2015年6月英语四级备考冲刺热身模拟试卷（一）_第5页

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or wirte down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

　　We have been discussing how a computer works. Now let us turn to another (36) : What are the uses of a computer? Many laymen have an (37) picture of what computers are capable of Sometimes computers are called "electronic brains "and this is (38) because no computer so far built can (39) with the human brain in all respects. Let us take a look at the (40) of computers in commerce and industry. Firstly, clerical work. Computers are very good for (41) repetitive clerical work efficiently. We can take two examples of this. The first is the (42) use of computers in handling payrolls, that is, paying employees. With details about each employee in it, the computer can make necessary (43) and print out a pay slip. (44) .Secondly, the use of computers in information systems.(45) . The main computer store for British Airways Boadicea system has a constant record of the details of every flight. Thirdly, the computer as an aid to design planning. The example has to do with predicting the cost of a design if one were planning to build a road. (46) .This information can be fed into a computer and the computer can be programmed to work out the cheapest route between two points.

　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　A department store’s inputs include the land upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (47) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a farmer’s (48) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (49) ______ from industry to industry, but it is an (50) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (51) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (52) ______ utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process.

　　However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption (fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (53) ______ problems inherent in the conversion process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors all affect output quality (54)______. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (55) _____ variation becomes a major management task.

　　The function of the feedback is to provide (56) ______ linkages. Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.

　　A) offer

　　B) capital

　　C) medium

　　D)difficult

　　E) varies

　　F) differently

　　G) proposal

　　H) transformation I) beautifully

　　J) economic

　　K) reducing

　　L) internal

　　M) inputs

　　N) afford

　　O) information

　　Section B

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.

　　Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.

　　That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.

　　57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.

　　A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.

　　B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.

　　C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.

　　D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.

　　58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries are ________.

　　A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilized

　　B) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.

　　C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.

　　D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.

　　59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that ________.

　　A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.

　　B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.

　　C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.

　　D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.

　　60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.

　　A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.

　　B) our age is not much better than those of the past.

　　C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.

　　D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.

　　61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.

　　A) War and World Peace

　　B) Creators of Civilization

　　C) Civilization and History

　　D) Who Should Be Remembered