第三部分：阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Most people agree that fencing (击剑) is one sport in which a person must be at least 30 years old before he learns all he needs to know about the sport. But Clark Summers of the University of Detroit has shown that this doesn’t always have to be true.
Clark is a different kind of fencer in a lot of ways. He is American, while most fencers are from the countries of Europe. He is black while most fencers in the past have been white. And he is only 22 years old.
Many people think that Clark is the most promising fencer in this country today. Although he is young, he has been able to master the necessary skills. Already he has won a number of fencing contests (竞赛) against older fencers. He is almost certain to become a member of the U. S. Olympic (奥林匹克) fencing team!
”There is no real danger in fencing, today,” Clark says. “But I never forget that fencing was not always a sport. In the old days, People fenced to settle a quarrel. Each match was a matter of life and death. If that came true in the matches I play in today, every touch against me would mean that I had been wounded or killed. So I try to play as if l were fencing for my life. I don’t like the idea of being killed!”
56 Most people think that ___________ can do fencing.
A. kids B. teenagers C. adults D. senior citizens
57. Clark Summer is NOT probably from _______________.
A. Detroit B. Boston C. Seattle D. Manchester
58. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A. All the fencers are from the countries of Europe.
B. Clark has won few fencing contests against older fencers.
C. In the past, people fenced when they disagreed with each other.
D. Today, many fencers will get wounded or killed.
59. We can judge from the passage that Clark works very hard because ____________.
A. there is no real danger in fencing B. he doesn’t like the idea to be killed
C. he wants to settle all the quarrels D. each match is a matter of life and death
B
Reading is not the only way to gain knowledge of the work in the past. There is another large reservoir (知识库) which may be called experience, and the college student will find that every craftsman (工匠) has something he can teach and will generally teach gladly to any college student who does not look down upon them . The information from them differs from (不同于) that in textbooks and papers chiefly in that its theoretical (理论的) part -- the explanations of why things happen -- is frequently quite fantastic (神奇的) . But the demonstration (示范) and report of what happens , and how it happens are correct even if the reports are in completely unscientific terms (术语). Presently the college student will learn, in this case also, what to accept and what to reject. One important thing for a college student to remember is that if Aristotle could talk to the fisherman, so can he.
Another source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional (传统的) practices handed down from father to son , or mother to daughter, of old country customs (习惯), of folklore (风俗). All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants from wild grass. The college student should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long age.
60.In the last paragraph the phrase "this wide, confused wilderness" refers to _____.
A. personal experience B. wild weeds among good plants
C. the information from the parents D. the vast store of traditional practices
61. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?
A. The college students have trouble separating good plants from wild grass
B. Craftsman’s experience is usually unscientific
C. The contemptuous (傲慢的) college students will receive nothing from craftsmen
D. Traditional practices are as important as experience for the college student
62. From this passage we can infer that ______.
A. we’ll invite the craftsman to teach in the college
B. schools and books are not the only way to knowledge
C. scientific discoveries late based on personal experience
D. discoveries and rediscoveries are the most important source of knowledge for a
college student
63. The author advises the college student to ______ .
A. be contemptuous to the craftsman
B. be patient in helping the craftsman with scientific terms
C. learn the craftsman’s experience by judging it carefully
D. gain the craftsman’s experience without rejection
64. The main idea of this passage is about ________.
A . what to learn from the parents B. how to gain knowledge
C. why to learn from craftsman D. how to deal with experience
C
Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields(盾)toward the sun. The flashes reflected light could be seen several miles away. The enemy did not know what the flashes meant, but other Greek soldiers could understand the messages.
Roman soldiers in some places built long rows of signal towers. When they had a message to send, the soldiers shouted it from tower to tower. If there were enough towers and enough soldiers with loud voices, important news could be sent quickly over distance.
In Africa, people learned to send messages by beating on a series of large drums(鼓). Each drum was kept within hearing distance of the next one. The drum beats were sent out in a special way that all the drummers understood. Though the messages were simple, they could be sent at great speed for hundreds of miles.
