1. 企业利润corporate profits
2. 公共预算 public budget
3. 地区和全球性挑战regional and global challenges
4. 经济下行压力downward pressure on the economy
5. 坚持不搞“大水漫灌”式强刺激 refrain from resorting to a deluge of strong stimulus policies
6. 经济发展新常态the new normal in economic development
7. 调结构make structural adjustments
8. 防风险guard against risks
9. 宏观调控macro regulation
10. 定向调控、相机调控、精准调控targeted, well-timed, and precision regulation
11. “硬着陆” “hard landing”
12. 经济全球化economic globalization
13. 多边主义multilateralism
14. 中美经贸摩擦the China-US economic and trade friction
15. 企业生产经营the production and business operation
16. 市场预期market expectation
17. 积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy
18. 补短板调结构strengthening areas of weakness, and promoting structural adjustment
19. 研发创新 R&D and innovation
20. 稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy
21. 私营经济 private enterprises
22. 融资难融资贵difficulties and high costs of financing
23. 营改增 the replacement of business tax with value added tax (VAT)
24. 地方政府债务 local government debt
25. 差别化政策 Differentiated policy
26. “钱荒” the cash crunch
27. 金融市场异常波动abnormal market fluctuations
28. 分类调控category-based regulation
29. “三去一降一补”cutting overcapacity, reducing excess inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs, and strengthening areas of weakness.
30. 因城施策city-specific policy
31. 分类指导category-specific guidance
32. 工业企业资产负债率The debt-to-asset ratio of industrial enterprise
33. 宏观杠杆率Macro leverage ratio
34. 政府性基金项目government-managed fund and fee
35. 涉企收费项目 fees and charges levied on business
36. 包容审慎监管accommodative and prudential regulation
37. 钢铁产能steel production capacity
38. 分流职工laid-off employees
39. 棚改货币化 people affected by rebuilding in rundown urban areas receiving monetary compensation
40. 企业兼并重组Business acquisitions and reorganization
41. 并购(兼并收购)mergers and acquisitions
42. 市场化法治化债转股market- and law-based debt-to-equity swap
43. 下调用电价格cut the price of electricity
44. 统筹兼顾take a holistic approach
45. 标本兼治 address both symptoms and root cause
46. 啃“硬骨头” take on some really tough problem
47. 科技型中小企业small and medium high-tech enterprise
48. 城市公用事业附加基金 municipal public utility surcharge
49. 质量第一、效益优先 put quality first and give priority to performance
50. 远近结合consider both long- and near-term need
51. “两个一百年”奋斗目标 China’s Two Centenary Goals
The Two Centenary Goals are to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China marks its centenary and to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary
52. 发挥人民首创精神give full play to the pioneering drive of the people
53. 坚持发展是硬道理development is of paramount importance
54. 解放和发展社会生产力unleash and develop productive force
55. 在国际形势复杂多变的背景下Against the backdrop of a complex and fast-changing international environment
56. 短期强刺激政策short-term strong stimulus policy
57. 统一开放、竞争有序的现代市场体系unified and open, competitive and orderly modern market system
58. 公正监管impartial regulation
59. 法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境business environment based on rule of law that is internationalized and enabling
60. 市场活力和社会创造力market vitality and social creativity
61. 社会公平正义social fairness and justice
62. 确保经济运行在合理区间keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate range
63. 宏观政策逆周期countercyclical macro policy regulation
64. 减轻企业负担lighten the burden on business
65. 激发市场活力boost market dynamism
66. 优化收入分配格局achieve better income distribution
67. 激发市场主体活力energize market entity
68. 优化营商环境improve the business environment
69. “放管服” delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade service
70. 制度性交易成本government-imposed transaction cost
71. 市场准入负面清单 the negative list on market entry
72. 资源的直接配置 direct allocation of resource
73. 以工代赈 provid jobs instead of handouts
74. 企业多用时间跑市场、少费功夫跑审批spend more time doing business and less time chasing approval
75. “准入不准营”的现象 the phenomenon of "letting firms in but not letting them do business."
76. 工程建设项目审批制度改革 Reform of the system for construction project approval
77. 网上审批和服务online approvals and service
78. “一窗受理、限时办结”“最多跑一次” process at a single window, within a specified time, and without the need for a second visit
79. “减证便民”改革行动Cut Certification to Create Convenience reform initiative
80. 政务服务“好差评”制度government service evaluation system
81. 政府部门做好服务是本分，服务不好是失职Delivering good services is what a government is meant to do; failure to do so means failing in its duties.
