【翻译技巧】 本题采用“词类转换法”、“前置法”、“溶合法”。
【翻译点评】 翻译时，将名词性词组“ a study of this chapter”译为动词性词组“学习本章”，“ no substitute for”译为“并不能替代”，“be of substantial assistance to”译为“对……大有裨益”;其次，将those后的定语从句放在其前译为“那些使用此书的人”;另外，将状语 on the numerous occasions与后面的定语从句溶合在一起译为“他 们在许多场合下……”
Part Ⅴ 写作指导
本文是关于国有企业职工下岗的问题。本文要求考生用全面的观点来看待下岗这一现象， 还要求考生能就此现象发表一些自己的看法及可能的解决方案。这里必须注意“ layoff”这一词组的用法“ lay sb. off”意思是“stop employing sb. esp. for a period in which there is little work”，“layoff”是名词，意思是“the stopping of a worker's employment at a time when there is little work”所以“laidoff workers”才是指“下岗工人”，在范文中，第一段根据要求，写下岗是改革的需要，为了深化国有企业 的改革越来越多的工人下岗。注意，如果不仔细理解此段要求的话，很容易接下来就写下岗工人的“不幸”、因难的处境。但紧扣题纲，这一段必须写下岗的积极方面，可以就深化国企改革的需要方面进行展开，如使多余的工人下岗有利于提高国有企业的效率，帮助国企渡过难关，加速国家经济的发展，以便最终实现共同富裕。
第二段写下岗会带来的问题：给公众带来工作压力，很多人生活水平下降，犯罪率上升， 造成社会不安定，这一段需要注意的是，考生绝对不可以在此对下岗现象表现出不满或是太 偏激认为下岗是活该，应持中立态度，客观地分析下岗带来的问题。
第三段谈解决方案：政府应采取措施保障下岗工人的利益，提供再就业机会，下岗工人自 身也当提高自己的意识，以适应形势的需要。
Sample Writing
Layoffs in Stateowned Enterprises
In order to deepen the reform of stateowned enterprises, more and more workers are laid off. It is indeed necessary. Laying off redundant workers can help the enterprises overcome their difficulties and raise their efficiency and productivity. It also adds impetus to China's economic growth and thus help to lay a solid foundation for the common prosperity of the entire population, including the lai off workers.
However, carrying out layoffs places too much employment pressure on society and arouses many social problems, such as the decline of many people's living standard, the increase of crime rate and social instability. So it's very important for the laidoff workers to be reemployed.
To solve these problems, the government should show concern for the workers and take effective measures to protect their interests. The enterprises laying off workers should set up reemployment service centers to ensure their basic living standards, conduct professional training and help them get new jobs. The laidoff workers themselves should keep in mind that it's no use complaining and sighing.
As long as they stand up to being laid off, update their concepts about employment and adapt to new situations, they are sure to overcome the difficulty.
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