2016年3月26日托福口语预测_第5页

　　口语第五题：

　　NO.1

　　Man's Problem: He has a study group tomorrow with other students for a physics exam, but there is a presentation on writing novels held at the same time.

　　Possible Solutions:

　　1) Attend the study group:

　　- Can't change the time since other students aren't free at other times.

　　- It's better to study with them because they are better at physics than he is, and he has some materials that he doesn't fully understand. (Communicating by email isn't helpful)

　　- Can read the article and listen to the recording on the presentation afterwards.

　　2) Go to the Presentation:

　　- He is passionate about writing and really wants to go.

　　- The writer giving the presentation may not come to his university again。

　　- Reading the article on the event website is not the same as listening to the presentation in-person.

　　- The man can study on his own. The other members in the study group said he could email them if he had questions.

　　NO.2

　　口语五：女生室友忘带冬季外套让她开车到机场送， 她去， 时间太长;不去又不好， 况且她室友最近帮了她的忙。

　　她室友还说自己可以去借什么的。

　　NO.3

　　Task5:

　　一个女生生病了，不想外出，但是她是youth center的volunteer，应该带一帮小孩子去zoo看动物。两种解决办法，方法一是reschedule去动物园的时间，但这是一个special exhibit of 一种老虎，孩子们会很喜欢，而且是最后一天，不去很可惜。方法二是让另外一个志愿者Megan代孩子们去，但是Megan自己要复习物理课内容参加考试，女生觉得让朋友做出这种牺牲自己过意不去。

　　要求：让考生描述情况和解决办法，并推荐一个选择一个方案还要说理由

　　NO.4

　　S5

　　woman收到一个去marine research的offer，但是给的钱不够她去交下学期的tuition. man说：1、explain to them and ask for more money(women怕他们收回offer);2、take a part-time job(woman说怕时间不够太累) 问题是：这个女生的Dilemma是什么，你认为应该怎么做，为什么?

　　NO.5

　　Task5:

　　男生向女生抱怨自己刚才正在做research project，结果不小心erased his data(删掉了数据)，而且没有copy。女生提出了两点possible solution：给emergence打电话，让他们来修理，因为有晚间服务，但是男生说太贵。女生于是建议向教授要求extension，男生担心教授strict，会take points(减分)。

　　NO.6

　　Girl's problem:

　　She is planning to give a presentation on her study-abroad experience, but her laptop crashed and she was unable to show the audience her photos.

　　Possible solutions:

　　1) She has a photo album containing some of her pictures taken during her study abroad years, and she could pass the book among the audience members.

　　- This way the audience will be able to see her photos

　　- Not all of the photos she wants to show are included in the album

　　- There is a lot of people in the audience, and not everyone will be able to see the album

　　2) Her pictures are still in her camera. The camera is at her parents' house. She could go there to get the camera, and show her audience photos through the camera.

　　- She has the time to go to her parents' house to pick up the camera and return before the presentation

　　- But she initially planned to use the time to practice her presentation, and rushing to her parents' house will take up valuable time.

　　NO.7

　　Task5:

　　Man’s problem:喜欢他的心理学课程,因为教授实在是讲得很好.把枯燥的定义生动的传授给大家了.但是,他最近总是不能按时上课.原因是:他有和well-paid的工作,要工作到很晚,而第二天的课程很早.也是由于他不能按时上课,所以grade就下降了.

　　Woman’s suggestion: quit the job.

　　Man:但是这个工作真的是很好的报酬,他的报酬足够涵盖我要花的所有钱了.或者,我可以把心理学的课程放到下午去,下去还有一个同样的课程,同样的进度,但是不是同一个教授教的!

　　Question: problem +solutions(这里那个woman只是提供了一个意见,另一个是man自己说的,考的时候我就听到有人说there are two suggestions given by his friend.)+ what do you the man should do?

　　NO.8

　　Task 5

　　【学生困难】：男生把心理学书忘记在实验室，实验室关门了，但是明天有心理学考试。

　　【解决方案】：男生自己说了两个方案：

　　1. 晚上先看笔记复习，明早6点实验室开门去取，但是他得5点就起床;

　　2. 今晚和同学一起看书，但那个同学学习很差，一起复习可能大部分时间都在tutoring他。

　　【问题】：Briefly summarize the problem and two possible solutions. Then state which solution you recommend and explain why.