82. 天使投资税收the pilot preferential tax policy for venture capital investment and angel investment
83. 非公有制经济发展n on-public sector development
84. 隐性壁垒 hidden barrier
85. 亲清新型政商关系 a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business
86. 企业家参与涉企政策制定机制 mechanisms for entrepreneurs to participate in enterprise-related policy formulation
87. 防范化解重大风险forestall and defuse major risk
88. 服务业综合改革试点comprehensive reform in the service sector
89. 跨界融合 cross-sectoral integration
90. 医养结合combined medical and elderly care service
91. 文化创意 cultural and creative service
92. 数字家庭 digital home
93. 假冒伪劣产品counterfeit and substandard goods
94. 虚假广告false advertising
95. 价格欺诈price fraud
96. 海洋经济maritime economy
97. 出口信用保险覆盖面the coverage of export credit insurance
98. 服务贸易创新发展引导基金 seed fund to encourage innovative development of services trade
99. 市场采购贸易 development of market procurement trade
100. 外贸综合服务企业发展 the development of demonstration centers for transforming and upgrading foreign trade
101. 国际贸易“单一窗口” practice of processing international trade through a single wind外商投资环境the environment for foreign investor
102. 外商投资产业指导目录the catalog of industries open to foreign investment
103. 外商投资企业foreign-invested firm
104. 资质许可license application
105. 标准制定standards-setting
106. 政府采购 government procurement
107. 推进国际贸易和投资自由化便利化liberalization and facilitation of international trade and investment
108. 多边贸易体制multilateral trading regime
109. 多边贸易谈判multilateral trade negotiation
110. 中国-东盟自贸区升级议定书 Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN
111. 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement
112. 亚太自贸区Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific
113. 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
114. 中日韩自贸区 the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Agreement
115. 中欧投资协定谈判the China-EU Investment Agreement
116. 继续推动中美经贸磋商 China-US trade negotiation
117. 消费对经济发展的基础性作用 fundamental role of consumption in driving economic growth
118. 消费升级 consumption upgrading
119. 新能源汽车车辆购置税优惠政策 preferential policy on purchase tax on new-energy vehicle
120. 二手车限迁政策 policy that restrict sales of non-local second-hand vehicles
121. 侵害消费者权益的行为behavior that infringe on consumers’ rights and interests
122. 推动区域互联互通和经济一体化进程to promote regional connectivity and economic integration
123. 全球经济治理体系the global economic governance system
124. 融资工具financing tools
125. 推动供给侧结构性改革promote supply-side structural reform
126. 轻轨项目the light rail line
127. 经济援助economic assistance
128. 世上没有包治百病的万能灵药，也没有普世皆准的发展模式。There is no panacea in the world, nor a universal model for development.
129. 只有坚持走自己的路，路才能越走越宽、越走越长。Only by pursuing our own path can we broaden our journey and make it more durable.
130. 北斗卫星导航系统 BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
131. “油气+”合作新模式 the “oil and gas plus” cooperation model
132. 本币互换currency swap
133. 人民币结算业务RMB settlement business
134. 有色金属non-ferrous metals
135. 人民币纳入国际货币基金组织特别提款权货币篮子The RMB has been included into the Special Drawing Rights basket of the International Monetary Fund.
136. “沪港通”/“深港通”/“债券通” the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect/ the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect/ the "Bond Connect"
137. 量子通信quantum communications
138. 国内生产总值national GDP
139. “海翼”号深海滑翔机The Haiyi underwater glider
140. 达沃斯世界经济论坛the Davos World Economic Forum
141. 第一大花生进口国the top importer of Senegalese peanuts
142. 第一大融资来源国the biggest source of financing
143. 双边贸易Two-way trade
144. 双向投资存量Two-way investment stock
145. 贸易总量占世界五分之一1/5 of total global trade
146. 双边投资协定谈判negotiations on the bilateral investment treaty
147. 亚洲基础设施投资银行创始成员国the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and has joined it as a founding member
148. 世界政治经济形势the current political and economic situation
149. 两个翻番to achieve the goals of doubling China’s 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020
150. 发展和居民收入增长同步synchronizing the growth of the economy with the growth of incomes
151. 革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区，特别农产品主产区、重点生态功能区old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and impoverished areas, and particularly agricultural production zones and key ecosystem service zones
152. 对贫困人口而言，要实现“两不愁、三保障”，收入达到脱贫标准。We must guarantee the basic needs of those living in poverty and ensure that they have adequate access to education, medical care, and housing, whilst working to raise their incomes above the poverty line.
