After a long struggle for equality, it's no longer controversial in the United States that women are owed equal rights, equal dignity, equal protection of the law, and the same economic opportunities as men. Yet ・9 .
disagreements remain about what that means in practice and how far Americans are from realizing that vi sion.
No one is quite sure if today's investors in Bitcoin or Ethereum or Iota will grow rich or lose everything. And that veil of ignorance is useful for thinking through a fraught question: Will it be unjust if there is a significant gender imbalance in investor losses or gains?
That outcome is almost certain. u Data on who holds the anonymous currencies are hard to find，" Han nah Kuchler explains in the Financial Times, "but Uphold, a virtual currency wallet service that does back ground checks on its users, says 75 percent are men, while Coin Dance, which tracks statistics on the bitc oin community, found 97 percent of engagement was from men. "Anne Gaviola of CBC News concurs. Fig uring out exactly who is putting money into this kind of asset is difficult because part of the attraction of in vesting in the crypto realm is the assurance of anonymity,n she writes. "But survey after survey backs up what the anecdotal evidence suggests一women are underrepresented. v
Simply put, many more men are buying crypto than women. The combined market capitalization of all the currencies appears to exceed 300 billion dollars. And due to their greater participation in this extremely volatile and thus highly risky realm, men will likely wind up squandering(浪费的)hundreds of billions of dollars more than women—or else, perhaps, enjoying hundreds of billions in additional wealth.
Our uncertainty about the outcome of this natural experiment presents an opportunity to probe questions of risk-taking, gender, and equity behind a veil of ignorance. If present trends persist and men in aggregate choose to risk much more than women, will an aggregate difference in gains or losses in this realm be just or unjust? Would it change your answer if cryptocurrencies upended the financial system and the balance of wealth rather than constituting a relatively small portion of it?
Whatever happens next to cryptocurrencies, it's hard to see how the outcome will be equitable. Hope fully the exercise of thinking all of this through can help folks on all sides of related questions—and unde cided ,curious people like me——to clarify their own views, to understand others, and to think through out comes that are likely in our future.
1. What is the author's view towards the gender equality?
A) It is impossible to achieve total equality within a society.
B) It has a long way to go to realize gender equality in practice.
C) Gender equality has been highlighted by the public.
D) Gender equality is no longer a controversy.
2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that .
A) cryptocurrencies can bring men wealth
B) the majority of the wealth is owned by men
C) a larger percent of men are engaged in the crypto area
D) women are not allowed to invest in the crypto area
3. The expression "wind up" ( Line 3, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to .
A) end up with
B) take up
C) bring about
D) look forward to
4. The result of the experiment makes the author ponder .
A) how women can participate more in the crypto realm
B) what factors contribute to gender wealth gap
C) whether it is fair that fewer women are engaged in the crypto realm
D) whether women should cultivate their spirit of risking
5. In the last paragraph, the author shows his or her .
A) worries about the development of the crypto
B) vision about the development of the crypto
C) wishes that gender equality can be realized completely one day
D) expectation that more people can consider the possible solutions to crypto
参考答案：
漫长而艰苦的斗争过后,女性和男性享有平等的地位———权利平等、尊严平等、法律保护平等、经济机会平等———这在美国社会中已不再具有争议性。 然而,这在实践中意味着什么, 以及美国人距离实现这一愿景还有多远,分歧依然存在。
没人知道那些现在投资比特币、以太坊、Iota 的人,以后会赢得盆满钵满,还是会输得血本无归。 此种“ 无知之幕” 有助于人们思考一个令人疑惑的问题:无论盈亏,如果投资者的性别显著失衡,这会不会不公平?
