2020年高考英语复习专题：虚拟语气_第2页

　　二、精典名题

　　选择填空

　　1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.

　　A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken

　　解析：答案为C。本题考查的是as if 引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用were broken。

　　2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ___________, she would have met my brother.

　　A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come

　　解析：答案为D。本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。

　　3. —If he ___________, he ________that food.

　　—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

　　A. was warned; would not take

　　B. had been warned; would not have taken

　　C. would be warned; had not taken

　　D. would have been warned; had not taken

　　解析：答案为B。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选B。

　　4. Mr.White at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.

　　A. should have arrived B. should arrive

　　C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving

　　解析：答案为A。本题考虚拟语气及责备的用法，全句意为：Mr.white 8:30(原本)应该到会的，但他没露面。全句谈的是过去的事，故应使用should have done结构，表原本该做而没做的事。

　　5.—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

　　—You her last week.

　　A. ought to tell B. would have told

　　C. must tell D. should have told

　　解析：答案为D。本题考查情态动词用法，should(ought to)have done表示说话人对发生的事性“责备”故选D。

　　6.—Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.

　　— Have you got the first prize in the competition?

　　A. What for? B. Thanks a lot.

　　C. Yes, I’d like to. D. Why not?

　　解析：答案为A。考语境及交际用语。前句建议：今晚咱们出去好好喝一顿吧。喝一顿应有个来由和原因，且多是为了庆祝某事，所以后句问：为何事(庆祝)?你是不是在竞赛中得了一等奖?这样才能表示后者惊讶、疑问和兴奋，what for：为何而做某事?其余均不合语境。