2016年5月22日托福写作真题答案及解析(新东方版)

　　综合写作

　　阅读：欧洲人大概1520年左右就到了澳大利亚而不是1606年那么晚

　　1，欧洲发现的1550年左右的地图上面就有澳大利亚部分地区的名字，很可能葡萄牙商人早在这个时期就到了澳大利亚

　　2，欧洲一本1593年的书中提到了一种叫Marsupials的袋鼠，由于袋鼠是很典型的澳大利亚动物，所以很可能1606年以前就被欧洲人发现了

　　3，在澳大利亚发现了欧洲的钥匙，土壤分析显示年代可以追溯到1500s

　　听力：只能1606，不能更早

　　1，那些地区名字相同但是形状不同，很可能是绘制地图的人受水手的second hand story的影响

　　2，这种袋鼠不光澳大利亚有，南北美都有，所以书中描述的兴许是美洲的袋鼠

　　3，后来的升级的检测发现那些土壤不能用来推测钥匙掉落的时间。

　　范文

　　The reading passage claims that the European people might have reached Australia around 1520 and provides three evidences to support this claim, but the speaker casts doubt on those evidence and believes the Europeans arrived in 1606.

　　First of all, the reading passage argues that European maps around 1550 includes names of Australian areas, which can be an indicator the 16th century trip of the Europeans, but the speaker uses the different shapes of the areas on the maps and the actual areas in Australia to contradict the passage, then he speculates that, since second hand story referred to at that time, the information on the maps may come from Asian sailors who have reached Australia and spread second hand story but not Europeans themselves.

　　Second, the speaker claims that the mention of Marsupials in European book in 1593 cannot be used to prove an earlier arrive because Marsupials do not live exclusively in Australia, they also live in North and South Americas, and due to the fact that Europeans had already explored the Americas, that European book depicted Marsupials does not mean Europeans made it to Australia before 1593.

　　Finally, the dating of soil around the European keys found in Australia cannot convince the speaker because later, an improved dating method indicates that the soil around the keys could not be used to speculate when the keys were dropped, and previous calculation was not accurate enough.

　　独立写作

　　Which of the following is the most important thing for a country’s leader to do to ensure the prosperity and success of the country.

　　1, create more jobs for the unemployed;

　　2,improve agriculture and lower the food prices;

　　3,provide affordable housing.

　　近几次考试的三选一类题目比较多，建议大家多练习练习机经里面的三选一的题目，有的题目要求选好的、重要的，有的题目要求选次要的。像这道题就是一道择优的题目。可以参考以下观点：

　　选择improve agriculture and lower the food prices.

　　分论点一：解决基本的“温”和“饱”问题，这是每个国家发展的前提;

　　分论点二：比create more jobs for the unemployed更好操作和执行;

　　分论点三：比provide affordable housing惠及更多的人。

　　例文：

　　All governments on the planet engage in finding the best methods to develop their country into a more powerful nation with abundant resources. These methods are supposed to cover as many people as possible and with no doubt, be effective enough to bring about profits as soon as possible. Among all the approaches that are aiming at advancing a country, I firmly believe that the issues associated with food is more important and should be paid more attention to by countries.

　　First of all, under no circumstances can human live without food supply, which is the premise of all human activities. As a result, solving the problems in agriculture and the availability of food to all people is an essential factor in the development of a country. When people have rice to eat, they have more energy to work in the fields; when people are supplied with meat, they are more passionate in manufacturing crafts and tools; when people have cheaper fruits on the markets, they become more willing to serve his customers at work; when people have easier access to clothes, they are more inspired in doing researches and experiments. No progress can be made with hungry stomachs.

　　Second, it is easier to advance agriculture than to create more job positions for unemployed workers. Increasing agricultural production depend largely on good command of planting or farming knowledge and technology. For the knowledge aspect, information can be obtained through diverse channels like books, magazines and the internet, where information is not only authorized but also comprehensive. For the technology aspect, the governments can either invest in researches in crop properties or genetic modification or purchase equipment or technology from those few highly developed countries who fulfill the responsibility to help more other countries. Nonetheless, creating work opportunities is not that easy, since companies, either state owned or privately owned, have certain precise requirement for the number of workers according to the types of business they undertake and current situation of the market.

　　Finally, promoting the food industry benefit more people than affordable housing can do. As we have discussed above, food is needed by everybody and better agricultural conditions make a so great difference that it extends how far a government can go. In contrast, few people need houses, especially in this modernized society, as a direct consequence of building more housing apartments, most individuals already possess a house to live in, where means whether the houses are affordable or not has little or no influence on the overall development of the country.

　　To sum up, I believe what we eat means more than what we do and where we live. The leaders of all countries should focus more on the improvement of food availability and more and more people will live a happier life.