If the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) thinks it can largely curtail the nation’s terrorism problems by focusing on college students, we all should worry. Identification cards already are required here for most persons to enter their workplace, take an airplane flight or go into a public building, including my campus library. The idea of a national ID, however, was locked out of earlier drafts of legislation by a coalition of civil rights and ethnic groups, who opposed a requirement that all non-citizens carry identifying documents. In some degree, they have a point. We must fact the fact --- and benefit from realizing – that no one can drive, or fly, or enter many private and public buildings without a picture ID, usually a driver’s license or passport. That means that practically all Americans already must have what in effect is a national ID card. We already routinely screen people. If we would just make good use of the national ID cards we have ---and improve them—we could enhance our safety, avoid discrimination and not spend millions on another system.
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如果移民归化局认为，它能够通过对大学生进行重点管理，大体上减少在美国的恐怖主义活动，我们大家都应当为此担心。在美国，现在大多数人进入工作场所，乘飞机或进入公共大楼，包括我所在大学的图书馆，已经需出示身份证。然而，持自由论观点的民众和少数民族反对一切非美国公民必须随身携带身份证的规定，他们结成联盟，推翻了立法的最初几次草案中关于实施全国统一身份证的主张。在某种程度上，他们是有道理的。我们必须面对这一事实，并因认识到这一事实而获益，即每一个人驾车、乘飞机或进入许多私人大楼或公共大楼，都必须出示有照片的身份证，通常是驾驶执照或护照。 这意味着，实际上所有美国人早就必须持有事实上的全国通用的身份证。对人们进行检查，在我们这里早就是家常便饭。只要好好使用大家已持有的全国通用的身份证，并加以改进，就可以增强安全，避免歧视，而不必在另一个系统花上数百万美元。
分析：
① If the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) thinks it can largely curtail the nation’s
terrorism problems by focusing on college students, we all should worry.
▲ 如果移民归化局认为，它能够通过对大学生进行重点管理，大体上减少在美国的恐怖主义活动，我们大
家都应当为此担心。
Immigration and Naturalization Service→ 移民归化局
service 在前面已经提过，表示一个机构。 Naturalization 不解释为“自然化”，此涵义考生可能比较模
糊，其动词 naturalize 表示 make (sb. from another country) a citizen (of the specified country) 使
加 入 …… 国籍;使成为 …… 国/公民;使归化。
意译： focus on→ 将注意力集中在(直译)→ 对 …… 进行重点管理(意译)problem→ 问题(直译)→ 活动(意译)
② Identification cards already are required here for most persons to enter their workplace, take an
airplane flight or go into a public building, including my campus library.
▲ 在美国，现在大多数人进入工作场所，乘飞机或进入公共大楼，包括我所在大学的图书馆，已经需要出
示身份证。
转态译法：被主交换： Identification cards already are required→ 已经需要出示身份证
换序译法： Identification cards already are required 在最后翻译
③⑷ The idea of a national ID, however, ⑶ was locked out of earlier drafts of legislation by ⑴ a
coalition of civil rights and ethnic groups, ⑵ (who opposed a requirement that all non-citizens
carry identifying documents).
▲ 然而，持自由论观点的民众和少数民族反对一切非美国公民必须随身携带身份证的规定，他们结成联盟，
推翻了立法的最初几次草案中关于实施全国统一身份证的主张。
换序译法：翻译顺序如上句所示： ⑴⑵⑶⑷
定语从句的翻译：省略法
同位语从句的翻译： requirement that all non-citizens carry identifying documents 中 that 引导的
是一句同位语从句，表示 requirement 的内容。
转态译法：被主交换： was locked out of→ 推翻
转性译法：名词 → 动词 coalition→ 结成联盟
④ In some degree, they have a point.
▲ 在某种程度上，他们是有道理的。
“在某种程度上”一般可以翻译成 to a certain extent, to some extent, in some degree 等
⑤ We must fact the fact --- and benefit from realizing – that no one can drive, or fly, or enter many
private and public buildings without a picture ID, usually a driver’s license or passport.
▲ 我们必须面对这一事实，并因认识到这一事实而获益，即每一个人驾车、乘飞机或进入许多私人大楼或
公共大楼，都必须出示有照片的身份证，通常是驾驶执照或护照。
同位语从句的翻译： We must face the fact…that
正反译法：双重否定 no one can…without→ 每一个人都必须 ……
picture 在这里解释为“照片”，比如说 take pictures→ 拍照片
⑥ That means that practically all Americans already must have (what in effect is a national ID card).
▲ 这意味着，实际上所有美国人早就必须持有事实上的全国通用的身份证。
定语从句的翻译：省略法 have what in effect is a national ID card→ 持有事实上的全国通用的身份
证，这里 what 相当于 sth. that
⑦ We already routinely screen people.
▲ 对人们进行甄别，在我们这儿早就是例行公事。
▲ 对人们进行检查，在我们这里早就是家常便饭。
screen 作动词请考生掌握以下两大重要意思：
⑴ to examine (a job applicant, for example) systematically in order to determine suitability
eg. The applications were carefully screened in case any of them contained false information.
对申请书进行了仔细检查，以防止弄虚作假。
eg. Government employees are often screened by the security services.
政府雇员经常受到保安部门甄别。
⑵ to test or examine for the presence of disease or infection
eg. screen blood for the presence of a virus ; screen patients in an epidemic zone.
转性译法：副词 → 名词 routinely→ 例行公事;家常便饭
具体译法：成语法： routinely→ 家常便饭
⑧ If we would just make good use of the national ID cards (we have) --- and improve them—we could
enhance our safety, avoid discrimination and not spend millions on another system.
▲ 只要好好使用大家已持有的全国通用的身份证，并加以改进，就可以增强安全，避免歧视，而不必在另
一个系统花上数百万美元。
定语从句的翻译：前置法
具体译法：加字法： millions→ 数百万美元美
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