2018初中英语教师资格考试模拟试题及答案3_第2页

　　请阅读Passage 1，完成21~25小题。

　　Passage 1

　　How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first languages? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.

　　People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people think begin counting with their first fingers, which they extend or stick out. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指) to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.

　　Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的) people in Australia. These people don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have word for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.

　　In a similar study, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe (部落) in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three.”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees,” “more trees,” or “many trees.” Professor Edward Gibson said that mist people believe that everyone knows how to count, “but here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but isn’t not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.”

　　Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量),not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too.

　　21. The writer begins with the four questions in order to _____.

　　A. make a survey B. interest readers

　　C. tell a story D. solve math problems

　　22. What do we learn from the difference in finger counting between the U.S. and China?

　　A. People from China count much faster than people from the U.S.

　　B. People from China need two hands to count from one to ten.

　　C. People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting

　　D. People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting.

　　23. Which of following is true about aboriginal Australians?

　　A. They have only a few words for numbers

　　B. They have hand movements to stand for numbers

　　C. They can only count to five on their fingers

　　D. They can understand different ideas about numbers

　　24. The study of the Piraha tribe shows that _____.

　　A. people all over the world know how to count

　　B. People of the tribe have words for number

　　C. Some groups of people are not smart enough to count

　　D. Counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe

　　25. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. people from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math

　　B. Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans

　　C. In some aboriginal culture,p eople don’t even know how to count

　　D. Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers.

　　请阅读Passage 2，完成26~30小题。

　　Passage 2

　　It’s really a tough job for automakers doing marketing and sales in China, where competition is acute and customers have little loyalty. They have tried a range of tricks in recent years.

　　But there should be a moral bottom line. Unfortunately, a Buick dealership used the tragedy of a two-month-old infant to advertise its cars last week on Weibo – Micro blog. And Hyundai Motor followed suit.

　　On March 4, an SUV was stolen with the infant left inside alone in the northeastern city of Changchun. The news spread widely on Weibo after the baby’s father called the local police and radio station for help. The next day it was revealed that the infant was choked to death and buried in snow by the thief. The online community expressed its deeply felt sympathy and condolences.

　　The Buick dealership posted a photo of the baby and two of its cars on its official Weibo account to advertise its GPS system that can locate the stolen car. “A few thoughts on the Changchun stolen car and baby incident: when buying a car it’s entirely OK to choose a brand with advanced technology,” said the post. Though the post was made before tragic fate of the infant was known, the action generated a storm of outrage on Weibo. Some online commentators said it is “marketing at the cost of lives” and “extremely despicable.”

　　Worse was the post on Hyundai’s official Weibo account that advertised the anti – theft system on its new SUV Santa Fe, an entry made after the child was known to have died. The action also enraged micro bloggers.

　　Both posts were soon deleted. The Buick dealership made an apology on Weibo to the family of the victim and the public. But screenshots saved by users continued to be posted and the negative impact on both brands persists.

　　The two brands probably didn’t expect such a firestorm of fury from the Internet community, but they really made a big mistake sinking below the moral bottom line. They certainly ruined their own brand images.

　　The Chinese have the same proverb as the English language—a little leak will sink a great ship. It takes decades to build the great ship of a respectable brand but it can take just a moment of negligence to make it fail completely.

　　For those in corporate marketing, two lessons should be learned: first, be careful in the era of social media when one wrong can be easily magnified and have disastrous impacts in just a few clicks.

　　Second and more importantly, think with your brain and heart. Never break the moral bonds of respect for human life and sympathy for our fellow man.

　　26. Who is to blame for the tragedy of Changchun infant according to the passage?

　　A. The baby’s father B. Buick and Hyundai dealership

　　C. Weibo D. Not clear

　　27. Which of the following statements is correct?

　　A. The missing infant was found alive in the stolen car.

　　B. Micro blog marketing of tragic infant death fuels firestorm of criticism.

　　C. People can’t see the two posts any more because they were deleted.

　　D. The two car brands mentioned in the passage spoiled their own reputation by selling the stolen car.

　　28. What does the underlined word “despicable” in paragraph 4 mean?

　　A. Immoral B. Important C. Distinguished D. Considerable

　　29. The reason why Hyundai’s post was worse than Buick’s is that _____.

　　A. Hyundai dealership didn’t make an apology on Weibo

　　B. Buick dealership expressed its deeply sympathy and condolences

　　C. Hyundai’s post was made after people knew the infant had died

　　D. Buick’s car was more advanced on its GPS system

　　30. In the last paragraph, the author encourages people _____.

　　A. not to sink below the moral bottom line

　　B. not to sympathize our fellow man

　　C. to think twice before making decision

　　D. to magnify the mistakes people make