专题十三 说明文
A
(2014·安徽蚌埠第三次质检)
In Britain,people have different attitudes to the police.Most people generally 1 them and the job they do—although there are certain people who do not believe that the police 2 have the power that they do.
What does a policeman actually do?It is not 3 job to describe.After all,a policeman has a number of jobs in 4 .A policeman often has to control traffic,either 5 foot in the center of a town,or in a police car on the roads.Indeed,in Britain,he might be in the Traffic Police and spend all,or a lot of,his time 6 up and down main roads and motorways(高速公路).A traffic policeman has to help keep the traffic moving,stop 7 drivers and help when there is an accident.
A policeman has to help keep the 8 ,too.If there is a fight or some other disturbance,we 9 the police to come and restore(恢复) order.And they often have to 10 the situation at great risk to their own 11 .
We expect the police to solve crimes,of course,so an ordinary policeman, 12 he is not a detective,will often have to help 13 and arrest criminals.
And 14 do well when there is an emergency—an air crash,a 15 ,a road accident,or a robbery?We call the police. 16 a policeman has to be 17 to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the 18 world.
The police do an absolutely necessary job.They do it 19 well and I support them,but I do not envy policemen.I do not think that I could 20 do the job of a policeman.
1.A.dislike B.join C.appreciate D.admire
2.A.should B.would C.could D.must
3.A.a funny B.a pleasant
C.an interesting D.an easy
4.A.it B.one C.him D.them
5.A.on B.by C.under D.with
6.A.walking B.driving C.wandering D.running
7.A.rested B.tiring C.speeding D.waken
8.A.peace B.silence C.situation D.condition
9.A.wait for B.see C.think of D.expect
10.A.turn to B.avoid C.deal with D.treat
11.A.safety B.families C.future D.friends
12.A.although B.as if C.however D.even if
13.A.get rid of B.question C.look for D.sentence
14.A.how B.where C.what D.who
15.A. power failure B.fire
C.thunderstorm D.thief
16.A.Yet B.Then C.As D.So
17.A.provided B.promised C.prepared D.presented
18.A.future B.modern C.real D.past
19.A.extremely B.specially
C.surprisingly D.particularly
20.A.hardly B.forever C.ever D.never
B
(2014·河北保定二模)
In America,if you are invited to a wedding,baby shower,bar mitzvah(成年礼)or other celebrations,you’re 1 to bring a gift.Usually,it should be modest in 2 ,about $25.
For a wedding,the bride will often have “registered” a 3 of gifts at a local department store,indicating the items she 4 .When you buy a registered item,tell the store that you’re doing this,so the couple doesn’t receive the 5 gift twice.For a baby shower,bring a gift 6 for a newborn baby.For a bar mitzvah,bring a gift appropriate for a 13-year-old boy. 7 they are such important occasions,gifts for bar mitzvahs tend to be more 8 ,for example,a gold-plated pen. 9 the pen by carving the boy’s full name will be appreciated.
If you wish to give a gift to American friends,choose something that is 10 to your country.It needn’t be valuable or 11 ,just typical of your homeland. 12 include a book about your country,an inexpensive souvenir,or something else that reflects your 13 .Young children who like collecting will probably be very 14 with a set of your country’s coins or stamps.Items that are 15 in your country but difficult to find abroad are also good.
If 16 with an American family,a good way of expressing your thanks is to take them to a form of 17 ,such as a basketball game or a concert.
When giving gifts to a business acquaintance,don’t give anything too 18 ,especially to a woman.A scarf or a hat is OK,but other types of 19 are not.Something appropriate for the 20 is best.
