2017托福阅读词汇解析（下）

2017托福阅读词汇解析（下）

　　托福词汇的备考一直是考生不可松懈的，但是对于托福词汇大家应该如何进行备考呢?特别是托福阅读考试中，词汇的重要性就更高了，专门有针对题目设置的题目。

　　1.extinction

　　灭绝

　　Many species are in peril of extinction because of our destruction of their natural habitat.

　　episode

　　2.event

　　事件

　　A couple of weeks ago, I watched a Sex and the City episode, in which Charlotte, in her never-ending quest to find true love, attends a seminar to teach her how to do just that.

　　3.Cambrian

　　寒武纪

　　To be born during this, the Cambrian Explosion—why, I couldn't imagine a better period, really.

　　proliferation

　　4.increase

　　增殖

　　Decrease

　　Only in a world verifiably free of nuclear weapons will there be no proliferation.

　　5.macroscopic

　　肉眼可见的

　　So it applies to macroscopic systems that are in equilibrium, and how to go from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state, and it's entirely empirical in its foundation.

　　6.fossil

　　化石

　　So you have more information in it than almost any fossil you could think of

　　7.biodiversity

　　生物多样性

　　At the same time, farming drives much of the ecological damage humans do: from habitat loss (and decreasing biodiversity) to messing around with the cycle of nitrogen through the environment.

　　notable

　　8.important

　　值得注意的

　　If there are any notable inconsistencies or discrepancies, think through how you are going to explain the situation.

　　9.mass

　　大规模的

　　But back to Newton: he discovered that any two objects in the universe attract each other, and that this force is proportional to their mass.

　　demise

　　10.death

　　死亡

　　The euro. In spite of all the talk about the euro’s demise, and the problems of Greece and Spain and Italy, the currency is surviving, as is the economic union it represents.

　　11.Cretaceous-Tertiary

　　白垩纪第三纪

　　Usually dinosaurs are considered to be one of the flagship casualties of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events, and thus the most obvious answer would be – at the end of the Cretaceous.

　　12.reptile

　　爬行动物

　　This small reptile, which measures just 10 centimeters long, can swim through the sand dunes at up to 15 centimeters per second.

　　13.terrestrial

　　陆地的

　　Available via terrestrial signals, satellite and cable, digital broadcasting will herald an explosion in the number of available channels.

　　14.ecological niche

　　生态区位

　　Erectus was on our side of a great divide—with an expanded cranium and an ecological niche defined by the use of tools.

　　indefinitely

　　15.forever

　　无限期地

　　Definite

　　Assuming the systems keep operating, like I've said, we can command the vehicle from the ground and operate it fine, and remain on orbit indefinitely.

　　16.mammal

　　哺乳动物

　　The problem with that theory is that no other mammal has resorted to this method of cooling down.

　　17.flourish

　　繁荣

　　Here he sees the industry of his native country displayed in a new manner, and traces in their works the embryos of all the arts, sciences, and ingenuity which flourish in Europe.

　　myriad

　　18.large number

　　大量

　　That I have been able to attend a grand meeting such as this one, fills my mind with a myriad of thoughts and ideas

　　19.bat

　　蝙蝠

　　Having been suggested by a bat, people invented sonar.

　　20.paleontologist

　　古生物学家

　　This study "provides conclusive genetic evidence for the simultaneous burial of a small nuclear family, " said Louise Humphrey, a paleontologist with the Natural History Museum in London.

　　21.abbreviate

　　缩写

　　I like to abbreviate my name because it's easier for people to remember.

　　22.boundary

　　分界线

　　Compared with the long-standing friendship between the two countries, their boundary dispute is only an issue of a temporary and limited nature.

　　23.organism

　　生物体

　　In any situation, you have a variety of pressures on an organism: What is the atmosphere, is there food available, what is the competition for resources?

　　24.mollusk

　　无脊椎动物

　　Measuring more than 16 inches (407 millimeters), this giant mollusk is the biggest ever found in its subclass--Caudofoveata.

　　diverse

　　25.varied

　　多种多样的

　　Same

　　But these things come together because of our ability to work with one another and find common purpose no matter how diverse we might be.

　　26.planktonic

　　浮游生物的

　　In some places, though, iron is the limiting nutrient. Adding iron to such places should cause a bloom of planktonic algae, thus sucking carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.

