2016年6月英语六级改革新学术讲座听力试题分析（二）

　　Johnson: Hello, class. Last week we invited Mrs. Leehere to talk about the United States being a meltingpot. Today, Mrs. Lee will continue talking somethingabout this. Welcome, Mrs. Lee.

　　Mrs. Lee: Thank you. We know the United States is a melting pot, where all the differentimmigrants mix together to create something new. Well, everything has exceptions, includingour melting pot. Inside the Mississippi River Valley, there is a large area that is part melting potand part garden salad. In Louisiana, or more specifically, New Orleans, there have been a fewmajor cultural influences that are different from the rest of the United States. (16) Unlike therest of the United States, which was colonized by England and Spain, New Orleans was mainly aFrench settlement. It also was a unique slave culture.

　　While the rest of the U.S. was a melting pot, mixing all its parts to create something new, NewOrleans became a garden salad. (17) Right now you may be asking yourself, "What does shemean by garden salad?" A garden salad has many parts that are combined to make a newflavor. Each piece retains its original identity, but combined they make something new, andhopefully better. This contrasts to the melting pot because in a melting pot, all pieces lose theiridentity to form something new.

　　So in New Orleans, we have a French beginning, with French culture, food, language andlifestyle. Added in over the centuries is a bit of a Spanish influence, when Spain controlled theterritory for about 50 years after the French and Indian War. (18) After that is the Americanand English influence after President Jefferson bought the territory from France. And lastly isan influx of Latino culture from Mexico and the Caribbean.

　　The result now is that New Orleans has a distinct culture apart from the United States. Becauseof their French ancestry, they have different expressions, such as they say "I'm makinggroceries," instead of our "I am grocery shopping." Again, this is because the French influence.In French, the direct translation is "to make groceries," not "to buy or go shopping."

　　16. What's the difference between New Orleans and the rest of the U.S.?

　　17. What do we know about a garden salad according to Mrs. Lee?

　　18. What is said about the culture in New Orleans?

　　同学们，大家好。上周我们请来了李老师为我们讲解美国作为文化大熔炉的话题。今天李老师将继续上一次的讲解，欢迎李老师。

　　谢谢。我们都知道美国是一个大熔炉，来自不同国家的移民聚集到一起形成了一个新的民族。凡是皆有例外，包括我们的这个“大熔炉”。在密西西比河谷内的一大片区域既像熔炉又像田园沙拉。在路易斯安那州，或者更精确些说是新奥尔良，有着一些与美国其他地区不同的主要文化因素。新奥尔良和美国的其他地方不同，它曾经主要是法国的殖民地，而且有着独特的奴隶制文化。

　　而美国其他地方曾是英国和西班牙的殖民地。因此美国其他地区成了一个熔炉，融合出新，而新奥尔良则像是一道田园沙拉。现在你可能暗自发问：“她说的田园沙拉是什么意思?”田园沙拉有很多部分组成，共同形成一种新奇的风味。每一部分保留其原来的特性，但是合在一起他们创造了一个新的整体，比简单集合更好的整体。它与熔炉不同是因为熔炉当中的每一部分在形成新事物的过程中丢失了自己的特性。

　　所以，奥尔良的源头是法国，有着法国的文化、饮食习惯、语言和生活方式。在以后几个世纪发展中，它受到了西班牙的影响。法国印第安人战争之后的五十年里，西班牙控制了这片土地。之后，杰斐逊总统从法国将这片土地购买之后它则开始受到英美文化的影响。而最近又有墨西哥和加勒比文化的注入。

　　因此，现在的结果就是，新奥尔良有着独立于美国的独特的文化特征。由于他们的祖先是法国人，他们的语言也很不相同。比如他们说“做杂货”而不是“买杂货”。这也是受法语的影响。在法语中“去杂货店买东西”的直接翻译是“做杂货”不是“买杂货”。

　　16.新奥尔良和美国其他地区的不同之处是什么?

　　17.根据李老师讲解，你对田园色拉了解了什么?

　　18.关于新奥尔良的文化文章中说到了什么?

　　参考答案：

　　【小题16】D

　　【小题17】A

　　【小题18】C

　　【小题19】C

　　16

　　A.New laws made it possible to buy farmland.

　　B.The government increased its agricultural imports.

　　C.Economic depressions lowered the prices of farm production.

　　D.Machine power could be used in the production and harvesting.

　　17

　　A.Drawing water from mines.

　　B.Improving product quality.

　　C.Transporting goods faster.

　　D.Reducing the air pollution.

　　18

　　A.It had many sheep farm there.

　　B.It had well established railway system.

　　C.It had many factories producing textiles.

　　D.It was the center of England.

　　19

　　A.Creating better working conditions.

　　B.Guaranteeing workers gain higher wages.

　　C.Giving workers rights and freedoms.

　　D.Protecting the safety of children.