2020商务英语阅读初级理解难点词汇分析：P_第2页

　　perimeter advertising (体育场内的)周边广告

　　例： Advertising around the playing area at sports grounds is called (trimeter advertising . 在体育场内赛区四周的广告被称为周边广吿。

　　peripheral次要的，外围的

　　例： We need to concentrate on ouv core business and sell off our peripheral business. 我 们必须专注干核心业务，将次要业务外包出去。

　　peripheral workers外围员工.企业的长期合同员工被称为核心团体外围员工指短期合同员工，随着经济需求或生产结构的变动而扩大或收缩

　　perishable goods鲜活商品，易腐烂的商品

　　例：Unsold perishable gooc/s usually have to be thrown away.鲜活商品如果卖不掉.通 常只能一弃了之c

　　perks 1 (英国英语口语)额外收入.外快(如奖金、小费等)

　　例：wages and perks工资和外快

　　perks 2 好处，特权，等于perquisite

　　例： Things such as company cars or cheap travel are special extras for a few employers and arc known as perks・公司提供的车子或低价旅行等，是为一些职员提供的额外特别好 处，也即特权。

　　permanent contract 长期合同

　　personal and professional development 个人与专业同步发展

　　例： This personal and professional development enables the company to retain high-calibre, professional staff and thus offer a belter product to our customers- 这种个人 与专业 同步发展的形式，有衬于公司留住高水平专业人才.从而为客户提供更好的产品。

　　personal assistant 私人助理 例;She is f>ersonal assistajit to the managing director-她担当总经理私人助理的工作。

　　personal digital assistant-个人数码助手，电子记事簿，简称PDA

　　例： Newton is one of first of a new generation of persarial digital assistants ( PDAb)・ Newton是新一代个人数码助手苣批产品中的一神。

　　personal identification number个人识别代码，个人识别编号，简称PIN

　　例：Insert the card inio a slot and enter your personal identijication number , or PIN, if using an ATM card.将卡插入槽b,假如你用的是自动柜员机卡，那就得输入个人识 别代码。

　　personal involvement介入时间、精力等个人因素

　　例： Routine purchasing contrasts with the purchase of consumer durables, such as furniture, kitchen appliances or a car. Here there is a greater degree of personal irroidvement ・ 与日常购买行为不同，购买家具、厨房设备或车子等耐用消费品往往劳心费时得多。

　　personalized service 个性化服务

　　例： Many of the very wealthy are now seeking more low-tech personalized services ・ 许 多 大富商如今倾向于技术水口较低的个性化服务。

　　personal organiser 个人电子备忘记事本

　　personal planner 个人记事本

　　personal stereo “小宝贝机”，随身立体声唱机

　　例： The chairman of Sony could see a market fcr personal stereos—a market that had preciously not existed and which relied on predicting that people would enjoy walking around with a couple of loudspeakers strapped to their ears and convincing them that it would be fun.索尼的总裁有办法看到之前并不存在的随身听市场，同时预见到人们会喜欢戴 着两只耳机边走边听，并且让他们柜信这么做很有趣。

　　personal work organizer个人电子工作记事本，个人电子簿

　　personnel director 人事主管

　　例： He was the personnel director of a large conglomerate in the food industry with over 80 000 employees.他是一家食品联合大企业的人事主管，这家企业拥有8万多名员 工

　　personnel manager 人事经理

　　例：If any current sta{( are interested in joining this team, lhey can apply by giving their names心the personnel manager・现有员工中如果有谁兴趣参加该小组，可以向人事 经理申报。

　　personnel management 人事管理

　　例：I have just applied to join a course on personnel rnatiagement which would be for two evenings a week at the City College,我刚刚提出申请，准备进修城市大学的一门人事 管理课程，每周学习两个晚上。

　　personnel officer 人事干部

　　例： A personnel officer is someone who works in the personnel depan meat of a company. 人事千部在公司的人事部门工作。

　　persuasive advertising 劝说性广吿

　　例:Persuasive advertising is designed to influence purchase.劝说性广告旨在影响购买。

　　petty cash小额现金，零用现金，小额备用金

　　例: Small amounts of cash which are paid out for things such as pctroL soap and bus fares are usually recorded in the petty cash book,购买汽油、肥皂和乘坐公共汽车等付出的 小额现金记在小额现金账簿里，

