2017年6月英语四级模拟冲刺试卷（第一套）_第2页

　　【答案解析】

　　1.【解析】[Y]根据第一段。

　　2. 【解析】[Y]根据earthquakes strikes in gap 的第一段判断。

　　3. 【解析】[Y]根据gaps used to predict quakes 中的最后一段最后一句判断正确。

　　4.【解析】[N]根据第十二段，Cows broke their halters and tried to escape. 并没有交代ran away from their sheds。

　　5. 【解析】[N]这里的cat 指的是cougar。

　　6. 【解析】[N]根据第十四段最后三句话，我们可以得出，并不是所有的动物都能感受到的。

　　7.【解析】[Y]参看第十五段。

　　8. 【解析】east根据第三段，But none had occurred in one particular spot east of Naples for many years。

　　9. 【解析】the seismic gap根据第七段，Finally, after about 50 years, rock in the seismic gap either suddenly breaks or moves under the great stress。

　　10. 【解析】the danger zone/the prospective quake zone根据第十四段，They moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives. 如果能写出the prospective quake zone 也是可以的。

　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage。

　　What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 47 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 48 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity. Perhaps the 49 to this ambivalence lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 50 ways of doing it。

　　The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 51 by imports-pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles。

　　Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 52 。

　　But strong opinions have not brought 53 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 54 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain。

　　The 55 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness.It’s no coincidence,then,that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).It’s what we eat—and how we 56 it with friends。

　　[A]answer[B]result[C]share[D]guilty

　　[E]constant[F]defined[G]vanish[H]adapted

　　[I]creative[J]belief[K]suspicious[L]certainty

　　[M]obsessed[N]identify[O]ideals

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage。

　　It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife。

　　The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace。” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position。

　　57.Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to_________。

　　[A]give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property

　　[B]help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family

　　[C]protect a woman against the risk of desertion

　　[D]both A and C

　　58.According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage was__________。

　　[A]higher than that of a single woman

　　[B]higher than that of her husband

　　[C]lower than that of her husband

　　[D]the same as that of her husband

　　59. Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas?

　　[A]To show that the wife shared in the management of her husband?s personal property。

　　[B]To show that the wife can defend her own inheritance。

　　[C]To prove that women have powerful position。

　　[D]To illustrate how women win her property。

　　60.The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is____________。

　　[A]some of the land Miro had inherited

　　[B]a tenth of Miro’s land

　　[C]money for household expenses

　　[D]money form Miro’s inheritance

　　61. The author’s attitude towards Maria Vivas is_____________。

　　[A]sympathetic[B]disapproval [C]indifferent [D]objective

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage。

　　According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment。

　　Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group。

　　Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them。

　　Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the groups goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting cet4v.com enjoy a more distant respect。

　　62. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　[A]The problems faced by leaders。

　　[B]How leadership differs in small and large groups。

　　[C]How social groups determine who will lead them。

　　[D]The role of leaders in social groups。

　　63.The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT_____________。

　　[A]recruitment

　　[B]formal election process

　　[C]specific leadership training

　　[D]traditional cultural patterns

　　64. Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

　　[A]A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group。

　　[B]Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person。

　　[C]A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership。

　　[D]Most people desire to cet4v.com can produce little evidence of their qualifications。

　　65. In mentioning “natural leaders” in Line 7, the author is making the point that____________。

　　[A]few people qualify as “natural leaders”

　　[B]there is no proof that “natural leaders” exist

　　[C]“natural leaders” are easily accepted by the members of a group

　　[D]“natural leaders” share a similar set of characteristics

　　66. The passage indicates cet4v.com leaders generally focus on___________。

　　[A]ensuring harmonious relationships

　　[B]sharing responsibility with group members

　　[C]identifying new leaders

　　[D]achieving a goal

　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

　　Section A

　　【全文翻译】

　　美国人如何看待食物呢我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要最好的，但是却热衷于享受垃圾食品;我们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥胖却又空前地在蔓延。也许，这种矛盾源于我们的历史。cet4v.com陆的欧洲人是为了寻找新的香料，但却一无所获;首种经济作物不是用来吃的，而是用来吸得。那时，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。

　　移民的经历也与此有内在的关系。入乡随俗意味着要吃“典型的美国人”的饮食，但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。美国最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。

　　无论是在波士顿倾茶事件中，还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中，食物都曾被用来作为界定斗争的一种手段，这也许是不足为奇的。无论是出于宗教原因而戒酒，还是由于政治避难而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。

　　但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的。美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的。我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们的成分时。

　　对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的想象力束缚在食物之中，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是偶然的。