科学饮食远不止分析每一口放到嘴里的饭。这里要选择一个介词，lift 的原意是高举，在这里的意思就是“放到嘴边”，to 表示方向。 between 表示在某某之间，不合题意。inside 表示静态，与lift这个动作相矛盾。同理，B选项through，表示穿过，lift这个动作，到嘴边就结束了，并没有穿过嘴巴。

　　68. 按照原文的逻辑，接下来的一句话，表达过去人们如何如何，是为了给出“靶子”加以批评，所以，我们需要继续往后读，读到作者提倡的做法，然后反向理解一下，便可选出答案。

　　69. 根据语法搭配，只有key才可以和后面的to相搭配，所以选择A选项。

　　70. 句首的but，是题眼，表达对比之意，所以，下文开始讲述“另一种”“不同的”饮食习惯。因此，选择B选项，different。

　　71. 这里是个不定式短语，需要一个动词，由宾语heart disease可知，“prevent”(预防)是最佳搭配。

　　72. 考察和general搭配的介词，只有in 符合语法。

　　73. 需要一个动词和on搭配，语法上四个选项都可以搭配，只能从词义上判断，turn on 表示打开，focus on 表示注重，put on 表示穿衣，carry on 表示执行。根据宾语，“更广的层面”，可知应该选择focus on。

　　74. 需要一个和“时间段”搭配的介词，over a period of time 表示一段时间以来，符合题意。

　　75. 这里表示“是什么而不是什么”，应该用rather than 才能准确达意。

　　76. 这是个分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的“this or that”，这里的this or that代指食物。convey是表达，不搭配。enter 可以表示“输入，记下”，也不和食物搭配。和食物搭配的只有B和D，consume表示，消费或消耗。exhaust 表示耗尽。很明显，这里的食物并不会耗尽，所以只能选B选项。

　　这里我们可以回过头来，看一下第68题，文章的主旨是，“Scientist now focus on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten over several days or a week”即“科学家现在注重最近几天内的均衡饮食”，与此能够形成对比的，“单个营养元素的定量摄入”，这里能表达特定量的词只有“certain”或者“specific”，这里用certain更自然，但是没有提供选项，因此就只能选择specific，表示“特定的”。

　　77. 需要个形容词，做后置定语，和for good health 搭配，这里只有vital 能和for搭配，表示“对…重要”。

　　78. 这里是一个 The more…the more 的固定表达，表示“越……越……”，这里用amazed表达科研人员，对新发现所产生的“惊奇之感”。

　　79. 这里的they表示食物，结合后面的动词，构成定语从句，修饰“必备营养元素”，这里的用contain才能准确达意，“食物包含必备营养元素”

　　80. 需要一个动词和with搭配，只能选择A和B，但从语义上判断，必备营养元素之间会相互反应，肯定不会相互干扰。因此只能选择interact。

　　81. 这里需要一个介词和track搭配，只有 on the right track才符合语法

　　82. 这里根据题意，“蔬菜、水果和谷物构成了饭菜的四分之三”，这里make up表达“构成”之意。

　　83. 这里需要一个动词，宾语是“剩余的四分之一”，从语义上理解，我们需要选择“填充”，因此，fill in 是符合语法的。

　　84. 这里需要一个动词，结合题意，这个空应该表达“不吃”，才能和前面的eat形成对比，这里的avoid，表达避免的意思，比delete(删除)更切题。

　　85. 文章在最后一句，要下一个结论，这里用without a doubt 表达“毫无疑问”，符合题目要求。

　　86. 这里需要一个名词，和on搭配，只有impact符合题意。

　　总之，今年四级的完型填空，涉及3处名词，5处介词，7处动词，4处形容词和1处副词。

　　只有1题(第68题)需要整体把握，其余部分只要在句子内部或者句子之间进行上下文逻辑比对或语法搭配，即可完成。

　　Part VI Translation

　　87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so (也没有解释为什么).

　　解析：本题考察了两个知识点。① nor的倒装句用法，后半句表示“也不”的否定意义，注意助动词的时态与上半句保持一致;② 对某事做出解释的表达，考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧，explain → explanation，或者nor did they give the reason for doing so同样可以。

　　88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she could be assigned (to) another job(能被分配做另一项工作)

　　解析：本题考察了wish从句的虚拟语气用法(can→could)和“分配某人做某事”的词组搭配，assign sb. to sth. 或者assign sb. sth.

　　89. John rescued the drowning child at the risk of his own life (冒着自己生命危险).

　　解析：本题考察了“冒着…的危险/风险做某事”的词组搭配，可以用at the risk / expense of one's own life(冒着某人的生命危险做某事)

　　90. George called his boss from the airport but it ① was his assistant who answered / picked up the phone;② turned out that his assistant answered / picked up the phone(接电话的却是他的助手)

　　解析：该句比较灵活，在句法上，既可以使用强调句结构，也可以采用turn out的惯用搭配;在“接电话”的表达上，可以用pick up / answer the phone。强调句结构为it be sb. who do sth. ,而turn out变化则较多，可以用turn out to be sb. who do sth.或者turn out + that + 从句。

　　91. Although he was interested in philosophy, his father persuaded him into / talked him into(他的父亲说服他)majoring in law.

　　解析：本题考察“说服某人做某事”的表达，persuade / talk sb. into doing sth.

　　整体评价：今年6月的翻译题难度适中，89和91题的词组搭配是拿分题，而87题的倒装结构和88题的虚拟语气用法也是广大四级考生的“老朋友”，不熟悉实在说不过去。