单项填空
1. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is ________ to get the victim to the doctor or the hospital at once.
A. valid B. vital C. various D. vast
【解析】选B。考查形近词辨析。句意: 如果是二度或者三度烧伤, 至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。valid有效的; vital极其重要的; various各种各样的; vast广阔的, 巨大的。根据句意选B。
2. (2015·淮阴中学模拟)Mr. Johnson gave us a report last night, which ________ what he did to what he said.
A. related B. joined
C. agreed D. satisfied
【解析】选A。句意: 约翰森先生昨天晚上给了我们一份报告, 将他所做的和所说的联系在一起。relate . . . to. . . “将……与……联系起来”符合语境。join . . . with. . . “把……与……连接起来”; agree“同意”; satisfy“使满意”。
3. (2015·南京模拟)We need parental ________ before allowing students to go on field trips.
A. enjoyment B. acceptation C. certification D. approval
【解析】选D。句意: 在允许学生实地考察之前, 我们需要得到父母的同意。approval“同意, 赞成”, 符合句意。enjoyment“乐趣”; acceptation“通用意义”; certification“证明”。
4. Once you have become ________ to cigarette smoking or alcohol, it is hard to ________ it even though you try hard.
A. used; get away with B. addicted; get rid of
C. adapted; get down to D. accustomed; get off
【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意: 一旦你抽烟或喝酒上瘾后, 即使你努力也很难戒掉。become/be addicted to“上瘾”符合题意。be used to习惯于; be adapted to适应; be accustomed to习惯于; get away with逃脱惩罚; get down to开始认真做; get off下车; get rid of戒掉。
5. Personally, I’ve never ________ the view that either sex is superior to the other.
A. accounted for B. submitted to
C. allowed for D. subscribed to
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我个人从来都不同意性别有优劣之分的观点。subscribe to同意。
6. (2015·启东中学模拟)John has great writing ________ , but he needs training to be a real writer.
A. promotion B. potential
C. privilege D. possibility
【解析】选B。句意: 约翰有巨大的写作潜力, 但是要成为一名真正的作家, 他还需要培训。promotion提升; potential潜力; privilege特权; possibility可能性。根据语境“成为一名真正的作家, 培训”推知此处意思为“巨大潜力”。
7. Everybody is ________ at the news that there might be another earthquake, and nobody dares to sleep inside the building.
A. alarmed B. annoyed
C. astonished D. embarrassed
【解析】选C。句意: 每个人对于可能有另一场地震的消息感到震惊, 没有人敢在楼房里睡觉。alarm使恐慌; annoy使烦恼; astonish使震惊; embarrass使尴尬。be astonished at“对……感到震惊”, 符合语境。
【拓展延伸】
-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别
(1)以后缀-ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人, 不用于说明事物, 即使它们所修饰的名词是事物, 那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。例如:
He had a pleased smile on his face.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
He told me the news in a very excited voice.
他声音很激动地告诉了我这个消息。
第一句中的a pleased smile意为“满意的微笑”, 它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑; 第二句中的a very excited voice指的是“很激动的声音”, 即指的是某人因很激动而发出那样的声音。
(2)以后缀-ing结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying等)主要用于说明事物, 表示事物的性质或特征, 若用它们说明人, 则表示此人具有此性质或特征。例如:
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
