2016年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（五）_第7页

　　Key to Model Test Two

　　Part I Writing

　　【写作思路】

　　本文要求写一篇针对吸烟问题的议论文。要求写出赞同禁止吸烟、反对禁止吸烟以及自己对

　　待这个问题的看法。

　　【参考范文】

　　Should Smoking Be Completely Banned?

　　Some people maintain that smoking should be completely banned. In their opinions,smoking is harmful not only to the smokers but also to the people around. Moreover,

　　smoking is a waste of money. When one smokes a cigarette, he/she is actually burning money.

　　Other people do not agree. They believe that smoking helps to sharpen one’s mind and prevents one from sleeping. And smoking does not seem to shorten one’s life

　　since many people who smoke live a long life. Also the government gets a lot of money from cigarette taxes.

　　In my view, everyone has the right to choose his/her own way of life, but one does not have the right to impose his/her way of life on other people. So smoking in public places should be banned but in some areas it can be allowed.

　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

　　【全文翻译】

　　我们都是太空游客。但是直到如今，我们仍然离家很近。总有一天，我们会离开我们的“母亲船”——地球——在一些星球上安家落户。

　　现在，一个直径大约8,000 英里的巨大球形“宇宙飞船”正飞驰在太阳系中。其巡航速度简直不可思议，每小时达66,600 英里。它不是《星球大战》中的母亲船这样的庞然大物，而是地球这艘太空船，上面载有40 亿人。这艘由水覆盖的太空飞船一直在宇宙中遨游了大约50 亿年。然而，就在过去的25 年里，有一些乘客摆脱了地球的重力。今后25 年，许多人，包括你，可能会生活在一个距离地球200 英里的轨道空间站上。空间城市科学家们已经设计出特殊的空间工厂。这些工厂将充分利用无重力(零重力状态)来制造从挽救生命的药物到完美的滚珠轴承的任何东西。其他科学家也设计出拥有农场、学校和人造昼夜的太空居民区。成百上千、甚至成千上万的人将会在这些远离地球的太空居民区生活、工作和玩耍。当然我们对太空的征服已经开始了。我们已经登上了月球，把机器人宇宙飞船送上了金星和火星，展开了对木星和土星的空间探测。去年6 月，先锋10 号机器人飞船飞出了太阳系，苏联和美国的宇航员也居住在了空间站。毫无疑问，征服太空是人类着手进行的最伟大的历险之一，但它远不止是一个伟大的历险。科学家们认为，征服太空可能是人类生存的需要。为了获得工业原料，我们对地球造成越来越多的坏。在生产我们所需或想要的产品时，我们污染了空气和水。几乎所有一切看起来使我们的生活更舒适的东西，从电能到杀虫剂，都部分地消耗或改变了地球的自然环境。为什么要进入太空?我们的太阳系资源丰富。月球上储藏着大量的贵重金属，位于火星和木星之间的大多数小行星也如此。这些小行星类似行星，围绕着太阳旋转，体积小、岩石多。如果我们能获得这些金属，可以用它们来制造工厂和空间站。此外，太空中没有能过滤太阳能的空气，可以把丰富的太阳能转变成电能并用于生产，从而创造舒适的生活条件。远离地球还有其他一些优点。现代工业使用多种金属合金(符合特定目的而比纯金属更好的金属混合物)，但是受地心引力的作用，有些金属合金或者不能在地球上制造，或者价格非常昂贵。例如，某些金属在地球上不能融合。但是，在零重力状态下，熔化的(热的、液态的)金属融合的更均匀，原因是没有使较重金属下沉而较轻金属上浮的重力。此外，我们可以从太空中俯视地球，究大气、天气和空气污染带来的影响。再者，我们未来远离地球的家不存在需要挣脱的强大重力，所以我们去遥远行星的旅游将变得很方便。虽然进住太空可能会解决一些问题，但是外层空间也可能会是一个危险的地方。例如，在外层空间中，我们必须保护自己免受紫外线和宇宙射线的危险。虽然阳光中的紫外线会使我们遭受严重的日光灼伤，但是地球上的大气却可以遮挡大部分的这种有害辐射。而且，地球还可以保护我们避免遭受大部分来自外层空间的高能微粒这些宇宙射线的伤害。无拘无束的太空?如果在太空中没有特殊的保护，我们会暴露在更强的紫外线和宇宙射线的辐射中。同时，在零重力的外层空间，我们的骨头会因为失钙而变得更加脆弱。人们在太空中待的时间越久，这个问题就越严重。医生们正在研究一种方法，以避免我们骨头中的钙在外层空间丢失。在小宇宙飞船中坐一会儿可能“让你抓狂”。在外层空间，即使是短暂的旅行，你也可能感觉不像想象的那样舒服，太空旅行能让你晕船!然而，这些风险不会阻止人们进入太空。人们最终将会在太空建立起跟地球一样的空间环境，其中居住着许多人，他们有不同的兴趣领域，例如医药、建筑、农业、教学和矿山等等。未来的百年间将充满历险、令人兴奋的科学发明和危险，人类也将离开地球——可能永远地。

