第1题
Awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1918, German physicist Max Planck is best remembered as the originator of the quantum theory. His work helped usher in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community's understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. The energy associated with each quantum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck's constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental constants of the world. Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, among other fields. In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT make a significant conla4bution?
A Optics. B Thermodynamics. C Statistical mechanics. D Biology.
【正确答案】：D
【答案解析】 [分析] 是非题型。 文中最后一句(Through out his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, among other fields. )提到马克斯•普朗克在光学、 热力学、统计力学、物理化学等领域作出了巨大贡献。其中提到 A、B、C 三个选 项，只有 D 没有提及，故选项 D 正确。
第2题
The word "revolutionary" as used in Line 16 means ______.
A radical B extremist C momentous D militaristic
【正确答案】：C
【答案解析】
Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized.此句 意为：普朗克在 1900 年公布了量子理论，但直到多年后他的划时代(革命性)的 量子理论才整体得到承认。A.radical 根本的，激进的;B.extremist 极端主 义(者);C.momentous 重大的，重要的;D.militaristic 军国主义的，尚武的; 因此 C 为正确选项。
第3题
It can be inferred from the passage that Planck's work led to the development of which of the following?
A The rocket. B The atomic bomb. C The internal combustion engine. D The computer.
【正确答案】：B
【答案解析】[分析] 推断题型。见第一段：His work helped usher in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community's understanding of atomic and subatomic processes.他的工作引导理论物理进入了一个新的时代并使科学界对原子，亚原子的理解有了彻底改变。 由此可推断他的工作推动了 B. The atomic bomb 原子弹的发展。
第4题
The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as ______.
A quantums B atoms C electrons D valences
【正确答案】：A
【答案解析】 [分析] 细节题型。 见文章第二段第四、五句：The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. 由此可看出发出电磁辐射的微粒应为 quantums(量 子)，选项 A 正确。
第5题
The implication in this passage is that ______.
A only a German physicist could discover such a theory B quantum theory, which led to the development of twentieth century physics, is basically a mathematical formula C Planck's constant was not discernible before 1900 D radiation was hard to study
【正确答案】：B
【答案解析】 [分析] 推断题型。见文章第二段的第一和第二句：Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. 可推出： 导致 20 世纪物理学发展的量子论基本上是一个数学公式， 所以选项 B 正确。
第6题
"An idea" as used in Line 5, refers to ______.
A a model of matter B emission of electromagnetic radiation C quantums D the equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies
【正确答案】：D
【答案解析】 [分析] 细节题型。从文章第二段的第一和第二句(见上题)中可看出 an idea 指的即是“描述辐 射从低频到高频精确分布的一个方程式”，所以选项 D 正确。
第7题 There has been much speculation about the origin of baseball. In 1907 a special commission decided that the modern game was invented by Abner Doubleday in 1839. One hundred years later the National Baseball Museum 模考吧 www.mokaoba.com was opened to honor Doubleday. Historians, however, disagree about the origin of baseball. Some say that baseball comes from bat-and-ball games of ancient times. It is a matter of record that in the 1700s English boys played a game they called "baseball". Americans have played a kind of baseball since about 1800. At first tile American game had different rules and different names in various parts of the country — "town ball". "rounders", or "one old cat". Youngsters today still play some of these simplified forms of the game. Baseball did not receive a standard set of rules until 1845, when Alexander Cartwright organized the Knicker-bocker Baseball Club of New York City. The rules Cartwright set up for his nine-player team were widely adopted by other clubs and formed the basis of modem baseball. The game was played on a "diamond" infield with the bases 90 feet apart. The first team to score 21 runs was declared the winner. By 1858 the National Association of Baseball Players was formed with 25 amateur teams. The Cincinnati Red Stockings began to pay players in 1869. Which of the following is true about the origins of baseball?
A Historians agree that baseball was invented by Abner Doubleday. B Baseball, as played in the early 19th century, differed very little from today's game. C As early as the 1700s, English boys played a game called "baseball". D The first standard set of baseball rules was established at the turn of the century
【正确答案】：C
【答案解析】 [分析] 是非题型。 见文章第一段： 尽管在 1907 年， 一个特别委员会认定棒球是 Abner Doubleday 在 1839 年发明的， 但历史学家们却对此持有不同看法。有案可查的是在 17 世纪 英国孩子打一种他们称之为“棒球”的游戏。美国人从大约 1800 年起玩一种棒 球， 而这种棒球有着不同的规则和名字;文章第二段第一句指出棒球第一套规则 的出台是在 1845 年，因此选项 A、B、D 均不对，选项 C 正确。
