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Our senses are ______(91) in the past.There's a flash of lightning, and then seconds pass until we ______(92) the rumble of distant thunder.We hear the past.We are seeing into the past too.
______(93) sound travels about a kilometer every three seconds, light travels 300,000 kilometers every second.When we see a flash of lighting three kilometers away, we are seeing something that happened a hundredth of a millisecond ago.That’s not exactly the distant past.
But as we look further afield, we can peer further back.______(94) through a telescope, we can look even further into the past.If you really want to look back in time, you need to look up.
The Moon is our nearest celestial neighbor 一 a world with valleys, mountains and craters.It's also about 380,000km away, so it takes 1.3 ______(95) for light to______(96) from the Moon to us.We see the Moon not as it is, but as it was 1.3 seconds ago.
The Moon doesn't change much from instant to instant, but this 1.3-second delay is ______(97) when mission control talks to astronauts on the Moon.Radio waves travel at the speed of light, so a message ______(98) mission control takes 1.3 seconds to get to the Moon, and even the quickest of ______(99) takes another 1.3 seconds to come back.
It's not ______(100) to look beyond the Moon and further back in time.The Sun is about 150 million km away, so we see it as it was about 8 minutes ago.
Even our nearest planetary neighbors, Venus and Mars, are tens of millions of kilometers away, ______(101) we see them as they were minutes ago.When Mars is very ______(102) to Earth, we are seeing it as it was about three minutes ago, but at other times light takes more than 20 minutes to travel from Mars to Earth.
This ______(103) some problems if you're on Earth controlling a Rover on Mars.If you're driving the Rover at 1km per hour then the lag, ______(104) to the finite speed of light, means the Rover could be 200 meters ahead of ______(105) you see it, 156
and it could travel another 200 meters after you command it to hit the brakes.
Not surprisingly, Martian Rovers aren't breaking any speed records, travelling at 5cm per second (0.18kph or 0.11mph).On-board computers help with driving, to prevent rover wrecks with rovers following carefully ______(106) sequences and using on-board computers to ______(107) hazards and prevent punctures.
Let's go a bit further out in space.At its closest to Earth, Saturn is still more than a billion kilometers away, so we see it as it was ______(108) than an hour ago.
When the world______(109) into the Cassini spacecraft's plunge into Saturn's atmosphere in 2017, we were hearing echoes from a spacecraft that had already been destroyed more than an hour before.
So when you look up, remember you aren't seeing things as they are______(110); you're seeing things as they were.
(选自 The Conversation 2018年 12月27日 )
单选题第1题Our senses are ______(91) in the past.There's a flash of lightning
A.stuck
B.fallen
C.blocked
D.kept
参考答案:A
答案解析:词语搭配。be stuck in是固定搭配,意为“困住,陷于”,此句意为“我们的感官总是停留在过去”。其他选项均不符合题意,故选A。
单选题第2题and then seconds pass until we ______(92) the rumble of distant thunder.
A.see
B.fell
C.view
D.hear
参考答案:D
答案解析:语境推理。根据后面的the rumble of distant thunder,我们可以判断雷鸣是听见的。这句话的意思是“一道闪电划过,几秒后,我们才能听到远方轰隆隆的雷鸣声”。其他选项均不符合题意,故选D。
单选题第3题______(93) sound travels about a kilometer every three seconds
A.But
B.Yet
C.Since
D.While
参考答案:D
答案解析:逻辑衔接。本句大意为“声音每三秒钟传播约一公里,而光每秒传播30万公里”,While用于句首,两句之间形成意义对比的衔接关系,故选D。
单选题第4题______(94) through a telescope
A.Looked
B.Be looked
C.Looking
D.Being look
参考答案:C
答案解析:语法搭配。此选项考查非谓语动词,原文中,逻辑主语为we,与动词look 是主谓关系,且这里存在“主动”的概念,所以应选择looking。这句话的句意为 “通过望远镜观察,我们可以进一步了解过去” 。其他选项均不符合题意,故选 C。