　　空间的年龄计算

　　假设一个太空旅行者的速度是每秒186,200 英里，那么他每过1 小时，就等同于地球上的30 小时。如果他以这种方式(及时加速)旅游一年，然后以同样的速度(及时加速)转身返回，他会发现，自己看来好像旅游了两年，但地球上的人声称他已经离开了三十年。假设这个太空旅行者是在30 岁时离开地球的，当时留下了一个年龄30 岁的孪生兄弟。当他年满32 岁回来的时候，其待在家里的孪生兄弟却60 岁了。这就是为什么“时钟佯谬”有时也被称为“孪生佯谬”的原因。当然，要加速到一定的高速度需要相当长的一段时间，要掉头并再次转回来也需要很长的一段时间，所以情况并不像描述的那么简单。

　　【答案解析】

　　1.【解析】[C]属细节推断题。根据题干的意思，本文中提到的巨大的球形宇宙飞船是指什么?根据本文第一个小标题下的第二段首句“A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about8,000 miles...”和第三段的首句“It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother ship. It’s spaceship Earth...”，其中的“it”指代的就是“a giant, spherical ‘spaceship’”，由此可以知道C 项是正确答案。其他选项虽然在文中均有提及，但都不是该题的正确答案。

　　2.【解析】[B]属细节推断题。题干中的past 25 years 是关键词，直接定位到第一个小标题下第三段的最后一句话“Only within the past 25 years, ... its passengers brokenfree of Earth’s gravity”。通过比较可知，该题干是对原句的改写，答案应该是B，可以直接选择。其他选项原文中都有提及，但是与该题均无关，不是正确答案。

　　3.【解析】[C]属同义转换题，注意本是一种排除性选择题。分析题干，本题考查人类还没有征服或者探索过的空间;或者，根据题支中的四个备选项，可以将该题的答案定位在小标题“Space Cities”下的第三段的最后一句话，“We have explored part of the Moon, sentrobot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes pastthe planets of Jupiter and Saturn”，可知C 是正确答案。其他选项文中均有提及，都是人类已经征服或者探索过的空间，不是正确答案。

　　4.【解析】[B]属同义转换题。根据题干中关键词“more than a great adventure”，可以将答案锁定在文章小标题“Space Cities”下的第五段的最后两句话，“... more than a greatadventure... may be a necessity for survival of the human species”。其中，第二句是对第一句的解释，而题支B 正是该句的同义互换，所以答案选B 项。其他选项在文中均未提及。

　　5.【解析】[C]属细节推断题。题干中 是“asteroids” 关键词，答案可以锁定在文章小标题“Why Go into Space”之下的第一段的第二、三句话“The moon is chockfull of valuablemetals. So are the asteroids...”。其so”表示后面与前句话的内容相同。题干对这两句话做了综合，并进行了同义互换，经推断可知C 是正确答案。答案A 文中没有提及，答案B 和D 均与题干要求不符。

　　6.【解析】[A]属同义转换题。根据题干中关键词“ultraviolet light”，答案可以锁定在文章小标题“Why Go into Space”下的最后一段的倒数第三、四句话，“Ultraviolet lightfrom the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earth’s atmospherescreens out most of that harmful radiation”这与选项A 的意思一致，所以答案选A项。选项B 本身就是错误的，选项C 和D 在文中均没有提及。

　　7.【解析】[C]属同义转换题。题干中的“risks”是关键词，可以将答案定位在“At Homein Space”这一小节下的第二段的前两句话，“Yet, these risks won’t keep people fromgoing into space. Eventually, an Earth like environment will be built in space”。题干是对这两句话的综合和同义互换，由此可知选项C 是正确答案。其他选项原文均未提及。

　　8.【解析】do not mix well 根据Why Go into Space 中的第二段的第三、四句话，可以得到我们所需要的答案。

　　9.【解析】electricity for manufacturing 根据Why Go into Space 的第一段得出该题目答案。

　　10.【解析】the losing of calcium 根据At Home in Space 第一段第四句话找出题目所需要的答案。也可以写为the loss of calcium。

　　Part III Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　11.W:It’s high time we increased our supplies of football equipment. Volleyballand tennis are both out of fashion.

