These include conducting vessels that transport water and minerals upward from the roots and that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body and the stiffening substance lignin, which support the plant body, helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight. (TPO25, 47)
vessel /'ves(ə)l/ n. 船(尤指大船),舰;容器, 器皿;管状结构,血管,导管
photosynthetic /ˌfəutəsin'θetik/ adj. 光合作用的
stiffen /'stɪfn/vt. (使某物)变得(更加)坚硬﹑僵硬
lignin /'lɪgnɪn/n. ‘化学’木质素
大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解
These include conducting vessels (that transport water and minerals upward from the roots) and (that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body) and the stiffening substance lignin, (which support the plant body), (helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight.) (TPO25, 47)
修饰一:(that transport water and minerals upward from the roots) ,从句,修饰conducting vessels
中文:从根部向上运输水与矿物质
修饰二:(that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body) ,从句,修饰conducting vessels,注意其中有个from to的介词短语,从叶子到植物体的其余部分
中文:从叶子向植物体内其余各部分运输光合作用产物
修饰三:(which support the plant body) ,从句,修饰substance lignin
中文:维持植物体的生命
修饰四:(helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight.) ,非谓语动词
中文:有助于植物体大部分表面暴露于阳光之下
托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译:
这些包括导管(用来从根部向上运输水与矿物质以及从叶子向植物体其余各部分运输光合作用产物)和坚硬的物质木质素(用来维持植物体的生命,有助于植物体大部分表面暴露于阳光之下)。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、从句,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。