Passage 2
America’s genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but people are still suspicious about its ability to solve human problems closer to home. In fact, a subtle but significant shift from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists argue openly for new directions in research.
A growing number of scientists insist that answers to the world’s problems will not come from a flashier array of electronics and machines. What the Indian farmer needs is some innovative “low” technology—for example, a better onepiece plow that can be pulled by a water buffalo. So solutions must develop from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potentials of the earth’s resources.
Industrial officials are concerned by a declining rate of innovation in technology. Patent applications by Americans have been dropping in the US since 1997. Yet many scientists seem to be saying: The need for better televisions, bigger power plants and faster airplanes is not so urgent. The market in the industrialized nations for this kind of technology is actually reaching a saturation point. All this does not say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems. Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new scientist, is in finding ways to produce goods to meet the world’s needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming scarce.
61. “Human problems” in paragraph 1 refers to the following EXCEPT ____.
A. energy shortage B. food shortage
C. environmental pollution D. population control
62. According to the passage, the markets in the industrialized nations for high technology are ____.
A. promising B. developing rapidly
C. coinciding with the low technology D. almost reaching its limits
63. Which of the following best summarizes the theme of the passage?
A. Human problems cannot be solved by the technology.
B. Technology, in whatever form, should meet the needs of the humans.
C. High technology is greatly needed in industrialized nations.
D. How people will make use of raw materials in developing technology.
64. What does the world “Saturation” in the last paragraph mean?
A. hungry B. desperate C. full D. satisfactory
65. What is the writer’s attitude toward human problems in the passage?
A. hopeful B. pessimistic C. critical D. indifferent
非选择题部分
注意事项：
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
五、单词或短语的英汉互译（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
(一) 将下列词语译成中文 （5分）
66. product dependability
67. solar power
68. the required reserve
69. inventory carrying costs
70. GDP
（二）将下列词语译成英文 （5分）
71. 贸易差额
72. 所得税
73. 比较优势
74. 可自由支配的收入
75. 需求曲线
六、 英汉句子互译 (本大题共4小题，共15分）
（一）将下列句子译成中文
76. Not a few people are vulnerable to advertisement. (4分)
77. The value of iron rests upon its cheapness and its adaptability to an enormous number of uses. (4分)
（二）将下列句子译成英文
78. 用批量生产方法可降低生产成本。 (3分)
79. 虽然日本的火车通常很拥挤，但火车很好，总是准时出站和进站。 (4分)
