1、不定冠词的基本用法：
① 泛指一个。如：There is a book on the table.
② 指人或事物的某一种类。如：His father is a driver. Longjing is a wonderful tea.
③ 指某一个人或事物，但不具体说明。如：My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire.
④ 用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。如：We have meals three times a
⑤ 表示同样的。如：They are of an age.(他们是同岁。)
⑥ 表数量，相当于one,但语意较弱。如：There is a pen and two books on the desk.
⑦ 使抽象名词具体化。如：The little girl is a help to her mother. (a hand译"帮手")
⑧ 固定搭配。如：as a matter of fact , in a hurry, in a word ,have a good time, have a headache, a few, a great
many students, a lot of, go for a walk, have breakfast, make a decision .
2、定冠词的基本用法：
① 表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful.
② 用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Close the window, please.
③ 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。
④ 用于表示方位的名词之前。如：the east, the right.
⑤ 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：the first, the tallest.
⑥ 用于形容词之前，使其名词化。如：the sick, the wounded, the deaf, the dumb(哑巴),the rich.
⑦ 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the United States, the United Nation.
⑧ 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake.
⑨ 用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如：The Smiths
⑩ 用于乐器的名词前。如：play the piano; play the violin.
⑩ 用于逢整十数词的复数前,定冠词有时可用于逢整十的复数数词前，表示世纪中的年代。如：
He moved to the south in the fifties. 他于50年代搬到了南方。
The war broke out in the 1980s. 战争爆发于20世纪80年代。
⑿ 发明物,如：The compass was invented in China.
⒀ 年代名词前,如：He lived in the countryside in the 1970s.
⒁ 固定词组中,如：in the morning(afternoon, evening), on the other hand , at the same time
at the same time 同时 by the way 顺便问一句
for the present 暂时 go to the cinema 看电影
in the end 最后 in the dark 在黑暗中，不知道
in the least 一点，丝毫 in the open 在野外
in the past 在过去 in the long run从长远来看
in the event of 万一 in the morning 在上午
in the way 挡道，碍事 on the whole总体上
on the other hand 另一方面 on the contrary相反地
out of the question不可能的
3、不用冠词的情况：
① 表示总称的复数名词之前。如：Children love cartoons.(儿童喜欢卡通影片。)
② 不含普通名词的专有名词前。如：We are studying English.
③ 名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如：I like this picture; I do not have
any money; As time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.
④ 季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。如：She likes spring most.
⑤ 呼语前不用冠词。如：What shall I do next, Mother?
⑥ 三餐饭前不用冠词。如：What did you have for lunch?
⑦ 节假日前不用冠词。如：People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.
⑧ 球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如：She is fond of playing basketball.
⑨ 在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如：arm in arm(手挽手); hand in hand(手牵手); side
by side(肩对肩); day and day(日日夜夜); young and old(老老少少); from door to door
(挨门挨户); from beginning to end(从头到尾); from morning till night(从早到晚)等。
(10) 某些用介词 by 构成的表方式的短语通常用零冠词：
① 表示乘坐交通工具：
by bus 乘公共汽车 by bike (bicycle) 骑自行车
by plane / by air乘飞机 by ship (boat) 坐船
by land 走陆路 by sea 走海路
② 表示用通讯或通信等方式：
by phone 用电话 by telegram 用电报
by letter 用信件 by post 用邮寄
by radio 用无线电 by hand 用手工
(11) 有些短语用零冠词和定冠词均可，只是含义不同：
out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不可能，不值得考虑的
keep house 料理家务 keep the house 呆在家里不外出
in charge of 负责，管理，主管 in the charge of 在…的管理(负责)之下
by day在白天 by the day按天计算
in case of以防 in the case of就……来说
in charge of负责，管理 in the charge of由……负责
in office执政 in the office在办公室
in sight(of)看见 in the sight(of)在……看来
go to sea去当水手 go to the sea到海边去
out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不可能
take advice征求意见 take the advice听从劝告
be of age成年 be of all age同龄
go to church去做礼拜 go to the church去教堂
in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱
特别提示：
当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词;表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：
He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed,他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。
典例：George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr.Anderson，but Lhe was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church.
A./;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;a
【解析】 C不定冠词用于表示星期的名词前，泛指“某个星期几”;at church表示“做礼拜”，at the church表示”在教堂”。故本题选C。
(12) 许多习语用零冠词：
at night在夜里;at home在家;day after day 日复一日;by telephone打电话;in danger在危险中;on purpose故意地。
catch fire 着火 give way 让路 lose heart 灰心
move house 搬家 send word 捎信 take place 发生
by chance 偶然 catch sight of 看见 make use of 利用
at day-break 在天亮时 before dawn 在天亮前
at dusk 在黄昏时 after sunset 在日落后
after sunrise 在日出前 towards dark 天快黑时
at midnight 在半夜 from dawn till dusk 从早到晚
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