一、疫病名称
冠状病毒 coronavirus
2019新型冠状病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
肺炎 pneumonia
病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia
不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
严重急性呼吸综合征(非典) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
严重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
急性呼吸窘迫综合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
中东呼吸综合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
呼吸道疾病(呼吸系统疾病)respiratory diseases
二、传染防控
国际关注的突发公共卫生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
乙类传染病 Category B infectious diseases
人传人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
行走的传染源 mobile source of infection
潜伏期 incubation/latent period
无症状的潜伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period
特定传染病 specific infectious disease
病毒携带者 virus carrier
无症状携带者 asymptomatic carrier
超级传播者 super spreader
飞沫传播 droplet transmission
接触传播 contact transmission
病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus
隐性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection
外源性感染 exogenous infection
密切接触者 close contact
接触者追踪 contact tracing
传染途径 route of transmission
传播方式 mode of transmission
宿主 host
易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population
医院/院内感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection
职业暴露 occupational exposure
确诊病例 confirmed case
疑似病例 suspected case
散在病例 sporadic case
输入性病例 imported case
二代病例 second-generation case
传染性 transmissibility; infectivity
致病性 pathogenicity
疫情 epidemic; outbreak
疫区 affected area
发病 morbidity
发热病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients
重症 severe case
发病率 incidence rate
死亡率 mortality rate
病死率(致死率)fatality/mortality/death rate
治愈率 recovery rate
疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control
监测体温 to monitor body temperature
体温检测 to check body temperature
早发现、早隔离 early detection and early isolation
隔离治疗 to receive treatment in isolation
自我隔离 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
临床数据 clinical data
核酸检测 nucleic acid testing (NAT)
血清诊断 serodiagnosis
自觉接受医学观察 to present yourself to medical observation
解除医学观察 to be discharged from medical observation
诊断、治疗、追踪和筛查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
预防措施 preventive measure
疫苗 vaccine
戴口罩 to wear a mask
勤洗手/仔细洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully
消毒 disinfection
避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds
健康筛查 health screening
旅行限制 travel restrictions
健康申报表 health declaration form
海鲜市场 seafood market
活体农贸市场 live animal market
湿货市场 wet market
野味 bushmeat; game
果子狸 masked palm civet
蝙蝠 bat
竹鼠 bamboo rat
獾 badger
三、政策举措
突发公共卫生事件 public health emergency
启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应 to activate first-level public health emergency response
掌握情况，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked
遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak
封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
延迟开学 to postpone the reopening of schools
延长春节假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
(公共场所)消毒、通风以及体温检测 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
应急医院 makeshift hospital
火神山医院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
雷神山医院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
暂停海外团队旅行 to suspend overseas group tours
关闭景点 to close scenic spots
取消大型集会 to cancel mass gatherings
减少外出 to make fewer trips outside
控制人口流动 to curb population flow
两周观察期 two-week observation period
停运长途汽车 to halt long-distance buses
调减市内公交 to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city
特殊报销政策 special reimbursement rules
紧平衡 in tight balance
医疗物资紧缺 shortage of medical supplies
日常基本生活物资 daily necessities
跨境采购 cross-border procurement
囤积食物 to stock up on food
捂货惜售 hoarding
瞒报 to underreport
哄抬价格 price gouging
顶格处罚 the maximum penalty
四、机构、职业群体和场所名称
世界卫生组织(世卫组织)World Health Organization (WHO)
中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组(中央应对疫情工作领导小组) Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control
国家卫生健康委员会(国家卫健委) National Health Commission (NHS)
中国疾病预防控制中心(中国疾控中心)Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)
国家医疗保障局(国家医保局)National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)
医疗机构 medical institution
卫生机构 health institution
医疗从业者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional
医疗人员 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers
一线医护人员 frontline health workers
钟南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)
定点医院 designated hospital
发热门诊 fever clinic
重症监护病房 intensive care unit (ICU)
检疫所 quarantine office
药店 pharmacy; drugstore
五、病理症状
病理 pathology
病原体 pathogen
病毒变异 virus variation
病毒突变 virus mutation
临床表现 clinical picture
上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
低氧血症 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen
纤维化 fibrosis
肺脓肿 lung abscess
双肺浸润性病灶 infiltration in both lungs
发热 fever
乏力 fatigue
干咳 dry cough
头疼 headache
胸闷 chest distress; chest oppression
心慌 palpitations
恶心想吐 nausea
腹泻 diarrhea
呼吸困难 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties
呼吸急促(气促)shortness of breath; panting
感染性休克 septic shock
六、器具名称
红外体温测量仪 infrared thermometer
体温检测热像仪 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
诊断器具 diagnostic tool/kit
消毒液disinfectant; antiseptic solution
消毒湿巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes
含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer
口罩 facemask; mask
N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator
医用外科口罩 surgical mask
防护服 protective suit
护目镜 goggles
一次性手套 disposable gloves
负压救护车 negative pressure ambulance
七、其他医学名词
国际卫生条例 International Health Regulations (IHR)
流行病学 epidemiology
流行病学调查(流调) epidemiological investigation
呼吸器官respiratory organs
呼吸道 respiratory tract
消化系统 digestive system
神经系统 nervous system
肾功能 renal function
流感 influenza; flu
结膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye
宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease
高血压 hypertension; high blood pressure
糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus
心血管病 cardiovascular disease
基因序列 genetic sequence
基因结构 genetic structure
试剂 reagent
诊断 diagnosis
检测样本 test sample
医学观察 medical watch; medical observation
病毒分离 virus isolation
抗病毒药 antiviral drug
退烧药 febrifuge; antipyretic
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