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For years, the tiny Himalayan country of Bhutan has tried to measure “gross national happiness” to counter measures such as gross domestic product (GDP), arguing that such simple metrics don’t capture what is really meaningful to people.
Last year’s study showed that whereas rich people are happier on average than poor people, increasing GDP in a country doesn’t necessarily boost well-being. For instance, GDP tripled in the United States since the 1960s, yet well-being has stagnated.
To assess world happiness in the new study, the researchers analyzed happiness data starting from 2005. Most of the data came from the Gallup World Poll, which surveyed more than 150 countries around the world.
Scandinavian countries topped the list of happiest countries. The United States ranked the 17th, bested by Mexico, Panama and the United Arab Emirates.
On average, people in more than 150 countries rate their happiness as a 5.1 on a scale of 0 to 10. But happiness hasn't stayed constant over time:61 countries saw their happiness improve over the years, while 41 countries have become unhappier. Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America are becoming happier overall, while industrial nations report less well-being.
More than three-quarters of the differences in happiness scores were attributable to six key metrics: real GDP per capita, healthy life expectancy, someone to count on, perceived freedom to make life choices, freedom from corruption, and generosity.
The new data could help public policy-makers tweak their policies to impact those factors, such as cracking down on corruption, to boost people’s happiness. In addition, mental health problems such as clinical depression and anxiety have a huge impact on people's well-being. Yet mental health issues are often ignored by policy-makers，the study found.
"There is now a rising worldwide demand that policy be more closely aligned with what really matters to people as they themselves characterize their well-being," said study co-author Jeffery Sachs, director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, in a statement.”More and more world leaders are talking about the importance of well-being as a guide for their nations and the world. The World Happiness Report offers rich evidence that the systematic measurement and analysis of happiness can teach us a lot about ways to improve the world’s well-being and sustainable development."
Happy citizens also make for better countries: The report found that happiness makes
for people who live longer, more productive lives, have higher earnings and are better citizens.
单选题第1题The World Happiness Report of the United Nations General Assembly did NOT ______.
A.analyze the factors of well-being
B.show people living in Scandinavia are happy
C.rank countries based on measures of well-being
D.indicate GDP is an important factor leading to happiness
参考答案：D
答案解析：细节题。根据选项关键词定位原文第1段第2句，可排除A和C，由第1段第1句可以排除B。 D未提及，故选D。
单选题第2题It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Bhutan is a country ______.
A.with the highest GDP in the world,
B.with the lowest GDP in the world
C.where the government doesn’t attach much importance to GDP
D.where the people believe GDP is a key factor of well-being
参考答案：C
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第2段，可知Bhutan （不丹）采用gross national happiness （国民幸福指数），而不用GDP （国内生产总值），其原因是他们认为GDP这样的指标并不能反映人民生活的真谤，故选C （政府并不重视国内生产总值）。
单选题第3题The study made last year showed that ______.
A.the more GDP increases, the happier the country is
B.the more GDP increases, the less happier the country is
C.GDP has nothing to do with the well-being of the people
D.increasing GDP doesn't necessarily bring happiness to people
参考答案：D
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第3段第1句， increasing GDP in a country doesn’t necessarily boost well-being （一国GDP之增长并不一定能提升幸福感），故选D （GDP的增长并不一定能为人民带来幸福） 。
单选题第4题The word "stagnate" underlined in Paragraph 3 is synonymous to ______.
A.bog down
B.cut down
C.break down
D.lay down
参考答案：A
答案解析：语义题。stagnate意为“停滞不前”，故选A （停顿，停滞不前） 。
单选题第5题According to Paragraph 5, Mexico, Panama and the United Arab Emirates______in the list of happiest countries.
A.ranked lower than the United States
B.ranked higher than the United States
C.ranked in the middle range
D.ranked higher than Scandinavian countries
参考答案：B
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第5段第2句The United States ranked the 17th， bested by Mexico， Panama and the United Arab Emirates.此句中bested过去分词作定语，修饰the United States。此题的核 心在于如何理解best这一单词在上下文中的意义。 best一般作形容词或副词的最高级，意为“最好，最 佳”，而在此句中该单词却作动词，这种用法较为罕见。字典对该词的解释是“v. （usually passive） to defeat or be more successful than sb. （通常用于被动）打败；胜过”，故选B （排名高于美国） 。
单选题第6题According to the passage, the new study assessed world happiness on ______.
A.a scale of 0 to 5
B.a scale of 5 to 10
C.a scale of 0 to 10
D.a scale of 0 to 100
参考答案：C
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第6段第1句，显然正确答案为C。
单选题第7题The study showed that the following factors contribute a lot to differences of well-being EXCEPT ______.
A.tolerance of corruption
B.a healthy and long life
C.GDP per capita
D.having people to depend on
参考答案：A
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第7段第1句，可知影响幸福感的6大主要指标如下:人均GDP、健康预期寿命、有依靠的人、做出人生选择的自由感、廉洁度、宽容度。将四个选项与上述指标比对后可知， A （对腐败的容忍度）与原文不符，故选A。
单选题第8题The findings of the new study indicated that the government should______to improve people’s happiness.
A.increase GDP
B.combat corruption
C.decrease GDP
D.boost corruption
参考答案：B
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第8段第1句，其中提到政策制定者通过反腐败等方法提升人民的幸福感，故选B （反对腐败） 。
单选题第9题According to Jeffery Sachs from Columbia University, the World Happiness Report ______.
A.provides evidence for leaders to establish policies
B.improves sustainable development
C.enhances people’s sense of well-being
D.impacts people’s mental health
参考答案：A
答案解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位第9段最后一句，其中提到the World Happiness Report的作用是offers rich evidence （提供有力的证据），证明系统评估和分析幸福感可以让我们了解提高全球幸福感和推动可持续发展的方法。由此可见，报告的作用在于提供证据，故选A （为各国领导制定政策提供证据） 。
单选题第10题The overall tone of this passage is ______.
A.Subjective
B.emotional
C.Pessimistic
D.Impartial
参考答案：D
答案解析：态度题。本题考查作者对幸福感这一主题的态度。从全文的叙述可以看出，作者凭借
的是大量的文献和翔实的数据，而非个人想象或偏见。故选D （中立的，公正的） 。
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