　　Pharmaceuticals制药公司(用于公司名称中)

　　例：He works as a marketing manager at Collingwood Pharmaceuticals .他在科林伍德 制药公司任营销经理。

　　pharmaceuticals industry 制药业

　　例; The merger combines two companies with similar corporate cultures and a shared vision of the pharmaceuticals industry.兼并使两个企业文化相近、并且对制药业拥有共 识的公司联合在一起。

　　phone message 电话留言

　　例:In the first part, there arc three phone messages ,第一部分中有三段电话留盲\

　　photocopier 复印机

　　例 1: Please read these instructions carefully before using the phoUKOpier ・使用该复印机 之前，请仔细阅读以下说明。

　　例 2; The photocopier d(x?sn' t work properly.这台复印机不能正常工作。

　　photocopy 1 复印件

　　例：Do you have a photocopy of the report?你有那份报吿的复印件吗?

　　photocopy 2 复印

　　例：Could you photocopy the last chapter?你能把上一个意节复印一下吗?

　　photocopy paper 复印纸

　　例：She ordered 20 packets of pale green phctocnpy paper .她订 了 20 包淡绿•色复印纸。

　　pictogram统计图表

　　pie chart饼分图，圆形分析图，用来说明总体内部机构与比例的一种图形。它以圆 的总面积作为100%表示事物或现象的总体，用圆内各个扇形面积表示总体中的各 个组成部分(segment)

　　例：This pie chart shows the sales figures for each of our markets-这张饼分图显示出毎 个市场的销售敎字f

　　piecework计件工作

　　例：Pieces tfrk was finally abolished at the factory because it resulted in poor quality goods工厂终亍废除了计件工作制，因这种制度导致产品质量低劣C

　　pigeon hole文件格，鸽笼式分类架，信件架

　　pilot run测试性生产，小样品生产，试销生产(产品从构思设计、批量生产到正式 投放市场之前要迸行测试性的试销生产)

　　例：It is advisable to conduct a pilot run of a product as a market test before committing the £irm lo full production,在公司太覺生产某一产品之前，最好先进行市场测试性的 试销生产。

　　pilot scheme试验性计划

　　例：Companies like the BBC, for example, arc running pilot schemes where manager、 journalists, producers and accountants all work form home-英国广 播公 司 等一些公司正 在实行一项试验性计划.让经理、记者、制片人和会计全部在家工作。

　　pilot survey实验性调査，小规模调査

　　例： Pilot survey is a limited study carried out on a small number of people to test your research method.. 实验性调查是一种面对少数人群、检验调查方法是否妥当的小范围调 査C

　　pink collar粉领阶层，职业女性(指公司或银行中的女秘书、女店员或护士等，比 白领阶层低一个层次)

　　pinpoint确切描述

　　例：She tned to pinpoint exactly what it was about the team leader of the marketing project that she disliked, but she couldn't-她试图确切描述薈销项目小组长究竟哪一点让 她讨厌，却无法办到。

　　pioneer brand市场开拓者品牌，先锋品牌，创新品牌

　　例：If people experience the pioneer brand first and like it, they may stay with the brand resulting in continued brand loyalty.假如人们先使用了市场开拓者品牌并喜欢上它， 他们可能会一直购买该品牌，形成持久不衰的品牌忠诚。

　　pioneer brand advantage市场开拓者品牌优势，先锋品牌优势

　　例： The pioneer brand ad'vantage is unique to a given brand and is not replicable within a product class.市场开拓者品牌优势为某一特定品牌所独有，在同类产品中无法再造。

　　piracy侵犯版权、专利权，盗版，非法仿制

　　例： Most countries have laws to prevent the breakir^ of patent protection. Breaking these laws is piracy .多数国家制定了专利权保护法违法者构成侵权寧。.

