公共英语三级完形填空部分常见词汇辨析
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students
4. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
5. weather, climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you.
6. road, street, path, way
road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
7. course, subject
course课程(可包括多门科目)，subject科目(具体的学科)a summer course
8. custom, habit
custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
9. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
10. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise运动，锻炼(不可数)，exercises练习(可数)，practice(反复做的)练习
Practice makes perfect.
11. damage, damages
damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages
12. problem, question
problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用
13. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip
14. a number of, the number of
a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.
15. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
16. more than a year, more than one year
more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年(两年或三年等)
17. take advice, take the(one's) advice
take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.
18. take air, take the air
take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步 We take the air every day.
19. in a word, in words
in a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.
20. in place of, in the place of
in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
21. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海边 go by sea
22. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is
23. in office, in the office
in office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office.
24. in bed, on the bed
in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
25. in charge of, in the charge of
in charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
26. out of question, out of the question
out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的
27. not a little, not a bit
not a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。
28. many, much, a lot of
many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.
29. no, not
no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
30. no more than, not more than
no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过
31. majority, most
majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可 the majority of people
32. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，
自动的 The door opened of itself.
33. at all, after all
at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟 After all he is a child.
34. tall, high
tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.
35. fast, quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
36. high, highly
high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
37. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise
38. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
39. gold, golden
gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring
40. most, mostly
most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，
mostly大部分,是副词 most people, the people are mostly…
41. just, very
just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man
42. wide, broad
wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders
43. real, true
real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story
44. respectful, respectable
respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
45. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，
pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
46. understanding, understandable
understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的
an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
47. close, closely
close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close
48. ill, sick
ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
49. quiet, silent, still
quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。
50. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
51. able, capable
able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing…
52. almost, nearly
二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody
53. late, lately
late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.
54. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive
55. deep, deeply
deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
56. aloud, loud
aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud(出声地读)
57. worth, worthy
二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
58. bad, badly
bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad
I need the book badly.
59. before long, long before
before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
60. quite, rather
quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible
61. instead, instead of
instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中
He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
62. too much, much too
too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy
63. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk
64. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间;
pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱
65. learn, study
learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究
study the problem
66. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望(通常可以实现)，hope to do/ hope that… wish希望(通常不能实现)wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
67. discover, invent, find out
discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，
find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.
68. leave, leave for
leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
69. rob, steal
rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.
70. used to, be used to
used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.;被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.
71. win, lose, beat
win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
72. beat, hit, strike
beat连续性地击打;hit打中，对准打;strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings
73. be tired of, be tired with/from
be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters
74. care about, care for
care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意
He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
75. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而have a cold可以
She has had a cold for a week.
76. continue, last
二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
77. notice, observe, catch sight of
notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars
78. insist on, stick to
insist on坚持要求，后常接doing, stick to坚持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan
79. mean to do, mean doing
mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着
By this I mean giving the students more practice.
80. whether, if
当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用whether，当如果解时用if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.
81. as well, as well as
as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又;as well as并列连词，不但…而且…
He is a professor, and a writer as well.
82. arrive, get, reach
arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词
arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing
83. besides, except, except for
besides除了…还(包括在内)except除了(不包括在内)，
except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
84. choose, select
choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择 choose the best answer
85. be familiar to, be familiar with
be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物
The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.
86. agree with, agree to, agree on
agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan
87. receive, accept
receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
88. wear, put on, dress
wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作
It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
89. such…that, so…that
当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词，so…that修饰形容词或副词，
但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用so…that，不用such that
so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy
90. look, see, watch
look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV
91. lie, lay lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
92. hurt, injure, wound
hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.
93. close, shut, turn off
close和shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off用于指有开关的物体
Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.
94. at ease, with ease at ease舒适地，安逸地;with ease容易地，无困难地 do it with ease
95. day after day, day by day
day after day日复一日(无变化);day by day一天天地(有变化)Trees grow taller day by day.
96. between, among
between两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间
Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.
97. on earth, on the earth, in the earth
on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，
in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth
98. in the air, on the air, in the sky
in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中
His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.
99. through, across
through穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert
100. on the way, in the way
on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.
