The ambitious mayor of a big city backs a project to put a garden on a bridge
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This much the Skygarden in Seoul has in common with Garden Bridge in London, but then their stories diverge. Where the London version has foundered, the Korean one will be opened this Saturday by Mayor Park Won-soon, a former activist who built his career on opposing both corruption and the conservative establishment, and supporting human rights.
There are significant differences in the conception and execution of the two projects.They vary in cost（about 40m for the Skygarden and 200m-plus for the Garden Bridge)and, where the London project has spent many years not happening, the Seoul one has taken two years to take shape since its Dutch architects, MVRDV, were appointed in 2015.
Where the Garden Bridge would have been a cherry on the already rich cake that is the center of London, the Skygarden aims to regenerate and connect places near the main railway station that have been fragmented by roads and rail tracks. The Skygarden, which will be open to all 24 hours a day, re-uses an existing structure 一 like the High Line in the form of a 1970 motorway flyover that was no longer deemed safe for its original purpose.
It is also part of a bigger set of ideas about taking a big, dense sometimes ugly city, one which was created without a great deal of concern for public space and pedestrian movement, and giving it qualities of walkability, neighborliness, human scale and shared enjoyment of its places. To this end, the mayor has encouraged a range of public works and created the post of city architect to help make them happen.
The Skygarden is one of the more eye-catching examples of several initiatives promoted by the first holder of this job, Seung H-Sang, and his successor and ally Young Joon Kim.
Seoul resembles other cities of East Asia such as Tokyo and Shanghai in its scale and rapid post-war expansion, while major western cities like New York and London also experience comparable pressures of growth. If Seoul gets its program right, it can set examples for other megacities to learn from. An inaugural Biennale of Architecture and Urbanism will be held this autumn to help get the message across.
South Korea’s capital is an ancient city, with a beautiful natural backdrop of mountains,which was devastated in the 20th century by Japanese occupation and the Korean War. It was reconstructed on American-inspired lines, with multi-lane highways criss-crossing the city.Economic and population growth it has about 10 million people compared with 1 million in 1950, although the increase has now levelled off caused the spaces between to be filled in at levels of density that are nearly twice New York’s.
It is a business-minded city, its desire for prosperity being sharpened by the traumas and poverty of its recent history, and the need to erect office blocks to serve its economy has usually taken precedence over architectural and urban finesse. The lower levels of buildings tend to be intensely colonized by commercial activity.
单选题第1题In this passage, which project is mainly compared with Skygarden in Seoul?
A.High Line.
B.Eiffel Tower.
C.London Tower.
D.Garden Bridge.
参考答案：D
答案解析：A项是纽约的高线公园，认为首尔的Skygarden项目可与之相媲美；B项是巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔，是一个“令对手城市既羡又妒的城市景观”；C项文中没有提到。从第二段和全文可知，这篇文章主要是将首尔的Skygarden（空中花园）与伦敦的Garden Bridge（花园桥）相比较，故选D。
单选题第2题What is the different result between Skygarden in Seoul and Garden Bridge in London?
A.Garden Bridge in London failed halfway and Skygarden in Seoul is in progress.
B.Skygarden in Seoul failed halfway and Garden Bridge in London is in progress.
C.Garden Bridge in London is more amazing than Skygarden in Seoul.
D.Garden Bridge in London gets more support from the government than Skygarden in Seoul does.
参考答案：A
答案解析：第2段第二句话的意思是“伦敦版本失败了，韩国版本则将于本周六由市长朴元淳揭幕”。在这句话中“founder”的意思是“失败、垮掉”，故选A。B项与文中意思相反；C项文中未提及；D项也与文中意思不符，得到了政府更多支持的是首尔的Skygarden工程。答案为A。
单选题第3题Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a factor that might indicate the differences between the Skygarden project in Seoul and Garden Bridge project in London?
A.Conception.
B.Execution.
C.Length.
D.Cost.
