2000年9月考题
TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficulty to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.
National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.
Conversely, the power of global business is growing with companies’ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
二、递增级和递减级
the more…the more：越……越……;愈……愈……
The more developed is industry, the more serious is environmental pollution.
译文：工业越发达，环境污染越严重。
more…, less…：越……，反而更……
More haste, less speed.
译文：欲速则不达。
最高级……最高级：越……越……;最……最……
He who smiles last smiles best.
译文：谁笑到最后，笑得最好。
all the+比较级：反而更……
He is suffering from insomnia. Hence, he usually takes overdose of methaqualone, and that is all the worse for his health.
译文：他患失眠症，因而时常服用过量的安眠酮，但这对他的健康，反而更加不利。
no less than：不但……而且……
He is no less proficient in astronomy than in geography.
译文：他不仅精通天文，而且精通地理。
more than：很……;……有余
He is more than a gentleman, who will give his seat to the elderly on the bus.
译文：他很绅士，在公交车上会给老年人让座。
三、否定性质的比较
比较级+than+原级：……有余而……不足;有……而无……
The commander is more brave than wise.
译文：司令官有勇无谋。
You are more cautious than decisive.
译文：你谨慎有余而果断不足。
比较级+of+名词+than+被比较的名词：与其说……不如说……
He is more of a strategist than a statesman.
译文：与其说他是一个政治家，不如说他是个战略家。
more than+名词：非……
His feeling is more than words can describe.
译文：他的感情非语言所能描绘。
more than+动词：毫不……
He more than hesitated to undertake this task and expressed his firm resolution to overfulfill it ahead of time.
译文：他毫不迟疑地承担了这项任务，而且表示决心，一定要提前超额完成。
否定词+than(prep)：并不;并非
Through his lack of experience, he is no more skillful than Alice in practical operation.
译文：由于缺乏经验，他在实际操作方面，并不比艾丽丝熟练。
四、选择性比较和限制性比较
had better：最好……;以……为妙
You‘d better look before you leap.
译文：凡事要三思而后行。
prefer to…rather than…：宁可……不愿……;与其……不如……;宁……毋……
The hero preferred to die standing rather than live kneeling.
译文：这位英雄宁可站着死，不愿跪着生。
so/as far/long as：只要
So long as my lingering gasp lasts, I will never cease studying.
译文：只要我一息尚存，就要学习不止。
②Technology is creating a global economy (that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies.)
译文：科技正在创造一种全球经济，来迅速代替我们陈旧的国民经济体制。
考点：单独出现technology不要翻译成“技术”，最好翻译成“科技”。
定语从句：前置╳ 省略法★
具体译法：national economies→国民经济体制
③National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government (that might be able to control it).
译文：各国政府无法掌控新经济，也没有人想要建立能够掌控这种新经济的全球性政府机构/形式，就更别提美国人了//美国人就更不用说了。
考点：增词译法：governments→各国政府
比较级表否定：least of all: to an insignificant degree 最不
eg. Least of all would I lie to you. 我绝不会对你撒谎。
定语从句的翻译：前置法
④As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system.
译文：从而我们可能/似乎要生活在一个根本没有管理/无法掌控的经济体制中。
考点：were going to=would 表示假想的现在的动作或事件
eg. It would be a pity to miss the film. 要是赶不上电影就可惜了。
1) 与imagine，say，think各词连用表示偏爱
eg. I would be only too glad to help you. 我非常高兴能帮忙。
2) 用来评述特有的行为
eg. That’s just what he would say. 那正是他会说的话。
It would rain on the day we chose for a picnic. 我们选定野餐的那天偏要下雨。
3) 用于so that，in order that之后，以表示目的
eg. She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
她把那些信都烧了，这样她丈夫就永远看不到它们了。
⑤The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.
译文：抑制/遏制1997年亚洲经济灾难/崩溃所遇到的麻烦，只不过是我们可以预料到的溃堤蚁穴/麻烦的开始。
考点：meltdown: catastrophe 彻底垮台;灾难
具体译法：just the first of many such difficulties→溃堤蚁穴
⑥National governments, (which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems), are slowly being pushed out of business.
译文：过去常常为各自经济制度的管理和维系而殚精竭虑的各国政府，正渐渐地变得无所作为//正日渐没落。
考点：定语从句的翻译：前置法(如像参考文那样翻译，则主语削弱)
转型译法：动词→名词 manage→管理 maintain→维系
转态译法：被主交换 are slowly being pushed out of business→日渐没落
out of business→破产
⑦Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments.
译文一：世界上只有最大的几个政府才能在全球金融动荡中屹立不倒。
译文二：全球金融瞬息万变，唯一难不倒全球最大的几个政府。
考点：change不要翻成“变化”，因为“金融变化”搭配不好。
转性译法：名词→形容词 change→瞬息万变
正反译法：overwhelm→屹立不倒;难不倒(反译)
换序译法
⑧Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital.
译文：政府对信息和资本流动的影响已丧失大半/微乎其微。
⑨They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.
译文：无论是外人入境，或是文化入侵，政府都已无能为力。
考点：physically: using violence 使用暴力地;动武地
eg. Are you going to cooperate or go we have to get physical?
你是跟我们合作，还是我们非得动武呢?
转性译法：副词→名词 physically→外人 culturally→文化
换序译法
⑩Conversely, the power of global business is growing with companies’ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
译文：截然相反的是，全球性大公司利用近水楼台先得月/迁往最有利的地方，唆使国与国之间为争取有吸引力/诱人的投资项目而鹬蚌相争，权力不断增长。
考点：play A off against B: cause two people or groups to oppose each other, esp. for one’s own advantage. 挑拨离间(从中取利)
具体译法：play off against→唆使……鹬蚌相争