　　pitch竭力推销

　　placement 1 (人员)安置，(工作)安置、安排

　　例 1: Students are given work placements with major engineering companies as part of their course .作为课程的一部分，学生们被安排在一些大型工程公司工作实习。

　　placement 2 (产品)定位

　　例; People are now getting more aware of the importance of product placement as an effective marketing strategy.产品定位作为有效营销策略的重要性已越夹越被人们所认 识“

　　place orders下单，发出订单

　　例： Many of our clients are placing orders for delivery in the fourth quarter.我 们 许多客 户在订第四季度交的货。

　　plaintiff 原告

　　例：The plainiiff was asked to leave the company.原告被要求离开公司。

　　plan机构分布平面图(用实际房间或楼层等来表示某机构各部门的方位)，位置平面图 例1: This is the plan of an airport.这是一个机场的平面图。

　　例 2: A plan of the stands can been seen on the Organisers'Board in the display area. 展 区组委会告示牌上有各展位的平面图。

　　planning meeting策划会，规划会

　　例： Al the planning meeting last Friday, we decided on the completion dates for the next three stages of the dcvelopinent project,在上周五的策划会上，我们商定了这个开 发项目接下去三个阶段的先成E期。

　　ptatinum card白金卡(类似于金卡的一种贵宾卡)

　　例： With these benefits in mind, it is easy to see why gold or platinum card holders may be tempted to take extra trips to retain this preferential treatment.想想这些福利，自然 很容易明白为什么金卡或白金卡的持有者会想多乘几次飞机，保留这种优惠待遇。

　　player参与者

　　例; Mailer Communications is now a major player in the communications industry. 梅勒 通讯公司是通讯行业的主要参与者◊

　　pledged investment抵押投资(投资分自主投资和抵押投资，抵押投资需要有抵押 品、担保函等)

　　例：With pledged investment of US $ 12 billion, the UK is acknowledged to be the leading European investor in China and the main EU source of technology. 英国对 中国的 抵押投资为120亿美元，是欧洲对中国公认的主要投资国，同时还是主要的欧盟技术 来源。

　　plenary 全体出席的

　　例 11 a plenary sessiem 全体会议

　　例2: a plenary speech全体会议上的讲话

　　plug (对书籍、唱片或产品所作的)公开推荐，该词可作名词也可作动词

　　例：The company is new product was given a good plug on the radio yesterday. /The company's new product was well plugged on the radio yesterday.该公司 的产品 昨天在 电台广播中得到强力推荐Q

　　plummet (价格)骤跌

　　例： Faced with plumjnetin^ oil prices, oil giants Exxon and Mobil so略hl to achieve economies of scale through a $ 250br)merger.面对石油价格骤跌的局势，埃克森和美 孚这两大石油巨头试图通过一笔高达2500亿美元的兼并取得规模效益。

　　plus好处，佰利因素

　　例：Small wins arc a large plus.小收益可能带来大好处，

　　pocket computer袋装型电脑，袖珍型电脑，袖珍计算器大小的电器，用蓄电池

　　podmall小型购物中心，指在城市地区由几家小商店和一个小停车场组成的购物中 心，亦称便利购物中心

　　point of sale (s) 1 销售网点

　　例： A non-stop video above the counter is used to advertise the goods at the point of sale . 柜台上连续播放的录像带是在销售点作推销商品用的C

　　point of sale (s) 2 (电子)销售刷卡机，简称POS机、

　　例;In the restaurant, customers'bills can be calculated quickly and accurately at the elec- tmnic of sales.在養馆里，顾客的账单可以在结账处的电子销售刷卡机上快速准 确地计算出来。

　　poinl-of-sale 1 销售点的

　　例:These are supported by paint of sale displays to emphasise product quality and to increase appeal.所有这些，加上各销售点陈列品的烘托，突出了产品质量，增加了吸引力。

