(2015·课标全国·D)
Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope.This evening，as on every Thursday night，psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite pastimes，coffee drinking and the “talking cure”.Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isn't always easy.The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session—are quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say ‘one feels，’ or ‘people think’，”Lehanne told them.“Say ‘I think，’ ‘Think me’.”
A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more unFrench.But Lehanne's psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes.Over the years，Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours，a fastfood boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology，history，and engineering are catching on，filling tables well into the evening.
The city's “psychology cafes”，which offer great comfort，are among the most popular places.Middleaged homemakers，retirees，and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love，anger，and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel.“There's a strong need in Paris for communication，”says Maurice Frisch，a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up.”Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France.“If people had normal lives，these cafes wouldn't exist，”she says.“If life weren't a battle，people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.”But then，it wouldn't be France.
文章大意：本文主要讲述了在法国“精神咖啡馆”的社会意义和特色功能。
1.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?
A.Learn a new subject.
B.Keep in touch with friends.
C.Show off their knowledge.
D.Express their true feelings.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings。可知，乔普咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。故选D项。
2.How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?
A.They are less frequently visited.
B.They stay open for longer hours.
C.They have bigger night crowds.
D.They start to serve fast food.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句Over the years，Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours，a fastfood boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.可知，多年来，巴黎的咖啡馆成了法国生活方式改变的受害者，句中破折号后面的内容指的就是现在的法国生活方式，即更长的工作时间、快餐的兴起和年轻人喜欢花更多的时间呆在家里，这些生活方式的改变都导致了人们不经常去咖啡馆，故选A项。
3.What are theme cafes expected to do?
A.Create more jobs.
B.Supply better drinks.
C.Save the cafe business.
D.Serve the neighborhood.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.可知，很多新主题咖啡馆的出现似乎改变了现状，也就是拯救了咖啡业，故选C项。
4.Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?
A.They bring people true friendship.
B.They give people spiritual support.
C.They help people realize their dreams.
D.They offer a platform for business links.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句The city's“psychology cafes”，which offer great comfort，are among the most popular places.可知，精神咖啡馆在巴黎成为最受欢迎的地方之一，是因为它们给予人们很大的安慰，即给予了人们精神上的支持，故选B项。
(二)根据文意结论推断作者意图或态度
(2015·课标全国·C)
More students than ever before are taking a gap year (间隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the “year off”between school and university.The gapyear phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.
This year,25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year，according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).
That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，”he said.
But not everyone is happy.Owain James，the president of the National Union of Students(NUS)，argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，”he said.
文章大意：本文讲述了在美国，越来越多的高中毕业生通过休学一年的方式(gap year)来积累经验，为未来的大学生活做准备，但是也有人认为，在这一年里很多学生不得不被迫打工赚取上学的费用。
5.What do we learn about the gap year from the text?
A.It is flexible in length.
B.It is a time for relaxation.
C.It is increasingly popular.
D.It is required by universities.
答案：C 细节理解题。由第一段第一句More students than ever before are taking a gapyear (间隔年)before going to university.及第三段第一句That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.可知，间隔年越来越受到欢迎，故选C项。
6.According to Tony Higgins，students taking a gap year______.
A.are better prepared for college studies
B.know a lot more about their future jobs
C.are more likely to leave university in debt
D.have a better chance to enter top universities
答案：A 推理判断题。由题干中的人名Tony Higgins定位到文章第三段，根据他所说的话“Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，”可知，他认为，花费一年时间计划的学生更成熟和有责任感，由此可以推断出他认为他们能更好地为大学学习做准备，故选A项。
7.How does Owain James feel about the gapyear phenomenon?
A.He's puzzled. B.He's worried.
C.He's surprised. D.He's annoyed.
答案：B 推理判断题。由题干中的Owain James定位到文章最后一段，根据第二句...young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.可知，越来越多的学生会在结束学业之前被迫去挣钱，他对此是担忧的，故选B项。
8.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?
A.Attend additional courses.
B.Make plans for the new term.
C.Earn money for their education.
D.Prepare for their graduate studies.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods...可知此处应选C项。