153. 创新作为引领发展的第一动力，把人才作为支撑发展的第一资源，把创新摆在国家发展全局的核 心位置 it is essential that we identify innovation as the primary driving force for development; regard talent as the number one resource underpinning development; and place innovation at the very heart of China’s development. Innovation should be promoted in every field
154. 内外联动internal and external coordination
155. 工业增长下滑sliding industrial growth
156. “一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带建设三大战略The Belt and Road Initiative, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and Yangtze Economic Belt initiative represent major new avenues for development
157. 转方式调结构Economic transformation and restructuring
158. 补短板shore up weak areas
159. 增强风险防控意识和能力 strengthen our awareness of risks and capacity to guard against them
160. 全球债务高企high global indebtedness
161. 发达经济体货币政策分化the divergence of the monetary policies of the advanced economies
162. 孵化器incubator
163. 互联网经济、蓝色经济、绿色经济、城镇化Internet economy, blue economy, green economy and urbanization,
164. 互联互通promote connectivity
165. 我们将加快改革创新，加快转方式、调结构，着力解决发展进程中的难题，培育发展新动力，打造发展新优势，创造发展新机遇 We will step up reform and innovation, accelerate the shift of growth model and economic restructuring, earnestly address the difficult issues in development, cultivate new drivers and new edges for development, and create more fresh opportunities for development.
166. 中国-东盟自由贸易区升级 upgraded China-ASEANFTA
167. 中日韩自由贸易区 China-Japan-ROK FTA.
168. 加强知识产权保护，营造公开透明、高效平等的市场环境improve IPR protection and foster an open, transparent, fair and highly efficient market environment.
169. 实施创新驱动发展战略igorously implementing the strategy of an innovation-driven development
170. 乘数效应 multiplier effect
171. 破除体制机制障碍 do away with institutional obstacles
172. 亚太工商界 Asia-Pacific business communities
173. 多边双边项目 multilateral and bilateral projects
174. 开放的区域主义open regionalism
175. 新一轮科技革命和产业变革 The new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation
176. 生产要素 production factors
177. 把握世界经济大方向 steer the global economy in the right direction.
178. 多边贸易体制 the multilateral trading system
179. 前所未有的机遇和挑战 unprecedented opportunities and challenges
180. 突 破发展瓶颈 break growth bottlenecks
181. 共同繁荣进步 shared prosperity and progress
182. 重要引擎 a strong driving force
183. 经济多元化和工业化 economic diversification and industrialization
184. 贸易便利化 trade facilitation
185. 投资便利化 investment facilitation
186. 示范区 demonstration area
187. 示范项目 demonstration projects
188. 产业合作 industrial cooperation
189. 风险可控的 that keeps risks under control
190. 数字鸿沟 digital divide
191. 供给侧结构性改革 supply-side structural reform
192. 下行压力 downward pressure
193. 重点项目 key points
194. 经济振兴 economic rejuvenation
195. 工商界(人士) the business communities
196. 工会组织 trade union organizations
197. 国际供应链 international supply chain
198. 贸易总额 trade volume
199. 总体平稳、稳中有进 generally steady and made solid progress
200. 符合预期目标 meet the targeted goal for growth
201. 放宽市场准入 broaden market access
202. 去杠杆 de-leveraging
203. 实体经济 the real economy
204. 民营经济 private businesses
205. 新增长点 new growth drivers
206. 经济走廊 economic corridor
207. 经济封锁 economic blockade
208. 自由贸易试验区 pilot free trade zone
209. 窃取商业机密 steal commercial secrets
210. 营商环境 business environment
211. 便利化营商环境 business-friendly environment
212. GDP总量 overall GDP
213. 市场主体 market entity
214. 减税降费 reduce taxes and fees
215. 营改增 replace business tax with value-added tax
216. 财政支出 fiscal spending
217. 市场化改革 market-oriented reforms
218. 发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用 leverage the decisive role of markets in resource allocation
219. 配套法规 matching regulations
220. “放”、“管” deregulation and oversight
221. 行政干预 administrative interference
222. 审批 government approval
223. 投诉机制 a complaint mechanism
224. 合法权益 legitimate rights and interests
225. 劳动合同 labor contracts
226. 负面清单 a negative list
227. 跨境电商 cross-border e-commerce
228. 共享经济 sharing economy
229. 贸易顺差 trade surplus
230. 高端制造 high-end manufacturing
231. 物价 consumer prices
232. 内生发展动力 internally driven growth
233. 国际收支 balance of international payments
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