　　M:I couldn’t agree more.

　　Q:Which should they increase?

　　【解析】[C] 女士说是时候该增加足球设备的供应了，排球和网球都过时了。男士说我再同意不过了。本题关键是听懂It’s high time 和out of fashion 这两个固定短语。

　　12.W:John, do you want to go swimming with me today?

　　M:Sure, but I can’t leave now. I have an appointment with my professor at 3 o’ clock.

　　Q:Why can’t John go swimming now?

　　【解析】[A] 男士说他三点与他的老师有个会面。I have an appointment with my professor at 3 o’clock.从这句可以得出答案。

　　13.M:Is this school really as good as people say?

　　W:It used to be even better.

　　Q:How’s the school?

　　【解析】[A] 男士问这座学校真的像人们说的那样好么。女士回答说它过去更好些。因此，即是说这座学校不如过去好了，从这得出对这座学校的评价。

　　14. W:Did you watch the game yesterday?

　　M:I wanted to, but Marie was watching a movie on Channel 5, so I watched it with her.You know Marie, she can’t stand football.

　　Q:Why didn’t the man watch the game?

　　【解析】[D]本题关键在于听出玛丽亚受不了足球这句 You know Maria, she can’t stand

　　football.因此，男士虽然本想看球赛的，但是玛丽亚在看五频道的一个电影，他就跟她一

　　起看了那个电影。

　　15.M:Good morning, I’m Jim Green. My father asked me to come over and see you about a vacation job.

　　W:Oh, come in, Jim. I haven’t seen you for ages. I hear you’re at the university now.

　　Q: What does Jim want?

　　【解析】[A] 男士说他父亲叫他来这儿问关于一个假期工作的事。女士说她很久都没见到他了，她听说他现在上大学呢。这个叫吉姆的男士还是学生，他想找个假期的兼职做。因此，他想找的是一份暂时的工作。

　　16.M:Could you describe the two people who robbed the bank?

　　W:Well, the man was tall with dark hair and he was wearing a black sweater. The main thing that I remembered about the woman was that she did most of the talking.

　　Q:What do you learn from this conversation?

　　【解析】[A] 男士问能否形容一下抢劫银行的两个人的外貌。女士说那个男的个子高，深色头发，穿一件黑色毛衣，关于那个女的主要就是抢劫时她说的话比较多。The main thingthat I remembered about the woman was that she did most of the talking.从这句中可以得出答案。

　　17.M:Is that nice ?looking straw hat light and strong?

　　W:Yes, you can wear it rain or shine.

　　Q: What are they talking about?

　　【解析】[D] 这句关键在于听出nice ?looking straw hat 一顶非常好看的草帽，可以得出两人讨论的是一顶好看的帽子lovely hat。

　　18.W:How long will it take you to fix my watch?

　　M:I’ll call you when it’s ready. But it shouldn’t take longer than a week.

　　Q:What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

　　【解析】[D] 女士问修好我的手表要多长时间，男士说修好的时候他会打电话给她，但是不会花一个多星期的时间。从这个对话里可以看出说话者之间是顾客和修表人之间的关系。

　　Now you’ll hear two long conversations.

　　Conversation One

　　W: Hello, Gary. How’re you?

　　M: Fine! And yourself?

　　W:Can’t complain. Did you have time to look at my proposal?

　　M: No, not really. Can we go over it now?

　　W:Sure.I’ve been trying to come up with some new production and advertisingstrategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize ourfactory. New equipment should have been installed long ago.

　　M: How much will that cost?

　　W:We have several options ranging from one hundred thousand dollars all the way up to half a million.

　　M:OK.We’ll have to discuss these costs with finance.

　　W: We should also consider human resources. I’ve been talking to personnel as well as our staff at the factory.

　　M: And what’s the picture?

　　W:We’ll probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.

　　M: What about advertising?

　　W: Marketing has some interesting ideas for television commercials.

　　M:TV? Isn’t that a bit too expensive for us? What’s wrong with advertising in the papers, as usual?

　　W:Quite frankly, it’s just not enough anymore.We need to be more aggressive in order to keep ahead of our competitors.

　　M: Will we be able to afford all this?