　　point-ol-sate 2 (电子)销售刷卡机的

　　例：a computerized point-of-sale system for department stores 用于百货商店销售和消费 使用的刷卡结账计算机系统

　　point-of-sale advertising销售点的商品广告

　　policy 保险契约，保险单，亦作insurance policy

　　例：take out an insurance policy 办理保险契约

　　policyho^er 投保人，亦作 policy-holder

　　例： A policyholder who suffers a loss files a claim (a request for payment) with the insurance company.遭受损失的投保人向保险公司提出索赔。

　　poor credit risk风险大的信用对象

　　例： The bank will not issue you with a credit card if the bank thinks you are a poor credit risk.假如银行认为某位客户是一位风险大的信用对象，就不会为其办理信用卡。

　　portable便携式电脑

　　例： Portables are smaller than usual and are designed to be moved or carried easily. 便携 式电脑比一般电脑小，便于携带。

　　portfoho (私人投资者或金融机构的)投资组合

　　例 1: For early globalisation, each line of business in the company's portfolio should be evaluated along two dimensions—potential pay-off ( expected returns) and potential risk (degree of k>cal adaptation required).在国际化进程初期,公司必须对其投资•组合中每 一种经营品种都从两方面进行估算：一是潜在回报(预期回报)，二是潜在风险(本 土化要求程度)。

　　例 2: The company decided to increase its portfolio and bought shares in Smith Ltd. 该 公司决定加强投资组合，购买了史密新宿限公司的股份。

　　positioning 定位

　　例： Products need a clear positioning 1o make them distinctive and attractive to buyers. 产品需要明确定位，使其特色鲜明，吸引消费者。

　　post book邮件往来记录本

　　postcode (英)邮政编码，等于(美)zipcode

　　例： The postcode used in the UK is the equivalent of the zipcodc used in the USA.英国 使用的postcode尊于美国使用的zipcode.都指邮政编码。

　　post・it note自粘便条纸，亦作Post-It

　　例：The success of the 3M's post-it note proves how profitable the innovative 15% rule can be,自粘便条纸的成功证明了 3M公司要求其设计人员自由支配15%时间用于创 新的规定可以产生多么大的效益。

　　post-retirement benefit plans 退休后福利计划，简称 PRB plans 例：There are two types of defined benefit arrangemenis, pension and benefit plans ,确定的福利有两类，即退休金和退休后福利计划。

　　potential customer 潜在客户

　　例： Potential customer is someone who is in a position to buy something, someone who needs it, has sufficient funds and has the right to decide on a purchase.潜在客户指的是 可能成为顾客的人。他们有需求，有付款能力，还有购买决定权。

　　power user行家用户，精通个人龟脑的人，知道许多软件的使用方法的人

　　precaution防范措施

　　例： You are responsible for seeing that adequate precautions are taken, 必须负 责保证充 分的防范措施落实到位。

　　practitioner开业医生

　　例：general practitioner (非专科)普通医生，全科医生，简称GP

　　preference share/stock 优先股，亦作 preferred share/stock

　　例： At rhe end of the financial year, profits are first of all allocated to pay the fixed per- cent^e diyidends on preference shares block .财政年度结束时，利润分成首先要支付 优先股固定百分比的红利。

　　preferred shareholder优先股股东，优先股持有者

　　例： The prior claim on this residue is held by the preferred shareholders, if any, in proportion to the paid up value of their shares.这些剩余利润的优先索取权由优先股持有者 按其缴足股份值的比例分享。

　　preliminary expenses 开办费

　　例： There were large preliminary expenses in starting the company. 办公司 花了 —大笔 开办凱

　　premises (企业、机构等使用的)经营场地，生产场地，办公场所

　　例 1: The present iocation of the restaurant is not good and now the boss is looking for new premises.餐馆目前的地点不好，老板正在寻找新的场所。

　　例 2: The business premises are close to a major road・该经营场所靠近一条主干道。

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