结果基本可以肯定。 汉娜· 库赫勒在金融时报上这样解释道:“ 关于谁持有匿名货币的数据很难获得,但是,Uphold( 前称比特储) 这家虚拟货币钱包服务公司对其用户的背景进行了调查,得出结论 75% 的持有者是男性。 同时, Coin Dance 这家公司在比特币社区进行数据跟踪,发现 97% 的活动参与是来自男性的。” 来自CBC 的安妮·加维奥拉同意这一观点。 她写道: “ 要搞清楚到底是谁把钱投到这类资产上比较困难,因为投资加密领域,其吸引力的一部分在于匿名保证。 但一遍遍的调研均证实了传闻证据的可靠性———女性群体名额不足。”
简而言之,从密码货币的购买热情来看,男性远高于女性。 目前市面上流通的货币价值大约 3 000 多亿美元,且波动剧烈、风险极高。 由于男性更积极地参与进来, 最终可能导致两种结果———较之于女性,男性要么会输了数千亿美元的身家;要么会额外收入数千亿美元的财富。
这一自然实验结果的不确定性为我们提供了一个机会,来探究“ 无知之幕” 背后的冒险、性别和公平问题。 如果目前的趋势持续下 去,即男性比女性更倾于冒险,那么这个领域的收益或损失的总体差异是否公正? 如果加密货币颠覆了传统金融体系和财富平衡,而非融入其中,化作较小的组成部分,你会因此改变答案吗? 无论加密货币之后的发展何去何从,都看不
太出与“ 公平公正” 有什么联系。 希望深入研究本问题后,有关各方( 包括像笔者这种好奇观望的朋友) 可以理清思路,互相理解,共同思考加密货币未来的新出路。
1. 【答案】B)
【详解】 判断推理题。 根据第一段可知虽然
#FormatImgID_0#男人和女人在权利、尊严、法律、经济等方面实现了平等,但是在实际生活中距离男女平等的愿景还差很远,因此应选择 B)。 A) “ 在社会中完全实现男女平等是不可能的”,作者未表达此意。 C) “ 公众都非常重视男女平等” 文中未提到。 D) “ 性别平等不再是一个具有争议性的话题” 与原文相反。2. 【答案】C)
【详解】 判断推理题。 根据题干信息可定位到第三段,第三段中提到 75% 的匿名货币持有者是男性。 同时,Coin Dance 这家公司在比特币社区进行数据跟踪,发现 97% 的活动参与是来自男性。 因此可选择 C)。 A)“ 加密货币能给男人带来财富”,与原文不符,原文中提到可能会带来财富,也可能会输得血本无归。 B) “ 大部分财富掌握在男人手中” 文中未提到。 D) “ 女性不允许投资于加密货币” 与原文意思相反。
3. 【答案】A)
【详解】 单词题。 根据具体语境可知加密货币的风险很高,最终有可能会导致两种结果, 一种是会输了自己的身家,另一种是可能会收入数亿元的财富。 因此可知 wind up 意思是“ 以…… 结局”, 因此应选择 A)。 B) “ 从事”,C)“ 引起”,D)“ 期待” 均不合文意。
4. 【答案】C)
【详解】 事实细节题。 根据题干信息可定位到第五段,第五段中提到实验结果的不确定性为我们提供了一个机会, 来探究“ 无知之幕” 背后的冒险、性别和公平问题。 如果目前的趋势持续下去,即男性比女性更倾于冒险, 那么这个领域的收益或损失的总体差异是否公正? 因此本实验让作者思索收益或者损失背后的男女公平性,因此应选择 C)。 A) “ 女性如何才能更多地参与到加密货币中”, B) “ 是什么原因导致了性别财富差距”,D) “ 女性是否应该培养冒险精神” 均不合文意。
5. 【答案】D)
【详解】 推理判断题。 在最后一段中作者提到希望深入研究本问题后,有关各方( 包括像笔者这种好奇观望的朋友) 可以理清思路,互相理解, 共同思考加密货币未来的新出路。因此可以看出作者期待更多的人能够思考这一问题,因此应选 D)。 A) “ 对加密货币未来发展的担忧”,B) “ 对加密货币未来发展前景的展望”,C)“ 希望未来有一天能够全面实现男女平等” 均不符合文意。
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