B
Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them.Helping them enjoy science can be easy;there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your children’s curiosity.Firstly，listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of sevenyearolds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling，salary and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering，we sat facing one another in silence.Finally I said，“Now that we’re finished with your lists，do you have questions of your own about science?”
After a long pause，a boy raised his hand，“Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢)eat? When I try eating leaves like that，I get a stomachache.Why?”
This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.
Secondly，give them time to think.Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question，adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer，no time for a child to think.When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more，children give more logical，complete and creative answers.
Thirdly，watch your language.Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”.These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead，keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it in that way before”，or coming up with more questions or ideas.
Never push a child to “think”.It doesn’t make sense.Children are always thinking，without your telling them to.What’s more，this can turn a conversation into a performance.The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.
Lastly，show;don’t tell.Reallife impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，put a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
31.According to the passage，children are natural scientists，and to raise their interest，the most important thing for adults to do is ________.
A.to let them see the world around
B.to share the children’s curiosity
C.to explain difficult phrases about science
D.to supply the children with lab equipment
32.In the last sentence of the first paragraph，the word “lists” could best be replaced by ________.
A.any questions
B.any problems
C.questions from textbooks
D.any number of questions
33.According to the passage，children can answer questions in a more logical，complete and creative way if adults ________.
A.ask them to answer quickly
B.wait for one or two seconds after a question
C.tell them to answer the next day
D.wait at least for three seconds after a question
34.In which of the following paragraph(s)does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?
A.The second and third.
B.The fourth and fifth.
C.The fifth and sixth.
D.The seventh.
35.The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity EXCEPT that adults should ________.
A.tell their children stories instead of reciting facts
B.offer their children chances to see things for themselves
C.be patient enough when their children answer questions
D.encourage their children to ask questions of their own
C
Many years ago，when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver，I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City，where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款台)，I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took_off，but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend’s.We chatted on the way into the city，and when I got out of the car，the husband gave me his business card.
I wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping me.Soon afterward，I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later，I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day，and the battery was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford Dealership—a shop selling cars—was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford?”I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment;so when I got home，I wrote them a note to say thanks.I received a letter back from one of the salesmen.No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you，and it meant a lot，he said.
“Thank you”—two powerful words.They’re easy to say and mean so much.
36.The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City ______.
A.to visit a friend
B.to see his parents
C.to pay at the cash register
D.to have more gas for his car
37.The underlined words “took off” in Paragraph 2 mean “______”.
A.turned off B.moved off
C.put up D.set up
38.What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his car?
A.He had it pulled back to the gas station.
B.The couple sent him a business card.
C.The couple offered to help him.
D.He called his friend for help.
39.The battery of the author’s car was dead because ______.
A.something went wrong with the lights
B.the meeting lasted a whole day
C.he forgot to turn off the lights
D.he drove too long a distance
40.By telling his own experiences，the author tries to show ______.
A.how to write a thankyou letter
B.how to deal with car problems
C.the kindheartedness of older people
D.the importance of expressing thanks
D
Whatever one believes about global warming，there is no doubt that the earth’s polar regions are undergoing dramatic change as a result of climate change.
Now，a breathtaking new exhibit at the Asia Society in New York suggests that the earth’s Third Pole is sounding a similar alarm.David Breashears，a mountaineer and cinematographer，and his team have travelled the high Himalayas on a special search in the past few years.Armed with old photographs of the world’s highest peaks，he has tried to duplicate those shots exactly.
The result is both breathtaking and deeply frustrating.That is because his photos show a dramatic decline in glacial ice.Whether it is the forward edge，the vertical height or the mass balance of these rivers of ice，the pictures make it clear that something strange is happening.
After some discussions about the likely causes of the glacier decline—the experts agreed it was linked to climate change，aggravated(恶化) by mankind’s use of fossil fuels—the talk turned to the heart of the matter：likely impacts.The biggest one concerns water.Many glaciers，ranging from the Andes to the Alps，are in recession(衰退)，but the impacts of the Himalayan glaciers’ recession could be much more disastrous.
What to do?Answers can be found in both supply and demand，suggested the experts.On the supply side，governments of the region—always suspicious of each other，and at times hostile—must work together much more closely in measurement and data check.Advances in satellite technology can help on this front.A good model for cooperation is the Arctic Council，which brings together the many countries touching on the northern polar region.
41.There is no doubt that ______.
A.the earth’s polar regions are undergoing dramatic change
B.the Asia Society in New York is a good model for cooperation
C.the earth’s Third Pole is the world’s third highest peaks
D.the Himalayan glaciers’ recession must be much more disastrous
42.The earth’s Third Pole refers to ______.
A.the North Polar B.the South Polar
C.the Asia Society D.the Himalayas
43.Through investigating and discussion，the Asia Society found that the likely causes of the glaciers receding was ______.
A.warm weather and much pollution
B.much pollution and greenhouse effect
C.many travelers and much pollution
D.climate change and mankind’s use of fossil fuels
44.It can be inferred that the governments of the region will ______.
A.unite as one to use more water
B.fight against each other for getting more water
C.cooperate more closely in measurement and data check
D.bring together touching on the northern polar region
45.The text is mainly about ______.
A.global warming
B.the Himalayan glaciers’ recession
C.a breathtaking in New York
D.the Arctic Council
