2018年大学英语四级翻译试题库：八旗制度

　　请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

　　八旗制度

　　八旗制度是努尔哈赤在统一女真过程中在氏族制基础上发展起来的一种军政合一制度。努尔哈赤将所辖的军民编成八旗(初设有四旗，分别以黄、红、蓝、白四个颜色的旗帜作为标志。后来又增设四旗，黄、白、蓝旗镶红边，红旗镶白边，即以镶黄、镶红，镶蓝、镶白的旗帜为标志，合称八旗)。

　　参考译文

　　Eight Banners System

　　The Eight Banners system, established on the basis of the clan system, was an administrative and military system developed by Nurhaci. Nurhaci united the fragmented Jurchen people by grouping his subjects, civilians and soldiers, into eight banners. Initially, there were only four banners, which were named after their flag colors: yellow, red, blue, and white. Later on four banners were added with bordered banners as their symbols. These flags all had red borders, except the bordered red banner, which had a white border.

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