2019年12月英语四级真题与答案解析（第一套） _第4页

　　卷一 家庭观念

　　中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。过去四代同堂并不少见。由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正在改变。随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。

　　Family values in China are related to its cultural traditions. A big harmonious family used to be quite enviable to many. In the past, it was not uncommon to see a family of four generations living under one roof. And because of that, many young people continued to stay with their parents after marriage. Today, this tradition is changing. As housing conditions improve, more and more young couples choose to live separately from their parents, but the connection between them remains close. Many seniors still help look after their grandchildren and young couples also take time to visit their parents, especially during important festivals such as the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.

　　1.四世同堂

　　four generations under one roof four generations live together

　　过去四代同堂并不少见。

　　In the past, it was not uncommon to see a family of four generations living under one roof.

　　In the past, it was not uncommon to see four generations under one roof.

　　In the past, it was common to see that four generations live together.

　　2. 难句同意替换

　　和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。

　　A big harmonious family used to be quite enviable to many.

　　人们曾羡慕/渴望/希望拥有和睦的大家庭。

　　People used to wish for a big happy family.

　　本次翻译难度适中，其中卷二(家庭教育)难度偏低。

　　许多词在课堂上均出现过，如：春节(the Spring Festival)、中秋节(Mid-Autumn Festival)、繁荣(prosperity)，汉字(Chinese characters)。由于/随着……，越来越多的……。(With/As… a growing number of …)、不仅……而且……(not only…but also…)、……并不少见(It is not uncommon to see …)。

　　除此之外，一些难度较大的词也可以用到课上所讲的同义替换、解释等方法来处理：名牌大学(famous/renowned/reputable universities)，承载(显示，表达等，show, convey)，四代同堂(four generations live together)等。

　　其次，句型的处理方法也大多用到课上讲过的技巧处理。比如，长句往往可以截短进行翻译：“中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后，千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。”可以改写为“中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。” A feature in Chinese names is that people’s family names often come before their given names. For thousands of years, the father’s family names have been passed down through generations. 再比如，难句可同意替换后再翻译：“和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。”可以简化为“人们曾羡慕(或渴望/希望拥有)和睦(或快乐)的大家庭。”People used to wish to have a big happy family.

　　总之，只要课上所讲到的技巧大家都熟练掌握了，翻译部分得到12分左右应该是没有问题的。而要追求近乎满分的话，则对考生的中英文功底都会有较大的挑战。