2016年托福写作素材模板：马斯洛需求层次理论

　　素材段落

　　Consumer motivation is associated with Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory. According to his theory， motivational forces have different levels of importance. The most common needs are physiological needs (including food and shelter) and safety needs， both of which are tightly connected to basic survival. Higher-level needs include social needs (including relationships and love)， esteem needs (including recognition and status) and self-actualization needs (also known as the needs to fulfill oneself). In Maslow’s view， individuals must meet their lower-level needs before being motivated to fulfill their higher-level needs.

　　单词和词组

　　be associated with 与…相联系

　　=be connected to

　　Criteria for the judgment of purchasing different products may be associated with a number of elements， particularly personal preferences and specific functions.

　　fulfill 实现、满足=accomplish

　　fulfill a work program

　　fulfill one’s responsibility

　　句型结构

　　…， both of which … 这两者都，非限定性定语从句结构

　　Chess encourages personality and mental development， both of which are very important in a child’s early years.

　　适用考题

　　People often buy products not because they really need them， but because other people have them.

　　The main purpose for people to have jobs is to earn money rather than gain public recognition.

　　People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment. They do things they like to do rather than do the things they should be doing.