2019年考研英语基础测试题9_第2页

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (40 points)

　　TEXT 1

　　How should one read a book? In the first place, I want to emphasize the question mark at the end of my beginning sentence. Even if I could answer the question for myself, the answer would apply only to me and not to you. The only advice, indeed, that one person can give another about reading is to take no advice, to follow your own instincts, to use your own reason, to come to your own conclusion. If this is agreed between us, then I feel at liberty to put forward a few ideas and suggestions because you will not allow them to restrict that independence which is the most important quality that a reader can possess. After all, what laws can be laid down about books? The battle of Waterloo was certainly fought on a certain day; but is Hamlet a better play than Lear? Nobody can say. Each must decide that question of himself. To admit authorities, however heavily furred and gowned, into our libraries and let them tell us how to read, what to read, what value to place upon what we read, is to destroy the spirit of freedom which is the breath of those sanctuaries. Everywhere else we may be bound by laws and conventions—there we have none.

　　But to enjoy freedom, if this old statement is pardonable, we have of course to control ourselves. We must not waste our powers, helplessly and ignorantly, spraying water around half the house in order to water a single rose-bush; we must train them, exactly and powerfully, here on the very spot. This, it may be, is one of the first difficulties that faces us in a library. What is “the very spot”? There may well seem to be nothing but a conglomeration and huddle of confusion. Poems and novels, histories and memoirs, dictionaries and blue-books; books written in all languages by men and women of all tempers, races, and ages jostle each other on the shelf. And outside the donkey brays, the women gossip at the pump, the colts gallop across the fields. Where are we to begin? How are we to bring order into this multitudinous chaos and so get the deepest and widest pleasure from what we read?

　　21. Which of the following is true about the question raised at the beginning of the passage?

　　[A] The author does have a universally correct answer to the question.

　　[B] The author implies that she is not interested in the question.

　　[C] The author thinks there may be different answers to the question.

　　[D] The author wonders if there is any point in asking the question.

　　22. A good reader should, according to the author, be able to

　　[A] maintain his own viewpoints concerning reading.

　　[B] take advice from everybody instead of any one person.

　　[C] share his experiences in reading with others.

　　[D] take the suggestions other people give him.

　　23. In comparing Hamlet with Lear, the author means that

　　[A] Hamlet is better than Lear.

　　[B] Hamlet is no any better than Lear.

　　[C] Both plays are good works.

　　[D] There is no way to tell which is better.

　　24. To the author, the advice in reading given by authorities is

　　[A] the most important for readers.

　　[B] unlikely to be helpful to readers.

　　[C] our guidance in choosing what to read.

　　[D] only useful in the libraries.

　　25. What is “one of the first difficulties that faces us in a library?” (Paragraph 2)

　　[A] We may become too excited to be quiet in the library.

　　[B] We do not make best use of the library books.

　　[C] We may get totally lost as to what to choose to read.

　　[D] We cannot concentrate on our reading in the library.

　　TEXT 2

　　Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one home to another. More broadly, though, migration means all the ways—from the seasonal drift of agricultural workers within a country to the relocation of refugees from one country to another.

　　Migration is big, dangerous, compelling. It is 60 million Europeans leaving home from the 16th to the 20th centuries. Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change: everyone’s solution, everyone’s conflict. As the century turns, migration, with its inevitable economic and political turmoil, has been called “one of the greatest challenges of the coming century.”

　　To demographer Kingsley Davis, two things made migration happen. First, human beings, with their tools and language, could adapt to different conditions without having to wait for evolution to make them suitable for a new niche. Second, as populations grew, cultures began to differ, and inequalities developed between groups. The first factor gave us the keys to the door of any room on the planet; the other gave us reasons to use them.

　　Over the centuries, as agriculture spread across the planet, people moved toward places where metal was found and worked and to centres of commerce that then became cities. Those places were, in turn, invaded and overrun by people later generations called barbarians.

　　In between these storm surges were steadier but similarly profound tides in which people moved out to colonize or were captured and brought in as slaves. For a while the population of Athens, that city of legendary enlightenment was as much as 35 percent slaves.

　　“What strikes me is how important migration is as a cause and effect in the great world events.” Mark Miller, co-author of The Age of Migration and a professor of political science at the University of Delaware, told me recently.

　　It is difficult to think of any great events that did not involve migration. Religions spawned pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and made new land available for the conquerors; political upheavals displaced thousands or millions; economic innovations drew workers and entrepreneurs like magnets; environmental disasters like famine or disease pushed their bedraggled survivors anywhere they could replant hope.

　　“It’s part of our nature, this movement,” Miller said, “It’s just a fact of the human condition.”

　　26. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT according to the first three passage

　　[A] Migration exerts a great impact on population change.

　　[B] Migration contributes to Mankind’s progress.

　　[C] Migration brings about desirable and undesirable effects.

　　[D] Migration may not be accompanied by human conflicts.

　　27. According to Kingsley Davis, migration occurs as a result of the following reasons EXCEPT .

　　[A] human adaptability

　　[B] human evolution

　　[C] cultural differences

　　[D] inter-group inequalities

　　28. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned as migrants in the passage?

　　[A] Farmers.　　[B] Workers.　　[C] Settlers.　　[D] Colonizers.

　　29. There seems to be a(n) relationship between great events and migration.

　　[A] loose　　[B] indefinite　　[C] causal　　　[D] remote

　　30. The author uses the example of Athens to show that .

　　[A] Athens was built mainly by slaves

　　[B] Athens enlightenment has nothing to do with slaves

　　[C] Slaves are too many at that time

　　[D] Migration never stopped even between big human conflicts