intelligent, and have the analytical skills that make them valued
employees. The fact that computer criminals do not fit criminal
stereotypes helps them to obtain the positions they require to carry
out crimes. Being intelligent, they have fertile imaginations, and the
variety of ways in which they use equipment to their advantages is
constantly being extended. In addition to direct theft of funds, the
theft of data for corporate espionage or extortion is being widespread,
and can obviously have a substantial effect on a company’s finances.
Another lucrative scheme, often difficult to detect, involves
accumulating fractions pence from individual payroll accounts, with
electronic transfer of the accumulated amount to the criminal’s
payroll.
Sabotage is also an increasingly common type of computer crime.
Everyone in the computer business has heard of cases of a “time-bomb”
being placed in a program. Typically, the programmer inserts an
instruction that causes the computer to destroy an entire personnel
data bank, for example, if the programmer’s employment is terminated.
As soon as the termination data is fed into the system, it
automatically erases the entire program.
26. most important; main （Para. 1）
27. something that happens （Para. 1）
28. to do something damaging （Para. 1）
29. fixed images of what a particular type of person is like （Para. 2
）
30. full of interesting and unusual ideas （Para. 2）
31. profitable; able to make a lot of money （Para. 2）
32. the process by which something moves or is moved from one place to
another （Para. 2）
33. damage done deliberately to equipment so that they can’t be used
（Para. 3）
34. puts something into something else （Para. 3）
35. the act of ending something （Para. 3）
III. Summarization. （20 points, 2 points for each）
Directions: In this section of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each
of the paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which
summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing
letters of the word on your Answer Sheet.
Paragraph One
Many banks are preparing “online branches”, which means that people
will be able to take care of their banking business through their home
computers. At these online branches, customers will be able to view
their accounts, move money between their accounts, apply for a loan,
and get current information on products such as credit.
36. What can be r ______at “online branches”.
Paragraph Two
By the 17th century people began to leave gold with the local
goldsmiths for safe keeping. Receipts of ￡1 or ￡5 were issued which
could then be converted back into gold at any time. Soon these receipts
began to circulate as banknotes.
37. The o ______ of banknotes.
Paragraph Three
Pop Art was defined by images of material goods and popular culture.
Pop artists rejected the serious nature of the art world. They painted
or printed everyday images of things that usually are not considered
art. These images included photographs from magazines, drink
advertisements and drawings from popular comic strips.
38. I ______ of Pop Art.
Paragraph Four
In the U.S. today, it is common to pay one fourth to one third of
family’s income on the place to live. Big houses are more expensive
than smaller ones. And houses closer to the center of big cities are
more expensive than the ones in the suburbs or in small towns.
39. The c _________ of housing in the U.S. today is very high.
Paragraph Five
A new public health report concludes there is no safe level of
environmental tobacco smoke. One of the nation’s top public health
physician says inhaling someone else’s tobacco smoke leads to an
immediate chain of biological events that can lead to disease in a non
-smoker and even death.
40. Expert w __________ against environmental tobacco smoke.
