2016年托福考试词汇语法强化试题四_第2页

　　10.The universe is estimated ___between 10 billion and 20 billion years old.

　　A. being

　　B. to be

　　C. which is

　　D. is.

　　答案：B

　　分析：estimate的用法比较单一;

　　1.be estimated to be/have/cost etc

　　The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.

　　2.estimate something at something

　　Organizers estimated the crowd at 50,000.

　　3.estimate that

　　Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average.

　　4.estimate how many/what etc

　　It is not easy to estimate how many people have the disease.

　　参考译文：据估计，宇宙的年龄大约是100亿到200亿年。

　　11. A situation in which an economic market is dominated by a ____ is known as a monopoly.

　　A. single of a product seller

　　B. product single of a seller

　　C. seller of a product single

　　D. single seller of a product

　　答案：D

　　分析：通过句意可以判断。

　　参考译文：当一个有利可图的市场被一家卖主独占时，这种情况就是垄断。

　　12.____ freshwater species of fish build nests of sticks, stones, or scooped-out sand..

　　A. As the many

　　B. Of the many

　　C. Many

　　D. Many of them are

　　答案：C

　　分析：注意诸如many，all等的用法，有这样两种常考的结构many of the + n / many n;

　　D选项中are和build造成谓语冲突。

　　参考译文：很多淡水鱼类是用木棍，石头，或是挖出来的沙子筑巢的。

　　13.Newspaper publishers in the united states have estimated ___________reads a newspaper every day.

　　A. nearly 80 percent of the adult population who

　　B. it is nearly 80 percent of the adult population

　　C. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population who

　　D. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population

　　答案：D

　　分析：见第七题分析。

　　参考译文：报纸出版商估计，在美国，大约有80%的成年人每天都要阅读报纸。

　　14. The foundation of all other branches of mathematics is arithmetic, _ science of calculating with numbers.

　　A. is the

　　B. the

　　C. which the

　　D. because the

　　答案：B

　　分析：A中is造成谓语冲突;C，不知做何成分，做从句亦缺少谓语;D，表因果不符合句意。B这里做同位语。

　　参考译文：数学的其他分支的基础是算术，(这是)一门计算数字的学科。

　　15.Nylon was ___the human-made fibers.

　　A. the first of which

　　B. what the first of

　　C. it the first of

　　D. the first of

　　答案：D

　　分析：A，B，C中的which, what和it都不能指出其合适的句中成分，不是无法指代，就是冗余;D选项，主谓宾清清楚楚。

　　参考译文：尼龙是第一种人造纤维。

　　16.The male cicada sound is made by specialized structures on the abdomen and which apparently serves to attract females.

　　答案：C：apparently

　　分析：注意and的平行并列结构，and后应该有谓语和is made并列，而不应该是从句。

　　参考译文：雄蝉的叫声是腹腔的一种特殊结构发出的，不用说，它是用来吸引雌蝉的。

　　17.Televisions are now an everyday feature of most households in the United States, and television viewing is the number one activity leisure.

　　答案：D：leisure activity

　　分析：这题有难度，A，everyday是adj.放在不定冠词后修饰名词是可以的;B，most是大部分的意思，不用加the;这题C也有可能是错的，viewing television动名词做主语，谓语用is，常考的;而activity leisure也未尝不可，名词修饰名词;但是又想选D的缘故可能是要这样考虑television viewing is the activity 而不是television viewing is the leisure

　　参考译文：在美国，电视现在已经成为大多数家庭的一个平常的特征，并且看电视也成为了第一大娱乐活动。

　　18.Bacteria are one of the most abundant life forms on Earth, growing on and inside another living things, in every type of environment.

　　答案：C：other

　　分析：another后面跟单数名词，表示三者以上的概念。

　　参考译文：细菌是地球上形式最丰富的物种之一，他寄生再另一生物体表或体内，再任何环境下都是这样。

　　19.Fluorine is a greenish gas too active that even water and glass burn in it.

　　答案：B：so

　　分析：【so + adj. that+ 从句】固定句型。

　　参考译文：氟是一种浅绿色气体，特别活泼，甚至水和玻璃都可以在里面燃烧。