　　W:I’ll look into it, but I think higher costs will be justified.These investments will result in higher profits for our company.

　　M:We’ll have to look at the figures more closely.Have finance draw up a budget for these investments.

　　W: All right.I’ll see to it.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. What are the two speakers talking about?

　　【解析】[D] 女士问Did you have time to look at my proposal? 你有时间看看我的建议么。听完全文，可见是一个关于新的商业计划的提案，因此正确答案是Suggestions concerning new business strategies.

　　20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?

　　【解析】[B] 女士说New equipment should have been installed long ago.即早就该给工厂装新的设备了。所以正确答案为工厂应该引进最新的设备。

　　21.What does the woman suggest about human resources?

　　【解析】[B]女士说We’ll probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help usmodernize the factory.女士建议雇用一些工程师帮助实现工厂的现代化。所以正确答案应是B项：A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.

　　22. Why does the woman suggest advertising on TV?

　　【解析】[C] 从女士的话it’s just not enough anymore.We need to be more aggressivein order to keep ahead of our competitors 中可看出，仅仅在报纸上做广告是不够的了。

　　Conversation Two

　　W:Sir, you’ve been using the online catalogue for quite a while.Is there anything I can do to help you?

　　M:Well, I’ve got to write a paper about Hollywood in the 30s and 40s, and I’m reallystruggling.There are hundreds of books, and I just don’t know where to begin.

　　W:Your topic sounds pretty big.Why don ’ t you narrow it down to somethinglike...uh...the history of the studios during that time?

　　M:You know, I was thinking about doing that, but more that 30 books came up when

　　I typed in “movie studios.”

　　W:You could cut that down even further by listing the specific years you want.Tryadding “1930s” or “1940s” or maybe “Golden Age.”

　　M:“Golden Age” is a good idea.Let me type that in ...Hey, look, just 6 books thistime.That’s a lot better.

　　W:Oh...another thing you might consider...have you tried looking for any magazineor newspaper articles?

　　M: No, I’ve only been searching for books.

　　W:Well, you can look up magazine articles in the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.And we do have the Los Angeles Times available over there.You might go through their indexes to see if there’s anything you want.

　　M:Okay, I think I’ll get started with these books and then I’ll go over the magazines.

　　W:If you need any help, I’ll be over at the Reference Desk.

　　M: Great, thanks a lot.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　23.What is the man doing?

　　【解析】[A] 男士准备写一篇关于20 世纪三、四十年代好莱坞电影的论文，他现在正在检索所需要的参考书，所以答案是“他在搜寻参考材料”。

　　24. What does the librarian think of the topic the man is working on?

　　【解析】[A] 此题关键在于听出女士，即这位图书馆员说：Your topic sounds pretty big.Why don’t you narrow it 她认为这位男士的题目太大，因此答案应为It’s too broad to cope with.

　　25. Where can the man find the relevant magazine articles?【解析】[D] 本题在听力原文中可直接找出答案。女图书馆员说Well, you can look up magazine articles in the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.因此男士可以在Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature 找到相关的杂志文章。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　There are many reasons why family life in Britain has changed so much in the lastfifty years.The liberation of women in the early part of the twentieth century andthe social and economic effects of World War II had a great impact on traditional family life.Women became essential to industry and the professions.During the war they had worked in factories and proved their worth, now, with the loss of millions of men, their services were indispensable to the nation.

　　More recently, great advances in scientific knowledge, and particularly in medicine,have had enormous social consequences.Children are better cared for and are far healthier.Infant death rate is low.Above all, parents can now plan the size of their family if they wish through more effective means of birth control.

　　Different attitudes to religion, authority and tradition generally have also greatly contributed to changes in family life.But these developments have affected all aspects of society.It is particularly interesting to note that the concept of “the family” as a social unit has survived all these challenges.

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26.What is this passage mainly about?【解析】[D] 短文第一句就点出了文章的主旨，There are many reasons why family life in Britain has changed so much in the last fifty years.即主要讲了英国家庭生活变化的诸多原因。

　　27.Why did British women become indispensable to industry after World War II?

　　【解析】[A] 为什么英国妇女二战之后在工业上起着不可或缺的作用?During the war theyhad worked in factories and proved their worth, now, with the loss of millions ofmen, their services were indispensable to the nation.从这两句话中可得出答案，由于战争中成千上万的男子牺牲了，因此女子必须承担起劳动的重任。

　　28.What remained unchanged in spite of all the challenges in family life?【解析】[A] 虽然文中花了大量篇幅介绍英国人家庭生活变化的种种原因。但本题的答案出现在文章最后一句，即It is particularly interesting to note that the concept of “thefamily” as a social unit has survived all these challenges.

