Java面向对象：Java抽象类

在Java语言中使用abstract class来定义抽象类。如下实例：

/* 文件名 : Employee.java */
public abstract class Employee
{
   private String name;
   private String address;
   private int number;
   public Employee(String name, String address, int number)
   {
      System.out.println("Constructing an Employee");
      this.name = name;
      this.address = address;
      this.number = number;
   }
   public double computePay()
   {
     System.out.println("Inside Employee computePay");
     return 0.0;
   }
   public void mailCheck()
   {
      System.out.println("Mailing a check to " + this.name
       + " " + this.address);
   }
   public String toString()
   {
      return name + " " + address + " " + number;
   }
   public String getName()
   {
      return name;
   }
   public String getAddress()
   {
      return address;
   }
   public void setAddress(String newAddress)
   {
      address = newAddress;
   }
   public int getNumber()
   {
     return number;
   }
}

注意到该Employee类没有什么不同，尽管该类是抽象类，但是它仍然有3个成员变量，7个成员方法和1个构造方法。 现在如果你尝试如下的例子：

/* 文件名 : AbstractDemo.java */
public class AbstractDemo
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {
      /* 以下是不允许的，会引发错误 */
      Employee e = new Employee("George W.", "Houston, TX", 43);

      System.out.println("\n Call mailCheck using Employee reference--");
      e.mailCheck();
    }
}

当你尝试编译AbstractDemo类时，会产生如下错误：

Employee.java:46: Employee is abstract; cannot be instantiated
      Employee e = new Employee("George W.", "Houston, TX", 43);
                   ^
1 error