　　NO.9

　　Task 5

　　学生困难：两个学生聊天，一个男生说倒霉，今早太匆忙，把资料给打印重叠了(反正出问题了)都不知道。

　　解决方案：男女各一条建议

　　1.女的说，不急，你再去打。男(jim)的说，我得换一台新电脑设施去打。但是马上要上课了。

　　2.我得和教授解释去。

　　NO.10

　　TASK5

　　听力男学生遇到的问题是时间冲突。一方面他要去机场接朋友，另一方面他想去参加以为作者的演讲。

　　两个解决方案为：

　　1 告诉朋友自己会迟到(提到的好处有：老朋友可以理解他迟到，这个朋友还可以自己在机场逛逛，吃点东西读书。缺点是朋友大老远跑来看他，不好意思迟到。2 不去参加的演讲。(提到非常想去，如果错过不会有第二次机会)

　　NO.11

　　口语五：选课的问题。男生说他想选美国文学，但是太火爆，这里不确定，要么是选不上，要么是即使能选上，也挤不进讨论里面去(discussion)。两种办法，一种是干脆选个别的课，不选这玩意了。一种是现在不选了，下学期或者明年再选。

　　NO.12

　　The woman's problem is that she shared a room with others off-campus. Her roommate is too noisy and she cannot do her own things. She is considering moving to another apartment next year.

　　There are two solutions for her. First, she can move back to campus. The university dorm has a policy about keeping quiet during certain hours of the day and it isn't expensive. But there's no kitchen in the dorm and the woman is really into cooking. Second, she can find another apartment near campus. It will be convenient because she has a job in library for 24 hours at a time. But with an apartment, she has the added pressure of paying rent.

　　NO.13

　　Problem: professor要带M attend conference, department can not provide money on transportation only afford hotel fee.

　　solution:

　　1) by air 自己拿钱 but expensive

　　2)take train but very far whole day moreover, miss a crucial class.

　　NO.14

　　Task 5

　　【学生困难】：男生的朋友去他寝室玩把他室友的台灯弄坏了。

　　【解决方案】：

　　方案一：把家里一个差不多的拿来。好处：他室友也喜欢的。坏处：俩台灯不一样。

　　方案二：商店里去买个新的。坏处：没有一模一样的了。而且贵。"

　　NO.15

　　【学生困难】：男生的朋友送了他一张今天晚上演唱会的门票，演唱会有他最喜欢的band的演出，但是男生有一个history paper明天要交，时间冲突了。

　　【解决方案】：

　　1. 去演唱会，回家再写paper, 但是要熬通宵;

　　2. 不去演唱会，把票给别人。但是这个演唱会N年一次，错过了可能很多年以后才能听到

　　NO.16

　　Task5:

　　【1个问题】男生要给一叫Sam的哥们儿送一礼物，因为朋友乔迁之喜，打算在乔迁party上送挑了一个bookcase，因为这哥们儿家里太空了，然后这帮人回去之后发现安装了之后少零件parts missing，这不是坑人么所以就说找店家给我们换，但是店家说要过一段时间才replace 。

　　【解决方案】男生自己给自己两个方案：方案1、换一个，商店暂时没货，要等2weeks才来新货，赶不上house warming。下周六直接送Sam家，再跟说我们送你个礼物不过太扯了，那还送什么啊方案2、买另外一个新的，但是更贵，超出他们预算了。

　　NO.17

　　S5

　　男生本来约好一个group discussing，是关于一个due on Monday的paper。但是男的父亲周末五十大寿，他想回去celebrate。另一个人就给了个suggestion: 说向group member解释一下，让他们帮着help out。难得觉得说不好吧。男的自己有说要么就Sunday早点回来，然后还能赶上回来discuss。但是又不知道会不会让他家里人disappointment。

　　NO.18

　　S5

　　男生本来约好一个group discussing，是关于一个due on Monday的paper。但是男的父亲周末五十大寿，他想回去celebrate。另一个人就给了个suggestion: 说向group member解释一下，让他们帮着help out。难得觉得说不好吧。男的自己有说要么就Sunday早点回来，然后还能赶上回来discuss。但是又不知道会不会让他家里人disappointment。

　　口语第六题：

　　NO.1

　　Lecture: Small Business: drawbacks on home-based business

　　For many small businesses, instead of renting, they prefer to work from home. Though working from home has its merits, a home-based business has some drawbacks.

　　1) Can't Maintain a Professional Image

　　People working in home-based businesses don't set a clear boundary between business and personal life. The customers may think they are not professional and serious about the business. For example, if a home-based business is a catering service that provides food for some major event, a customer would call and not expect a baby crying in the background. However, if it happened, the customer will for sure think that the business is not professional enough for their event and not trust the ability of the caterer to provide good-quality food.

