2016年托福考试语法题（2）

　　托福考试试题：

　　1. _________， domesticated grapes grow in clusters， range in color from pale green to black， and contain sugar in varying quantities.

　　A. Their botanical classification as berries

　　B. Although their botanical classification as berries

　　C. Because berries being their botanical classification

　　D. Classified botanically as berries

　　答案：D

　　分析：句子的主语是grapes ， 后面是平行结构grow…， range…， and contain…。空格后的句子已完整，那么空格处就应该是同位语，状语从句，分词等修饰成分。A中Their指代不明，而且classification和berries也不相符，错;B中Although为conj.，后面应该是完整句，错;C中Because为conj.，后面应该是完整句，错。

　　参考译文：培植的葡萄的植物分类跟浆果是一样的，它们成串的长在树上，颜色从灰白色到黑色，并且包含由不同数量的糖份。

　　2. The cymbal is ________ in the military band and is also frequently used in modern orchestral music.

　　A. a basic instrument

　　B. basic instrument

　　C. how basic an instrument it is

　　D. as an instrument is basic

　　答案：A

　　分析：instrument可数，前面应该有限定词a.and前为一简单句。

　　参考译文：铙钹在军乐队里是一个基本的乐器，而且还经常在现代管弦乐里使用。

　　3. In instrumentalist philosophy， ideas and knowledge are exclusively functional processes： they are of significance only _________ instrumental in the development of experience.

　　A. as they are

　　B. are they

　　C. there are

　　D. are

　　答案：A

　　分析：两个谓语需要有一个conj.来连接。一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错。

　　参考译文：在乐器演奏家的哲学里面，思想和知识是专有排外性的功能性的过程。他们的重要意义仅限于在经验发展的过程中，用于乐器演奏。

　　4. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen， and most do both.

　　A. Working fire extinguishers

　　B. Fire extinguishers that work

　　C. Fire extinguishers work

　　D. The work of fire extinguishers

　　答案：C

　　分析：空格中缺主谓。A中没有谓语;B中that多余，因为句中只有一个谓语;D也没有谓语。

　　参考译文：灭火器的通过冷却或者减少火中的氧气的方法工作的，大多数时候两个方法都会用到。

　　5. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.

　　A. to purchase their own automobiles

　　B. their own to purchase automobiles

　　C. to their own purchase automobiles

　　D. own their automobiles to purchase

　　答案：A

　　分析：为固定结构enable sb to do sth.

　　参考译文：规模生产方法的产生，使得人们能够买自己的车，并获得了空前的灵活性。

　　6. Bubbles， flaws， and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass， _________ the glass sparkle.

　　A. which making

　　B. and making

　　C. making

　　D. to making

　　答案：C

　　分析：空格前的句子结构完整，这里的分词作状语。A中用which来引导非限制性定语从句，而句中无谓语，错;B中and作为连接词，而and后的句子不完整，没有谓语，错;D错，不定式的结构应该是to do.

　　参考译文：气泡，裂纹和其他的不规则会使光线穿过受损的玻璃时发散开，使得玻?辽练⒐狻?BR>　　补充： stained glass常指教堂的彩色玻璃

　　7. Fog is common near ________ _ inland bodies of water and along coasts in temperate zones.

　　A. there are large

　　B. large

　　C. either large

　　D. where large

　　答案：B

　　分析：A使得句中出现两个谓语动词，且中间无连接词，错;C应该是either… or…结构，但句中没有出现or;D中where引导的句子不完整，错。

　　参考译文：雾通常在靠近大型内陆水体和沿着温和地带边缘的地方发生。

　　8. The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it _________ valuable source of history.

　　A. and a

　　B. so that a

　　C. a

　　D. is a

　　答案：C

　　分析：make结构，make+n.1/pron+n.2/adj.

　　参考译文：描述日常生活的民间艺术品使它们本身成为有价值的历史来源。

　　9. _______ by the United States government's Bureau of Labor Statistics， the Consumer Price Index compares current costs of goods and services with past costs.

　　A. To prepare

　　B. As it prepared

　　C. When preparation

　　D. Prepared

　　答案：D

　　分析：由后半句可以知道句子的逻辑主语应该是Consumer Price Index，而且空格后是by，所以应该用被动形式，只能选D.

　　参考译文：消费者价格索引是美国政府劳工统计部完成的，它把现在的物品价格跟以前的做了比较。

　　10. _________ carries the genes， which determine the hereditary characteristics of the cell or organism.

　　A. The chromosome

　　B. The chromosome that

　　C. Whereas the chromosome

　　D. There is a chromosome

　　答案：A

　　分析：该句是非限制性定语从句，前半句已经有谓语和宾语，缺主语，选A.

　　参考译文：染色体携带了遗传物质，这些遗传物质决定了细胞和生物体的遗传特性。