2017年12月英语六级翻译考试试题：理藩院

　　请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

　　理藩院

　　理藩院是清朝时处理外藩事务的部门，始创于清朝皇太极年间。理藩院初掌蒙古事，随着清廷全国政权的建立，更为总管蒙古、西藏、新疆等地事务的中央机构。清统治者通过理藩院实施对各少数民族地区的统治，加强与他们的联系。清亡后，因帝国由统一的共和国所取代，再无藩属的概念，理藩部被撤消。

　　参考译文

　　Ministry of Minority Affairs

　　The Ministry of Minority Affairs was the top authority to rule Mongolia, Hui and Tibet in the Qing Dynasty and was also responsible for foreign affairs involving Russia. In the 32nd year of the Emperor Guangxu, the Ministry of Minority Affairs was renamed the “Department of Minority Affairs” and was called the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission after the1911 Revolution. The ministry consists of six offices responsible for the policy making in areas such as rank and emolument; tribute; delimitation; official system; military and penalty; household registration; tilling and pasturing; taxation; relays; trade and religion; etc. Additionally, it posted officers and bithesi (clerical officers in the Qing Dynasty) to areas of ethnic minorities to handle special affairs with regular shifts.

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