　　2) Will Affect the Lives of the Neighbors

　　Use the catering example again, the business may hire two or more workers to help with the preparation of food. These workers may need to park their cars on the street, which would take up the neighbors' parking spots. Having their spots taken, the neighbors would definitely complain.

　　Question： Describe the two drawbacks of home-based businesses.

　　NO.2

　　Ecosystem engineering: 动物住在一个地方，这个地方会变得适合其他动物生存。两种方式

　　1、在日常生活中慢慢去做。比如某个海鲜：mussels，在吃水里东西的时候把水过滤干净了。

　　2、在一个群中间位置的时候，形成一个对其他动物有保护的地方。再比如刚才那个海鲜：mussels。他们成群住在海洋地表，他们之间的空隙形成其他动物能够生存的空间。

　　NO.3

　　口语六：老师总希望得到feedback， feedback DE characters

　　1 focus on students

　　2. focus on 其他

　　NO.4

　　Task6:

　　人类发明创造有2种可能：有目的性(intentional)，无目的性(accidental)。有目的性的举例是发明一种眼镜，可以不用让人在看远距离和近距离的时候频繁换眼镜。无目的性的例子是X-RAY的发明，是某个科学家在实验室里发现的物体影像，进而应用于人体医学。 "

　　NO.5

　　Wetland's two benefits for animals.

　　1). for nursery, sharks lay eggs in wetlands close to the ocean, because wetlands are shallow, there are not large predators, baby sharks can grow safely in the wetlands and survive in the ocean.

　　作为孕育地。动物可以lay eggs or give birth, 直到它们的宝宝长大成熟。举例，一种鲨鱼在靠近海洋的湿地产卵，因为这里大动物少，可以减少被捕食者捕食的几率;

　　2). for rest and find food. Immigrating birds, for example, paper, during the long journey of immigration, stop the wetlands to find the food because they can find similar food like before.

　　question 6【讲课要点】two ways the animals use wetland。

　　to rest and feed themselves. 举例，一种要cross美洲的migrate bird， 在长途迁徙的过程中需要休息或者觅食，这时候湿地发挥了很大的作用:在这里可以resting and setting，这里还有很多吃的，就跟它们平时吃的一样，所以很适合停留。

　　NO.6

　　Task 6

　　讲课要点】：Two Economic Changes in Ancient Civilization

　　1. Currency: this monetary form made life easier. For example, a man who bakes bread can now use money in exchange for a coat. Using money to trade can avoid the possible issue that the person who sells coats does not like bread.

　　2. Trade new things over a greater distance. For example, Romans can import silk fabric from China.

　　NO.7

　　Lecture: Two Advantages of the Beta Testing Method in Business

　　A beta test is an opportunity that gives the intended audience some samples to try the product out first.

　　1) Get feedback from the customers

　　The producer can get feedback from the customers who try the product. They will know which aspects of the product the customers like and don't like. A camera company, for example, may give some professional photographers new sample cameras to test out. After testing, the photographers may report, for example, that the flash doesn't work well because it produces too much light. The company will then know they need to work on the flash to make the overall product more desirable.

　　2) Providing Free Advertising

　　If the tested audience thinks the new product is satisfactory, it will leave a positive impression in their minds and they may tell others about the product. Even if it's not a perfect product at first, the efforts taken by the company to improve it will convince the photographer customers that the new camera will be very good. They, in turn, will tell other photographer friends about the new product and encourage greater sales.

　　NO.8

　　Task 6

　　鸟窝的两种搭建方式，

　　1.一个把巢建的高高的，藏起来。

　　2.另一种让母的在家看小鸟，公的去找食物什么没太清楚。

　　NO.9

　　TASK6

　　生物课堂上老师讲解了有些树能够活很长时间的原因—树的适应性。主要有两个方面。

　　1 通过释放化学物质避免虫害。举例为red wood，树叶和树干中含有天宁酸，所以虫子不能忍受这种物质，所以不会去吃red wood.

