主要是指汉译英时结构搭建常用的三个功能词或形式，即，as, with, ing。译文结构好不好，它们说了算!可以不夸张地说，谁尽早熟练掌握了这三个功能词或形式，谁就能尽早步入汉英翻译的殿堂!
1. “As+句子”引出事实背景部分表示原因，后面添加主句。
如：A. As population ages, the government is confronting a growing challenge to support ballooning pensions.
B. As people’s income increases, they have more money available to spend on leisure activities.
2. “主句+ing”是指通过“主句，doing sth.”来补充说明主句主语动作造成的结果;“主句+with sb. doing sth.”功能一样，差别就在于“do”的动作实行者与主句主语不一致。
如：The flood swept across much of South China, leaving 5,000 people homeless/displacing 5,000 people;
Or：The flood swept across much of South China, with 5,000 people fleeing their homes.
3. “with+主句”是指通过“with+”引出事实背景，后面添加主句，这也是大家最熟悉的一种句式结构。
如：With oil prices surging over the past year, people now have to pay 10% more at the pumps on average across the globe.
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