Ⅱ . 完形填空(二)
Olympic building projects are at risk because skilled Polish workers are going back home and there are not enough skilled British workers to replace 16.________. A quick training plan is being put in place to teach British people basic construction 17.________specifically for Olympic projects. As the Polish builders are beginning to go back home, migrant workers from other parts of Eastern Europe are taking their places. 18.________，they don’t seem to be as well trained or have the same work ethics as the Polish workers. The Olympic Delivery Authority, the London Development Agency (LDA) and other partner organizations are going to spend ￡20 million—23 per cent of 19.________training budget for London 2012—in increasing the skills of the British workforce to 20.________the construction needs of the Olympics. They are also training electricians. A total of 1,500 workers nationwide will become fully skilled electricians 21.________attending the program. These workers will then work on building the Olympic Village. Iain MacDonald, head of a training program, told The Times, “All the way along we have been holding the view 22.________ we can’t rely on migrant labour. We have to put in plans for the long term. We can’t rely on migrant labour all the time. Britain has become too dependent on the migrant labour force. It is better to develop the skills of the 23.________population.”
Ⅲ . 阅读理解
Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now，and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them;often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes.Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore.At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries;however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S.， for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell.A third department looks at the places where people work，and then reports any company that is breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course，new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness，but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.
24.The main topic of the passage is________.
A.conditions in the work place
B.the freedom of industries in the past
C.changes in industrial production
D.the safety and health of workers and customers
25.It can be inferred from the passage that in the past________.
A.workers often got ill because of the poor working conditions
B.companies were free to put out any products they wanted to
C.many people were killed by dangerous products
D.industries were as careful in management as they are today
26.It is implied in the passage that________.
A.governments and companies had different opinions about the safety of products
B.governments paid little attention to the safety of products
C.government officials often did not listen to scientists
D.in the past no safety laws were introduced by governments
27.Some years ago safety rules________.
A.were put forward due to scientists’ recommendations
B.came into being as a result of the workers’ demands
C.were introduced because quite a number of people were killed or seriously injured
D.were effective enough to protect workers and customers
28.The special departments protect customers and workers in many ways EXCEPT by________.
A.testing new products
B.controlling the sale of products
C.designing new products
D.inspecting work places
参考答案
Ⅰ.1.C 本题中lack为及物动词，此处是一种省略形式，相当于though they lacked money。
2.D 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。
3.C date back to(date from) 从……时就有，回溯到;look around (=look round) 到处寻找，察看;think back to 回忆，想起;think over 考虑。根据句意选C。
4.C available 可以得到的;precious 宝贵的;vacant 空缺的;unusable 不能用的。根据句意选C。
5.C 6.C
7.D break up 打碎，破碎;break away 突然离开，脱离;break out 突发，爆发;break down 毁掉，(身体)垮掉。此处解释为(身体)垮掉。
8.B 句意为：刚才提到的问题很重要。problem与refer to 是被动关系，故选B。
9.D 考查倒装。“Only+状语从句”置于句首，要引起部分倒装。
10.C 考查动词短语辨析。come up with good ideas“ 想出好主意”。
11.D 考查副词词义。只要知道词义即可选出答案，该题较为简单。partly“部分地”;merely“只不过”; nearly“几乎”;equally“同样地，相等地”。
12.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们想要成功，知识和学习都是重要的，但是，它们也许也会限制我们的思维。direct 指导，引导;change 改变，变化;improve 提高，改善。根据语境只有B项“限制”符合语意表达。
13.C 考查短语。句意：尽管对那枚邮票很感兴趣，但那个人还是假装一点都不感兴趣，结果他以半价买了它。由语意可判断选C。
14.A 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构是解答此题的关键。句中“human activities have contributed to”为定语从句修饰“problems”，need为整句的谓语动词，根据句型“主语+need+doing/to be done”可判断选A。
15.A It being Saturday为独立主格结构，rather than后接动词原形;prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事。
Ⅱ.16.them 此空指代“skilled Polish workers”，故填them。
17.skills 根据语境可判断此处意为“建筑技巧”，故填skills。
18.However 根据前后的转折关系可判断填However。
19.the/their 此处特指“训练预算”，故填the/their。
20.meet/satisfy “满足要求”习惯用meet/satisfy表达。
21.by by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。
22.that 该空引导同位语从句，具体说明view的内容，故填that。
23.local/native 此处指“本地人口”，故填local/native。
Ⅲ.本文为说明文。文中首先指出在过去，工人在工作中、顾客使用新产品时的安全与健康得不到保障，导致一些灾难的发生。这致使政府采取相关政策，以保障人们的安全与健康。
24.D 主旨大意题。全文通过对比过去与现在，说明了全文的主题是：工人与顾客的安全与健康。故选D。
25.A 推理判断题。根据第一段often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers可推断过去工人常常因工作环境的恶劣而生病，故选A。
26.D 推理判断题。根据二段however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.可推断政府过去并未引进相关的安全措施，故选D。
27.C 细节理解题。根据第二段New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries可判断选C。
28.C 细节理解题。分析最后一段可知，C项内容不符合文意，故选C。