1.A.invited B.called C.expected D.thought
2.A.appearance B.value C.weight D.size
3.A.list B.line C.number D.pack
4.A.prefers B.owns C.uses D.imagines
5.A.little B.good C.similar D.same
6.A.demanding B.suitable C.cheap D.expensive
7.A.Although B.Because C.When D.Therefore
8.A.modest B.cheerful C.normal D.formal
9.A.Personalizing B.Replacing
C.Making D.Changing
10.A.convenient B.appropriate
C.unique D.beneficial
11.A.colorful B.rare C.priceless D.nice
12.A.Opportunities B.Expectations
C.Inventions D.Possibilities
13.A.character B.interest C.culture D.progress
14.A.annoyed B.impressed C.disappointed D.puzzled
15.A.limited B.useful C.common D.special
16.A.arguing B.departing C.meeting D.staying
17.A.education B.discussion
C.exercise D.entertainment
18.A.heavy B.simple
C.personal D.professional
19.A.clothing B.fortune C.jewelry D.equipment
20.A.office B.home C.fun D.date
##
A
1.C 根据破折号后面的解释可知,此处表示大部分人总体上是“感激(appreciate)”警察及他们的工作的。
2.A 由although的让步关系可知,有些人相信警察并不“应该(should)”有他们该有的权力。
3.D 回答警察真正做什么这个问题并不“容易(easy)”,根据after all后面的说明可知,警察的工作内容较为繁杂。
4.B 该处意思是警察集多种工作于一身,即一身兼多任,故填one。
5.A 根据常识可知,警察是站在街道中央,或者是在警车里维持交通秩序的,故此处用介词on。
6.B 由后面的up and down main roads and motorways可知,警察的所有或许多时间都花在了主要街道及高速公路上。
7.C 根据常识可知,交警的任务之一是阻止司机“超速(speeding)”行驶。
8.A 由后面一句“If there is a fight or some other disturbance”可知,警察的另一个任务就是维护“和平(peace)”。
9.D 居民“指望(expect)”警察来恢复秩序。由下一段中的“We expect the police to solve crimes...”也可得到暗示。
10.C 警察常常会在十分危险时“处理(deal with)”一些情况。
11.A 在处理一些情况时,警察自身的“安全(safety)”常处于危险之中。
12.D 此处后面引导一个让步状语从句,说明的是一个“即使(even if)”不是侦探的普通警察,也经常得帮助逮捕罪犯。
13.C 由后面的arrest criminals可知,即使一位普通警察也常会帮助“搜寻(look for)”和逮捕罪犯。
14.D 这是一个问句,根据紧接着的那句所作出的回答“We call the police.”可知,此处应用who问“谁”。
15.B 所填词和an air crash,a road accident,a robbery都属于emergency,故填fire。
16.D 此处是对上面的说明加以总结,故用so表示“因此”。
17.C 上文提到诸多的紧急情况就是说明警察得时刻“准备(prepare)”面对这些紧急情况。
18.B 此处说明的是现代社会可能出现的情况。
19.A 由后面说明的I support them可知,此处表示作者认为警察的工作做得“极其(extremely)”好。
20.C 由but的转折可知,此处用ever。
B
1.C 在美国,如果你受邀参加婚礼、婴儿洗礼、成年礼或其他的庆祝活动时,你要带礼物。be expected to do“被期待,被指望”。答案为C项。
2.B 根据后面about $25可知,礼物在价值上不宜过高。A项“外貌,外表”;B项“价值”;C项“重量,体重”;D项“尺寸,大小”。答案为B项。
3.A 新娘通常会在本地的百货商店已经登记了礼物清单,标明了她喜欢的东西。a list of“一份……的清单”。答案为A项。
4.A 根据第3题分析可知答案为A项。
5.D 当你买了已经被新娘登记的商品时,一定要告诉店里你买的是什么,这样的话新婚夫妇就不会收到两份相同的礼物了。答案为D项。
6.B 对于婴儿洗礼这样的庆祝活动,一定要带适合新生儿的礼物。A项“要求高/多的”;B项“适合的”;C项“便宜的”;D项“昂贵的”。答案为B项。
7.B 因为成年礼是很重要的活动,所以礼物一般都比较正式。前后为因果关系,所以答案为B项。
8.D 根据第7题分析可知答案为D项,意为“正式的,正规的”。A项“谦虚的”;B项“兴高采烈的,高兴的”;C项“正常的,标准的”。答案为D项。
9.A 根据后面by carving the boy’s full name可知,这种刻着男孩全名的镀金的钢笔更个性化,所以答案为A项。A项“使个性化”;B项“替代”;C项“做,制造,赚钱,使得”;D项“改变,变换”。
10.C 根据后文提到的关于你的国家的书籍,能反映自己国家文化的礼物等等可以推知,送给美国朋友的礼物要有特色,所以答案为C项,意为“唯一的,独一无二的”。A项“方便的,便捷的”;B项“正确的,适当的,相称的”;D项“有益的”。
11.B 礼物要有特色,但没必要贵重或稀有。A项“多彩的”;B项“稀少的,罕见的”;C项“价值连城的,无价的”;D项“好的,美好的,令人愉快的”。答案为B项。
12.D 根据后面提到的礼物种类可知,这些都是对方可能会喜欢和接受的礼物,所以选择D项。A项“机会”;B项“期待,预料”;C项“发明”;D项“可能性,可能的事物”。
13.C 根据前面a book about your country可知答案为C项。something else that reflects your culture“能反映自己国家文化的其他东西”。
14.B 那些喜欢收集的孩子们会对你国家的硬币或邮票更感兴趣。A项“生气的,恼怒的”;B项“印象深刻的”;C项“失望的”;D项“迷惑不解的,糊涂的”。be impressed with“对……印象深刻,对……留下印象”。答案为B项。
15.C 根据后文but difficult to find abroad 可知,在你自己国家很普遍,但在国外很难寻觅的礼物也是很不错的选择。A项“有限的”;B项“有用的”;C项“普通的,共同的”;D项“特别的,特殊的”。答案为C项。
16.D 根据后文的a basketball game or a concert可知,这种礼物形式应该是和美国朋友一起参加活动,所以答案为D项。stay with“和……在一起”。
17.D 根据第16题分析可知,观看篮球比赛和听音乐会是不同的娱乐形式,所以选择D项“娱乐,消遣”。
18.C 根据后面提到的礼物形式可知,送给有商业往来的朋友的礼物不能太私人化。答案为C项“个人的,私人的”。A项“重的,强烈的”;B项“简单的,朴素的”;D项“专业的,职业的”。
19.A 前面提到的scarf“围巾”和hat“帽子”都属于衣着,由此推断此处选择A项“衣着,衣服”。B项“命运,财产,运气”;C项“珠宝”;D项“设备,装备”。
20.A 既然送给贸易伙伴的礼物不宜太私人化,那么适合办公室里用的礼物可能是最好的。答案为A项。
