Passage 2
体裁：说明文 话题：旅鸽 时间：6分钟
(2014·课标Ⅰ卷)Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.
It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons-a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an everlasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.
By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans' need for wood，which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again.
In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under human care.The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914.
【语篇导读】 本文叙述了旅鸽逐渐消失的过程。
1.In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons ________.
A.were the biggest bird in the world
B.lived mainly in the south of America
C.did great harm to the natural environment
D.were the largest bird population in the US
解析 事实细节题。根据文章第一段所述在18和19世纪，美国大群的旅鸽飞起来可以遮住天空几个小时，所以美国旅鸽的数量是最大的，故选D。
答案 D
2.The underlined word“undoing”probably refers to the pigeons' ________.
A.escape B.ruin
C.liberation D.evolution
解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Where the birds were abundant...by the thousands”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀，所以ruin和undoing词义相似，故选B。
答案 B
3.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?
A.To seek pleasure. B.To save other birds.
C.To make money. D.To protect crops.
解析 事实细节题。根据文章第二段中“Commercial hunters attracted them...sold in restaurants”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀的主要原因是捕杀者要赚钱。故选C。
答案 C
4.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?
A.It was ignored by the public.
B.It was declared too late.
C.It was unfair.
D.It was strict.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“In 1897，the state of...for 10 years”可知通过法律后的10年，鸽群数量仍然不多，所以制定法律为时已晚，故选B。
答案 B