单选题第5题so it takes 1.3 ______(95)
A.milliseconds
B.seconds
C.microseconds
D.nanoseconds
参考答案:B
答案解析:语境推理和词义辨析。通过后文“but as it was 1.3 seconds ago”可知此处 应选择 seconds。词义辨析:milliseconds 毫秒,seconds 秒,microseconds 微妙, nanoseconds纳秒,故只有B选项符合题意。
单选题第6题for light to______(96) from the Moon to us
A.travel
B.track
C.wend
D.spread
参考答案:A
答案解析:语境推理。前文的 “light travels 300,000 kilometres every second” ,光传播 和声音传播都用travel,其他选项均不符合题意,故选A。
单选题第7题but this 1.3-second delay is ______(97) when mission control talks to astronauts on the Moon
A.perceptible
B.negligible
C.sensible
D.impossible
参考答案:A
答案解析:词义辨析。mission control意为“航天地面指挥中心”,本句大意为“月球虽然在短暂的时间里变化不大,但当地面指挥中心与月球上的宇航员对话时, 这1.3秒的延迟却是可感知的” 。词义辨析:perceptible可感知的,negligible 可忽略不计的,sensible意识到的,impossible不可能的,故只有A选项符合题意。
单选题第8题so a message ______(98) mission control takes 1.3 seconds to get to the Moon
A.at
B.from
C.on
D.under
参考答案:B
答案解析:语境推理。前半句大意为“无线电波以光速传播,因此航天地面指挥中心发出的信息需要1.3秒才能到达月球” 。根据语境推断,信息是来自航天地面指挥中心的,故选B。
单选题第9题and even the quickest of ______(99) takes another 1.3 seconds to come back
A.replies
B.solutions
C.questions
D.answers
参考答案:A
答案解析:语境推理。句子大意为“无线电波以光速传播,因此来自航天地面指挥中心的信息需要1.3秒才能到达月球,即使是最快的回复也需要1.3秒” 。此处应选择 replies与come back相呼应,故选A。
单选题第10题It's not ______(100) to look beyond the Moon and further back in time
A.easy
B.simple
C.plain
D.hard
参考答案:D
答案解析:语境推理。因月球比太阳离地球更近,后一句大意为“太阳距离地球大约 1.5亿公里,所以我们看到的是大约8分钟前的样子” 。前一句大意为“我们不难 看到月球以外的其他星球,进而追溯更远的过去”。根据词义辨析,故只有D选项符合题意。
单选题第11题______(101) we see them as they were minutes ago
A.since
B.for
C.so
D.but
参考答案:C
答案解析:逻辑衔接。考查连词的选择,此句大意为“即使我们最近的行星邻居 金星和火星,也在数千万公里之外,______我们看到的是它们几分钟前的样子” 。根据前后句意,可以判断出此处为因果关系,故选C。
单选题第12题When Mars is very ______(102) to Earth
A.close
B.approaching
C.distant
D.remote
参考答案:A
答案解析:语境推理。本句大意为“当火星离地球最近时,我们看到的是它大约三分钟前的样子,但在其他时候,光从火星到地球需要20多分钟”。根据上下文判断,此处应选A。
单选题第13题This ______(103) some problems if you're on Earth controlling a Rover on Mars
A.informs
B.presents
C.imposes
D.emerges
参考答案:B
答案解析:语境推理和词义辨析。此句大意为“如果你在地球上控制火星上的探测车,会带来一些问题” 。根据词义辨析:informs通知,presents呈现、显现, imposes强加,emerges出现,故只有B选项符合题意。
单选题第14题______(104) to the finite speed of light
A.use
B.lead
C.due
D.take
参考答案:C
答案解析:词语搭配。此句意为“如果探测车以每小时一公里的速度前进,由于光的 传播速度是一定的,通过计算时间延迟,可以推测出它的实际位置可能比我们看到的更靠前200米” 。due to 固定搭配,意为“由于”,故只有C选项符合题意。
单选题第15题means the Rover could be 200 meters ahead of ______(105) you see it
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.what
参考答案:A
答案解析:语法搭配。这里考查where引导的名词性从句,此时where相当于the place where,而其他引导词均不符合题意,故选A。
单选题第16题to prevent rover wrecks with rovers following carefully ______(106)
A.planned
B.programmed
C.designed
D.arranged
参考答案:B
答案解析:词义辨析。本段中两次出现on-board computers,可推断出此处探测车严格 遵照程序运作。根据词义辨析:planned计划中的,programmed给 编写程序,designed设计的,arranged安排的,故只有B选项符合题意。
单选题第17题sequences and using on-board computers to ______(107) hazards and prevent punctures.
A.avoid
B.arouse
C.pose
D.avert
参考答案:A
答案解析:语境推理。本句大意为“探测车遵循程序序列运作,避免危险,并防止被刺中” 。根据词义辨析:avoid避免,arouse引发,pose造成,avert转移,此处avoid也与prevent相对应,故只有A选项符合题意。
单选题第18题so we see it as it was ______(108) than an hour ago.
A.sooner
B.earlier
C.less
D.more
参考答案:D
答案解析:词语搭配。此句大意为“即使在土星离地球最近的时候,也仍有十亿公里远,因此我们看到的土星是它一个多小时以前的样子” 。 more than…意为“多于,超过”,故只有D选项符合题意。
单选题第19题When the world______(109) into the Cassini spacecraft's plunge into Saturn's atmosphere in 2017
A.tuned
B.looked
C.reached
D.rolled
参考答案:A
答案解析:语境推理。联系上文可知,此句大意为“2017年,当人们听(看)到了飞 船落入土星大气层的消息时……”。根据词义辨析,tuned into调整(收音机、电 视)收听、收看,looked into调查、观察,reached into延伸到,rolled into滚入、 慢慢到来,故只有A选项符合题意。
单选题第20题So when you look up, remember you aren't seeing things as they are______(110)
A.past
B.lapsed
C.bygone
D.now
参考答案:D
答案解析:语境推理。根据后文“you're seeing things as they were” ,本句大意为“所以当你抬头时,记住,你看到的事物不是它现在的样子,而是它过去的样子”, 由此可以推断出此处应选择now,故只有D选项符合题意。
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