Wind is the great maker of waves. There are exceptions, such as the tidal(潮汐的) waves sometimes produced by earthquakes under the sea. But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.
Now before constructing an imaginary life history of a typical wave, we need to know certain physical things about it. A wave has height, from trough (low point) to crest (high Point). It has length — the distance from this crest to that of the following wave. The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding crests to pass a fixed point. None of these things stays the same — for all depend upon the wind, upon the depth of the water and many other matters.
The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position. And it is fortunate that this is so. For if the huge masses of water that make up a wave actually moved across the sea, sailing would be impossible.
If we want to find the speed of a wave, we may use the following way:
Speed = wavelength × frequency
Here, wavelength is the distance between two high points (crests), frequency means the number of cycles per second.
1. What causes waves?
A. Earthquakes and nothing else. B. Only wind. C. Wind causes most waves. D. Wind causes some waves.
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The water of a wave moves away across the sea. B. The water of a wave remains almost at the same place.
C. The water of a wave goes with the passing of the wave.
D. The length of a wave means the distance from the top of a wave to the bottom.
3. The speed of Wave 1 is 100 cm / s, frequency 10. The frequency of Wave 2 is 300, while its speed is twice that of Wave 1. Which of the following is right?
A. The wavelengths of the two are equal. B. The wavelength of Wave 1 is 10 times longer than that of Wave 2.
C. The wavelength of Wave 2 is longer than that of Wave 1. D. The wavelength of Wave 1 is longer than that of Wave 2.
【答案解析】本文是说明文，讲述了海浪的有关知识。
1. C。细节题。根据But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.可推知此题答案为C。
2. B。细节题。根据The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea.可知水并不会随海浪一起运动。
3. D。推断题。根据Speed = wavelength × frequency计算公式，Wavelength= speed÷frequency，所以波浪1的波长为10 cm，波浪2的波长为0.666 cm，故D正确。
