And the reason is, the private firms cannot always capture the benefit from doing research themselves, so they will invest less than society needs them to do (1), The second reason is environmental externalities, such as air quality, er, deterioration, water pollution, or climate change. Again, that is a social problem. The private firms on their own will not tackle. So government needs to intervene to include this cost into economic decisions (2) through mechanism like carbon pricing, er, pollution fees and so on (3).
参考译文:
原因是,私营企业不能总是从自主研究中获得利润,所以他们在这方面的投资较少,而社会却需要在这方面更多的投资。第二个原因是环境外部性问题,例如空气质量退化、水污染或者气候变化,这是一个社会问题,而私营企业自己无法解决,所以政府需要干预,把这项开支纳入其经济决策中,通过一些特定机制,如碳定价,或收取污染费等方式解决。
【口译培训】技能提示:
(1)此处需重组句子,将词组less than前后分开表达:“他们(在这方面)的投资较少,而社会却需要他们有更多(的投资)"
(2)to intervene to include中两个动词在译文中可以分开表达:……需要干预,将……纳入……。
(3)状语结构可转换成独立的语句并添上缺失的成分,以解决中文状语不能后置而带来的困难:通过……来解问题。
Passage 5
OK, here we have uh. in fact the uh different time scale. So the REACH timeline covers the next ten years to June 2018. Um…Registration can be completed over a period of time or phase-in depending on the tonnage (1). You can see that the smallest tonnage band of 1-100 tons per annum (2), the deadline for registration is in fact June of 2018. However, the most important step is pre-registration that occurs this year (3). The phase-in period only applies for those companies in U... EU that have pre-registered their substances. Without pre-registering your substances, the deadline is... actually ends on December 1st of this year. If you have not pre-regis-tered your substances,, done so through an Only Representative or your importer, you will no longer be able to export your products to the EU.
参考译文:
这里,我们实际上设置了不同的登记时间段。REACH执行的时间轴稷盖了今 后的十年,一直到2018年6月。登记这一步骤可以在这十年过渡期中完成,具体的截止时间取决于交易的总吨位。大家可以看到最小的吨位范围是每年 1-100吨,相应的登记截止日期实际上是2018年的6月。但是,最重要的步骤是今年就要完成的预登记。所谓的过渡期仅适用于那些已经预登记的欧盟公司。没有预登记自己的产品物质的话,登记的最后期限实际上是今年的12月1日。如果在座的各位还没有预登记你们的产品物质,请通过一个唯一代表或是你的进口商来预登记,否则你们将不能再出口产品到欧盟。
【口译培训】技能提示:
(1)典型的英文被动句,翻译中应转换成主动句。
(2)此处转换成独立的句子会使翻译轻松不少,最小的吨位級别是1-100吨每年。
(3)中文中没有定语后置的习惯,因此,应将that后面的定语放到pre-registration前。而直译“今年发生的预登记”并不符合中文表达习惯,可将这个名词性词组转换成句子:今年要完成预登记。
passage 6
Your importer can pre-register. And, he, that way, you can continue to export during the phase-in period, which again according to your tonnage band can go up to 2018 (1). Your importer will also enter the SIEF, which is the information exchange forum. And you have no obligations should you decide to stop exporting to Europe to uh register (2). But you must pre-register if you do intend or you think you may be interested in continuing to export to Europe. Most importantly, pre-registration is free of charge. Free (3)!
参考译文:
你们的进口商可以进行预登记。这样一来,你们就可以继续向欧盟出口,在过渡期间都还可以,当然登记的最府期限还是取决于你们的吨位范围,最迟可以到2018年。你们的进口商还会加入SIEF,也就是物质信息交流论坛。你们如果决定停止向欧盟国家出口,你们就没有义务去登记。但是你必须预登记,如果你打算或是你认为可能会继续向欧盟国家出口。最重要的是,预登记是免费的。完全免费!
【口译培训】技能提示
(1)可将这个从句切分成独立的短句并添加缺失的主语,使之流畅:登记的最后期限还是取决与你们的吨位范围,最迟可以到2018年。
(2)此处翻译时需调整语序,将to register提到假设句之前;若不更改语序,也可在句末重复“no obligations to register (没有义务去登记)”。
(3)英文中往往重复单个单词以达到强调的目的,而中文常常通过修饰来进行强调。因此,此处翻译时可加上副词“完全”以突出效果。
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