　　27.marine

　　海洋的

　　We know exactly how long this wreck has been under water and how long marine life has been growing on it.

　　28.foraminifera

　　有孔虫类

　　Globs of mud pulled from the trench have yielded an assortment of bacteria, fungi and primitive single-celled organisms called foraminifera

　　rebound

　　29.reappear

　　再出现

　　And, if the rebound is real, will it last?

　　30.vascular plant

　　维管植物

　　S. university herbaria and twelfth across the nation. The site provides of the center's introduction , history, staff, publications, Flora of Texas Database and Mexican Vascular Plant Database etc.

　　31.fern

　　蕨类

　　A staple part of the vegetarian dino-diet was probably horsetails, fern-like plants that were abundant in prehistoric swamps and highly nutritious, said the scientists.

　　32.club moss

　　石松

　　Take these supplements: B-complex vitamins, magnesium, CoQ10, alpha-lipoic acid, fish oil or flax seed oil, and herbs like Chinese club moss, ginkgo, and ginsen

　　33.horsetail

　　马尾草

　　The horsetail plant has been called the beauty plant. It clarifies, closes pores, and acts as an exfoliator. Not bad for a plant with such an unfortunate name

　　34.conifer

　　针叶树

　　Furthermore, 1995 marks the first time that highly threatened Chinese plants, like the conifer Cathaya argyrophylla, are being introduced to the West.

　　35.gymnosperm

　　裸子植物

　　From the present results, we considered that tracheary elements that conduct water and mineral in ferns and gymnosperm are tracheids .

　　36.angiosperm

　　被子植物

　　“Early steps of angiosperm-pollinator coevolution.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105: 240-245.

　　37.exothermic

　　变温的

　　I wish I was an Ion so I could form an exothermic bond with you.

　　38.metabolic

　　新陈代谢的

　　We sleep more deeply when we are young, because we have a high metabolic rate that is greatly reduced during sleep, but also because there are people to protect us.

　　39.endotherm

　　恒温动物

　　When the PEP40 containing higher ethylene content crystallizes isothermally in the temperature range investigated, double melting peaks appear in each endotherm region.

　　nevertheless

　　40.however

　　然而

　　Nevertheless, the difference should not be ignored.

　　revolutionize

　　41change

　　彻底改变

　　By contrast, if the vaccine were to become cheap enough to be used in the developing world, particularly Africa, it would revolutionize women’s health.

　　propose

　　42.suggest

　　提出

　　That is why in this blog post, I would like to propose something to every designer: Why not try to design something every day for one year?

　　43.meteorite

　　流星

　　If the contamination were terrestrial, one could expect equal amounts of the molecules (or less) to be present in the meteorite samples, certainly not more

　　44.impact

　　碰撞

　　I want us to be judged by the impact we have on the health of the people of Africa, and the health of women

　　generate

　　45.produce

　　产生

　　From the model, you can generate the DDL, though we have to be careful.

　　extensive

　　46.widespread

　　蔓延的

　　His extensive experience in other parts of Asia helped him to overcome cultural barriers.

　　envelope

　　47.cover

　　包裹

　　If you fold the letter in two, it will fit into the envelope.

　　48.solar radiation

　　太阳辐射

　　Send a mission to Mercury and you risk frying it with solar radiation or wasting tremendous amounts of fuel to correct against the influence of solar gravity.

　　49.photosynthesis

　　光合作用

　　The belt of vegetation that crosses Africa below the Sahara is very dark because most of the sunlight is absorbed by plants for photosynthesis.

　　50.cataclysmic

　　灾难性的

　　We know that these events are among the most cataclysmic that the sky holds; but we understand only—and approximately—the how, not the why.

　　51.iridium

　　铱

　　This story, though, raises the question of why there is but a single ejecta layer of iridium and shocked quartz in late Cretaceous rocks around the world.

　　52.sedimentary

　　沉淀的

　　Most of the oxygen in our air came from plants whose remains - or those of the animals that fed on them - became entombed in sedimentary rocks.

　　53.asteroid

　　小行星

　　Moving on through the asteroid belt we enter the realms of the gas giant planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, all of which dwarf the Earth.

　　54.diameter

　　直径

　　Package instructions specify the correct depth for each variety, but the best general rule is the old one: seeds should be covered twice the depth of their own diameter.