　　2 发达的根系可以帮助在风暴中幸存下来。举例仍为red wood. 说首先有发达的根系stretch every direction, 以及还可以与周围的树木的根系相组合。互相缠绕在暴风中就不会有问题。

　　NO.10

　　口语六：说海里一种鱼为了适应环境发展出了一种结构可以感觉到predator来了而且可以保持不动吧。 第一种是他们感觉很灵敏，举例子是dony fish头上长了hair之类的可以感知predator。 第二种是有一种能力可以在在水里静止然后躲起来，不让predator察觉到，举例是另一种鱼可以在水里keep still时还让水move，所以就能keep still然后等 predator走了。

　　NO.11

　　TASK6

　　Two ways of keeping eggs moist:

　　1)lay the eggs below water. e.g. frogs lay their eggs underwater and let the liquid permeate the eggs to keep them moist

　　2)lay eggs with special protecting structures. eg: snakes eggs have a tough shell structure that helps maintain the moisture

　　NO.12

　　Task 6

　　【讲课要点】：尽管wildfire会给动物造成damage, 但是也可以带来好处。

　　1. 能给动物提供栖息地，比如woodpecker在烧过的树洞里筑巢;

　　2. renew vegetation, 把旧的植物wipe out, 给新的植物生长带来条件，新的植物更nutritious, which are more attractive to deer.

　　NO.13

　　task6:

　　【讲座主题】生物学的。说在一个tropical rainforest里面生活animal都在canopy上飞 tree to tree 动物们为了survive独居，领地侵犯等，进化出两种behavior。

　　【相关例子】第一种是searching food alone, individually因为这个地方的食物很分散，group一起找食物，就会不够吃。各自找会有better chance 找到更多吃的。给了一例子 ：猩猩ape 都自己找食物。

　　第二种是make sounds保护自己的领地。穿过厚厚的叶子树来让别的兄弟知道要不然在树上飞啊飞的就会撞一起然后受伤，给了一个例子：说一种猴子 monkey 他们就大叫，来让不小心进入其领地的动物知道这是他的地盘

　　NO.14

　　S6

　　说有时候动物吃的东西不是我们想象中的东西，有时候会吃点乱七八糟的东西，比如说earth or soil.他们吃这些东西是有作用的。然后举两个鸟的例子。一个是R鸟，吃soil是为了磨碎食物，这样help digestion, 说因为鸟没有牙吖，所以吃soil可以帮助把大的食物，esp large seeds, 磨成small pieces.另一个是鹦鹉Parrot，吃soil可以nutralize失误中的poison，这样就不会get sick

　　NO.15

　　口语六：讲unhatched eggs communication 对他们survival的重要性，一是保证它们同时破壳，不被left behind，二是让他们的妈妈能够发现他们，举了鳄鱼的例子，鳄鱼的卵被heavy mugs cover着，要被他们的妈妈发现才能存活下去。

　　NO.16

　　口语六：

　　反正说的是FARMER 怎么给CROPS从土里提供氮养啥的。有俩方法，我只听到一个 - = 具体说那一个我都没听全啊…

　　NO.17

　　口6:是restricted codes,就是same group的人可以用很少的话语就可以让彼此意会。第一方面是SHARE same pro knowledge的人用这个。举了医生例子，医生间用很少的的话就可以解释，但是医生和病人间需要更多细节才能明白。第二个没听见走神了。例子是出去picnic食物被goat吃了，以后大家提起简单地提起goat, picnic就笑，很快就明白意思。

　　NO.18

　　版本1 这个lecture讲了动物储存食物 (hoarding)的两种不同方式

　　1)all food in one location,但是这就要求动物必须能够守住这些食物，用physical prevention 来 defense. 比如Squirrel, 他们会把所有食物都藏带一个地方，但是如果有 birds或者其他都无来抢的时候他们就会把这些掠食者赶走, drive them away

　　2)disperse, divide up food and save in different locations, 但是这要求动物必须记性特别好(good memory)记的食物都放在那些地方了.比如 Rat in desert, 它们把食物藏在hundreds of locations，但是他们记性好，都记得这些locations在哪里

　　版本2 ：心理学——generalizing

　　阅读部分: 在学习语言的过程中，儿童很容易把一个词的意思理解为仅仅是用来表示一个特定的物体(one specific object)，随着年龄的增长，儿童能逐渐理解一个单词不仅能用来描述一件物品，而是可以用来表示某一类物品。这种现象叫做归纳(generalizing)。

　　听力部分：教授的儿子三岁时，他有一个玩具火车，爸爸妈妈就教给儿子这个东西叫做“train”。有一天爸妈带着儿子出去玩，途径火车站，爸爸就指着火车说这是“train”，当时儿子就显得非常不理解(upset and confused)。而到儿子四岁时，他就能够正确使用“train”这个词了，并且能明白这个词不仅仅能够表示他的玩具火车，还能用来表示火车站里真正的火车。

　　问：用教授给出的例子解释什么是generalizing。