　　Passage Two

　　In the next few decades people are going to travel very differently from the way they do today.Everyone is going to drive electrically powered cars.So in a few yearspeople won’t worry about running out of gas.Some of the large automobile companies are really moving ahead with this newtechnology.F & C Motors, a major auto company, for example, is holding a pressconference next week.At the press conference the company will present its new,electronically operated models.

　　Transportation in the future won’t be limited to the ground.Many people predict that traffic will quickly move to the sky.In the coming years, instead of radio reports about road conditions and highway traffic, news reports will talk about traffic jams in the sky.

　　But the sky isn’t the limit.In the future, you’ll probably even be able to take a trip to the moon. Instead of listening to regular airplane announcements, you’ll hear someone say, “The spacecraft to the moon leaves in ten minutes.Please check your equipment.And remember, no more than ten ounces of carry ?on baggage are allowed.”

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　29.What will be used to power cars in the next few decades?

　　【解析】[D] 以后的数十年汽车用什么作能源，Everyone is going to drive electrically powered cars.每个人都将用上电力驱动的车，因此将用电作能源。

　　30.What will future news reports focus on when talking about transportation?

　　【解析】[A]本题也可在听力材料中直接听出答案。In the coming years, instead of radio reports about road conditions and highway traffic, news reports will talk about traffic jams in the sky.未来的新闻报道在谈到交通状况时将主要报道空中的交通状况。

　　31. What is the special requirement for passengers traveling to the moon?

　　【解析】[B] 从短文最后的announcement 提醒去往月球旅行的乘客：And remember, no morethan ten ounces of carry ?on baggage are allowed，只能带不超过十盎司的随身行李，因此，对于去月球旅行的旅客的特殊要求就是Take little luggage with them.

　　Passage Three

　　My parents ran a small restaurant.The restaurant was open 24 hours a day, seven days a week.And my first job when I was six years old was shining shoes for customers.My duties increased as I grew older.By age ten I was clearing tables and washing plates.My father made it clear that I had to meet certain standards.I had to be ontime, hard ?working and polite to the customers.I was never paid for any work I did.One day I made a mistake of telling Dad I thought he should give me 10 pounds a week.He said, “OK, then how about you paying me for the three meals a day when you eat here and for the times you bring in your friends for free drinks.” He figured I owed him about 40 pounds a week.This taught me quite a lot.

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　32. What was the speaker’s job before he was 10 years old?

　　【解析】[C]男孩的工作就是给顾客擦皮鞋。

　　33.What was one of the requirements laid down by the boy’s father?

　　【解析】[B]从这一句I had to be on time 中可知他工作不能迟到。

　　34.What did the boy ask his father to do one day?

　　【解析】A 男孩认为爸爸应该付他工钱I thought he should give me 10 pounds a week.

　　35.Why did the boy’s father refuse to pay him?

　　【解析】[D] 因为父亲认为 it was his son who should pay him。

　　Section C

　　36.【答案】medical

　　【解析】medical 意为“医学的”。纵观全文可知此处应填medical，美国人对本国所达到的医学成就倍感骄傲。

　　37. 【答案】prevention

　　【解析】prevention 意为“预防、防止”。医学家已经发现预防和治疗脑灰质炎以及肺结核的方法。

　　38. 【答案】cancer

　　【解析】cancer 意为“癌症”。他们对癌症和心脏病做了大量研究。

　　39. 【答案】equipped

　　【解析】equip 意为“装备、配备”。美国的医院是最现代化的，配备有世界上最好的医疗设备。

　　40. 【答案】national

　　【解析】national 意为“国家的”。美国有一个全民健康计划。

　　41. 【答案】available

　　【解析】available 意为“可用到的，可利用的”。为了这个全民健康目的美国有许多项目计划。

　　42.【答案】sum

　　【解析】sum 意为“一笔(金额)”a sum of money 是固定搭配。公司定期付一笔款项到这个基金里。

　　43. 【答案】employee

　　【解析】employee 意为“职员、雇员”。当职员需要就医，他可以从这个基金里拿钱付医疗费用。

　　44.【答案】They pay insurance premiums each month to insurance companies which then pay for medical expenses when they are needed

　　45.【答案】People regularly pay the hospital directly

　　46. 【答案】The government has health insurance programs for older people, poor people and those with long term illness