参考答案：C
答案解析：第3段中提到“首尔的项目和伦敦的项目在理念和执行上有着根本的不同。它们的造价不同”，由此可知A、B、D项均有提及，而C项没有提到，故选C。
单选题第4题How do you understand the expression “a cherry on the already rich cake” in Paragraph 4?
A.An attempt or opportunity to do something.
B.A desirable feature to something which is already inviting.
C.A very pleasant situation.
D.A very enjoyable experience.
参考答案：B
答案解析：这个短语的意思是“锦上添花”，因此选B，其余选项与意思不符。
单选题第5题What is the aim of the construction of Skygarden in Seoul?
A.To revive and connect places near the main railway station.
B.To attract the world.
C.To construct the most beautiful city landscape in the world.
D.To reuse an existing building.
参考答案：A
答案解析：文中第4段第一句提到“空中花园旨在修复并连接火车总站附近、被公路和铁轨分割得四分五裂的区域”，因此答案应该为A。B和C文中未提及，D项虽有提及，但并非修建这一工程的唯一目的。答案为A。
单选题第6题Which of the following is NOT mentioned as measures taken to get the great ideas realized?
A.To find a big，crowded，even ugly city.
B.To concern for public space and pedestrian movement.
C.To encourage a range of public projects.
D.To create the post of city architect.
参考答案：B
答案解析：在第5段中，A、B、C、D均有提及，但真正采取的措施只有A（找到一个规模庞大、人口稠密，甚至有些丑陋的城市）、C（鼓励开展一系列公共工程）、D（设立首尔市总建筑师这一职位）。B项提及“考虑公共空间和行人行走问题”是指，那个规模庞大、人口稠密，甚至有些丑陋的城市在建立之初未能充分考虑公共空间和行人行走问题，这并不是为此采取的措施，故选B。
单选题第7题Who is the first city architect of Seoul?
A.Park Won-soon.
B.Seung H-Sang.
C.Young Joon Kim.
D.The mayor.
参考答案：B
答案解析：第5段结尾提到，the mayor has ... created the post of city architect（市长设立了首尔市总建筑师这一职位），在第6段又提到the first holder of this job，指的就是首任总建筑师Seung H-Sang，因此答案为B。A项Park Won-soon为首尔市市长，C项Young Joon Kim为Seung H-Sang的继任者兼盟友，D为市长，均错误。这段话的意思是：首任首尔市总建筑师Seung H-Sang及其继任者兼盟友Young Joon Kim倡导了若干项计划，“空中花园”就是其中比较引人注目的项目之一。答案为B。
单选题第8题In what ways does Seoul resemble other big cities?
A.Scale.
B.Post-war expansion.
C.Pressure of growth.
D.All of the above.
参考答案：D
答案解析：在第7段提到了规模、战后迅速发展扩张以及增长压力，因此D项为正确答案。
单选题第9题Which of the following description of Seoul is NOT right according to the passage?
A.Seoul is an ancient city with beautiful natural mountains.
B.Seoul was ever devastated by Japanese occupation and the Korean War.
C.Seoul has about 10 million people in 1950.
D.Seoul is a business-minded city.
参考答案：C
答案解析：第8段中提到了A，韩国首都是一座历史悠久的城市，有着群山环抱的美丽自然风光；也提到了B，它曾遭日本占领以及朝鲜战争摧毁；首尔目前有约1000万人口，远远高于1950年的100万人，这一说法与C项有出入；D项在第9段第一句话中提到，首尔是一个有着商业化思维的城市。答案为C。
单选题第10题What priority does Seoul have in developing its economy?
A.To cause the space to be filled in at levels of density of population.
B.To erect office buildings.
C.To get architectural and urban development strategies.
D.To make urban expansion.
参考答案：B
答案解析：此句问的是首尔发展经济时优先考虑什么。这一点在第9段中提到，修建办公大楼通常优先于建筑和城市发展策略，因此B项为正确答案，C项不正确。A项在第8段末提到，经济和人口增长导致空间的人口密度几乎达到纽约的两倍，并不是优先考虑填充人口密度；D项文中未提及。答案为B。
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