In the eighteenth century, a French engineer found a new way to send short messages. In this way, a person held a flag in each hand and the arms were moved to various positions representing different letters of the alphabet. It was like spelling out words with flags and arms.
Over a long period of time, people sent messages by all these different ways. However, not until the telephone was invented in America in the nineteenth century could people send speech sounds over a great distance in just a few seconds.
65. According to this passage, the Roman way of communication depended very much upon .
A. fine weather B. high tower C. the spelling system D. arm movements
66. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Neither the Greek soldiers nor their enemy could understand the message.
B. African soldiers shouted from tower to tower to pass message.
C. Telephone was invented by a French engineer.
D. Only by using telephone could people send speech sounds quickly.
67. The African way of communication sent messages.
A. in a special way B. over a very short distance
C. by a musical instrument D. at a rather slow speed
68. The way of communication made use of visible signs.
A. French B. Roman C. African D. American
D
One answer to the question of land shortage was suggested by an organization some years ago. A city was to be built at sea, housing 30,000 people.
The suggestion was to shape the city like a harbor(港口)。The outer wall of the harbor would stand on steel columns resting on the sea---bed. Naturally this could only be where the water was fairly shallow. The people would like to live in flats in the fifty----metre high outer wall. The flats would be all face inwards, and would be made of concrete(混泥土) and glass. The glass would be specially made and colored to control the heat and strong light from the sun. The planners called this man --- made harbor would be calm. On it would be floating islands carrying more building: a hospital, two theaters, museum, an art exhibition hall and a church. On one of the islands would be a special factory to take the salt out of sea water and turn it into fresh water.
People living in the city could move around on small boats driven by electricity, so there would be no air pollution from the burning of gas. There would be platforms outside the man wall for ships bringing supplies. People could also travel to the mainland by motorboat or water plane.
69. What was suggested about the construction of a new city at sea?
A.The city was to be designed together with a harbor.
B.The walls around the city would be made of steel and glass.
C.The building of the city would rest on a floating island.
D.The people would live in tall building surrounded by a wall.
70. How would fresh water be supplied to the city?
A.By treating sea water.
B.By getting it from the surrounding islands.
C.By building a small lake of fresh water inside the city.
D.By transporting it from the mainland.
71. The suggestion made by the organization is to solve the problem that _______.
A.there is not enough space for building cites on land
B.land transportation has became increasingly difficult
C.there are too many people on land
D.present cities are heavily polluted by cars
72. the purpose of the writer is-_______.
A.to suggest how new type of harbor could be built at sea
B.to give a description of a new--- type city.
C.to draw people s attention to the problem of air pollution.
D.to introduce a mew way of building harbor --- cities.
E
What are some of the steps a person can take to prevent his house from being broken into while he is away? One step is to make sure that the house seems a lived-in one. Living room curtains should be pulled down only half-way. Bedrooms that usually have the curtains pulled down at night should be left down .
Another is to make sure that all outside locks are the dead-bolt type (双保险) . Still another is to leave several 100W lights burning and make sure that one is in the kitchen. Lights that turned on and off by themselves are the best. Then, too, it is a good idea to leave the radio turned on and set to a talking station. Any type of speaking makes a thief think twice before trying to enter. Finally, while away on holiday, make sure that nothing collects in front or in the house. Particularly, make certain that the newspaper is stopped and that a trusted neighbor has been asked to pick up the mail. Thieves are especially quick to notice piled-up newspapers and over piled mail boxes.
73. Why did the writer begin this piece with question?
A. Because he wanted to catch the readers attention.
B. Because he wanted to have the readers guess the answer before reading. C. Because he wanted to sum up (概括) the topic of the piece.
D. Because he wanted to make the readers understand him better.
74. The word "live-in" in this passage means ______________.
A. left empty B. lively and cheerful C. now being used by people D. laid inside
75. What does the writer advise the people to do?
A. Ask a neighbour to pick up the daily mail
B. Make sure to have lights that turn on and off by themselves.
C. Make sure the newspaper is handed over every day.
D. Pull the living room curtains down.
