Text 2
“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii’s last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.
At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world’s most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea’s peak rises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.
Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.
Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island’s inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.
Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.
The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.
26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates
[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.
[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.
[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.
[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.
27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to
[A] its geographical features
[B] its protective surroundings.
[C] its religious implications.
[D] its existing infrastructure.
28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because
[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.
[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.
[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.
[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.
29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy
[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.
[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.
[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.
[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.
30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of
[A] severe criticism.
[B] passive acceptance.
[C] slight hesitancy.
[D] full approval.
婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫绠伴柟缁㈠枛閻ら箖鏌eΟ鎸庮仩濞存粠浜缁樻媴閸涘﹨纭€缂備緡鍣崹璺虹暦濠靛柈鏃堝川椤撳浄闄勯幈銊ノ熼崹顔惧帿闂佸搫鎷嬮崜鐔煎蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷闂傚倸鍊烽悞锕傚箖閸洖纾块柧蹇e亝閸欏繐螖閿濆懎鏆欓柣鎺戠仛閵囧嫰骞掗崱妞惧闂備礁鎽滈崰鎰箾婵犲洤绠氬〒姘e亾妞ゃ垺鐩幃娆撴嚑椤掆偓閹藉姊洪懡銈呅eù婊€绮欏畷婵囨償閵娿儳顔戝┑鐘诧工閻楀﹪鎮¤箛娑欑厱闁斥晛鍟粈鍫熴亜閿旇偐鐣甸柡灞剧洴閹瑥顔忛鍏碱啀闂備線鈧偛鑻晶顔剧磽瀹ュ拑韬柛鈹惧亾濡炪倖甯婇懗鍫曞Υ閹烘鐓熼柣鏂挎憸缁犵偤鏌″畝瀣瘈鐎规洘甯℃俊鍫曞川椤撶媭鍟囬梺鑽ゅ枑缁秴顭垮鈧棟闂傚牊绋撻弳锕傛煟濡鍤欓柛鎰ㄥ亾闂備焦瀵ч弻銊︽櫠娴犲绠熼柛褎顨嗛悡鐔兼煟濡儤鈻曢柛搴$箻閺屾盯鎮ゆ担鍝ヤ桓閻庢鍠楁繛濠囧极閹邦厼绶為悗锝庡亝閻濐偊姊虹拠鑼闁稿濮磋灋闁告洦鍘奸ˉ姘舵煕瑜庨〃鍡涘磻閿濆鐓曢柕澶嬪灥閸熺娀骞愰崘顏嗙=闁稿本姘ㄥ瓭濡炪倧绠撳ḿ褔顢氶敐鍡欘浄閻庯綆浜為崝鎾⒑閸涘﹤濮傞柛鏂块叄瀹曟劙骞掗幘鍓侇啎闂佽鍎抽顓€€傞懠顒傜<閻庯綆鍋呯亸顓㈡煃缂佹ɑ宕屾鐐差儔閹瑥鈻撻幐搴c偒闂傚倷绶氬ḿ褔藝椤撱垹纾规俊銈呮噺閸嬶繝鏌熼柇锕€鍔楅幖娣妼閻愬﹪鏌ㄥ┑鍡樺櫣闁冲嘲顦扮换娑氣偓鐢登圭敮鍫曟煙閸愯尙绠崇紒顔碱儔楠炴帒螖閳ь剙顔忓┑鍥ヤ簻闁圭儤鍨甸埀顒傛櫕閹广垽骞嬮敂瑙f嫼闂佸憡绋戦敃锕傚箠閸愵喗鐓曞┑鐘辫兌閻瑩鏌涢埞鎯т壕婵$偑鍊栧濠氬磻閹剧粯鐓曢柣妯虹-閵嗘帗淇婇崣澶婂闁宠鍨垮畷鍫曟晜閸撗呮毎闂傚倷鑳舵灙闁哄牜鍓涚划娆撳箳閺冨倷绗夐梺鍦劋閺岋繝宕戦幘鏂ユ灁闁割煈鍠楅悘鍫ユ⒑缁嬪尅姊楃紒顔界懇閵嗕礁鈻庨幘鍐茬獩闁诲孩绋掕摫婵炲懏鐗犻幃妤呭礂婢跺﹣澹曢梻浣告啞閸旀牠宕曢崘娴嬫灁闁哄被鍎查埛鎴︽煕韫囨挸鎮戠紒鑸电叀閺屾盯鎮㈢捄鍝勭ギ閻庢鍣崑濠囩嵁濡皷鍋撻棃娑橆棌婵炴潙瀚板娲濞戣鲸肖闂佺ǹ瀛╂繛濠傤嚕閹剁瓔鏁囬柕蹇ョ磿閸樻悂姊虹粙鎸庢拱婵ǜ鍔庣划鏂棵洪鍛幈闁瑰吋鐣崹铏逛焊閿旇姤鍙忓┑鐘插亞閻撶厧鈹戦埄鍐╁€愬┑锛勫厴婵$兘濡疯钃遍梻鍌欑劍閻綊宕洪崟顖氬瀭濞村吋娼欓悿顕€鏌℃径濠勬皑闁哄妫冮弻鐔告綇閸撗呮殸缂備讲鍋撻柛鎰靛枟閻撴洘绻涢幋婵嗚埞鐎殿噣绠栭弻娑㈡偄闁垮鎮欓梺瀹犳椤︾敻鐛鈧幖褰掝敃閿濆懎澹嶉梻鍌欑窔濞艰崵绱為崱娑樺瀭闁割偅娲栭弸浣衡偓骞垮劚椤︿即寮查幖浣圭叆闁绘洖鍊圭€氾拷
一级建造师二级建造师消防工程师造价工程师土建职称房地产经纪人公路检测工程师建筑八大员注册建筑师二级造价师监理工程师咨询工程师房地产估价师 城乡规划师结构工程师岩土工程师安全工程师设备监理师环境影响评价土地登记代理公路造价师公路监理师化工工程师暖通工程师给排水工程师计量工程师