自考本科英语(一)巩固练习试题：第三章_第2页

　　A Tribute to the Dog

　　1 The best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his eniy.(主题句) His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. (1)Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name, may become traitors to their faith.

　　2 The money that a man has he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most.(承上句) (2)A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. (3)The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads. The one absolute, unselfish friend a man may have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog.

　　本部分重点及难点：

　　1. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name, may become traitors to their faith

　　(1) … those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name，定语从句中whom是trust的宾语，即trust whom with our happiness and our good name 我们把自己的幸福和名誉都寄托在他们身上

　　(2) trust sb. with sth. 信得过，托付，寄托

　　I'd trust him with my life. 我把命交给他都放心。

　　1. A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered(欠考虑的，考虑不周的) action.

　　ill-considered 欠考虑的 (结合Unit 1 讲过的ill-informed)

　　ill-humored / good-humored

　　ill-bred / well-bred

　　ill-intentioned / well-intentioned

　　ill-informed / well-informed

　　3. The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads.

　　(1) be prone to do sth. 容易，倾向于

　　(2) fall on one's knees 下跪

　　(3) do sb. honor 向某人表示敬意

　　(4) 译文：当我们功成名就，一些人卑躬屈膝极力讨好;当失败的阴云笼罩在我们的头顶，那些人又可能最先对我们落井下石。

　　3 A man's dog stands by him in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness. (主题句)He will sleep on the cold ground when the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he can be near his master's side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to offer. He will lick the sores and wounds that come in the encounter with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince.(承上、总结的句子)

　　4 When all other friends desert, he riains. (4)When riches take wings and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens. (5)If fortune drives the master forth, an outcast in the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him to guard him against danger, to fight against his eniies. And when the last scene of all comes and death takes its master in its ibrace and the body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their way, there by his graveside will the noble dog be found, his head between his paws, his eyes sad but open in alert watchfulness(独立主格) faithful and true even to death.

　　本部分重点及难点：

　　4. When riches take wings and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens. 当主人家财四散、名誉扫地，它对主人的忠诚热爱仍宛如日升日落，亘古不变。

　　5. If fortune drives the master forth, an outcast in the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him to guard him against danger, to fight against his eniies.

　　(1) the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him to guard him against danger， that代替前面的privilege，具体参考Unit 1

　　(2)"否定词+比较级"，表示最高级。(到Unit 6再详细讲)例如：

　　He loves nothing better than sweet food. 相当于He loves sweet food best.