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2019中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结(88条)

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2019中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结(88条)

  ◆1 。 cost / take / spend / pay 花费

  花费时间做某事 : It takes sb some time to do sth 。 = sb spend some time (in)doing sth 。= sb spend some time on sth 。

  某人花钱买某物 : sb spend some money on sth 。 = sb pay some money for sth 。 = sth cost sb 。 some money 。

  ※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人, cost 主语是物。

  ※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ?

  The sweater ________ me 90 yuan 。 = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater 。=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater 。

  He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone 。

  It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day 。 = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day 。

  ◆2 。 thanks for为…而感谢

  ⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party 。

  thanks to 多亏/由于

  ⑵______ your help 。I got good grades 。

  ◆3 。 感叹句 :多么… what + 名词

  how + 形容词 / 副词

  ⑴。 ______ bad weather ! ⑵。 ______ hard he works !

  ⑶。 ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷。 ______ cute a monkey it is !

  ◆4 。 因为、由于 : because( 连词 ) +从句: ( 表示原因 )

  because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to

  ⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache 。

  He was late for class ______ the bad weather 。

  He can’t come _____ he is ill 。

  Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather 。

  ※because和 so不能同时连用 。

  ◆5 。 来自 : be from = come from

  ⑴ Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?

  ⑵ He is from Tibet 。 = He ______ ______ Tibet 。

  ◆6 。 How often 对频率提问 ( 多久一次) →回答用表示频率的副词或短语

  How long 对一段时间提问 (多久 ) →回答用表示一段时间的状语

  How soon 对将来时间提问 ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+时间段

  How far 询问多长距离(多长)

  ⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years 。

  ⑵- ______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes。

  ⑶ - ______ will your father come back ? - In two years 。

  ⑷- _____ do you exercise ? - Once a week 。

  ⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles 。

  ⑹- _____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks 。

  ◆7 。 乘交通工具 : take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语

  by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

  交通工具有:train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…

  ⑴ He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus 。

  ⑵ I walk to school 。 = I go to school ______ 。

  ※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride : ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car

  ◆8 。 对不起 : Excuse me (劳驾,客套话 )

  Sorry ( 表示道歉 )

  ⑴ ______ 。Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

  ⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ 。 I’ll do it right away 。

  ⑶- Don’t eat in class 。 - _____ 。 Ms Clark 。

  ⑷ _____ , is this the way to the station ?

  ◆9 。 声音 : sound ( 自然界各种声音 )

  noise(噪音)

  voice(悦耳的声音:嗓子)

  ⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ 。 ⑵That ______ like a good idea 。

  ⑶Don’t make ______ 。 The baby is sleeping 。

  ◆10 。 look like (外貌看起来像… )

  be like ( 性格像… )

  ⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy 。 Oh , they are twins 。

  ⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful 。

  ◆11 。 take… to … 带去

  bring…to …带来

  fetch 没有方向性(强调来回)

  ⑴ Tony 。 ______ the ball here 。Please 。

  ⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays 。

  ⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow 。

  ◆12。 一些 : some 用于肯定句

  any 用于否定句和疑问句

  ⑴ I’d like ______ milk 。

  ⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ?

  _ Thanks 。 I don’t want ______ 。

  ※ 在一般疑问句中,认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到对方肯定回答时,也用some 。

  ◆13。 多少 : How many修饰可数名词复数

  How much 修饰不可数名词

  ⑴ ______ juice do you want ? ⑵ ______ apples do you want ?

  ⑶- ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan 。

  ※ How much可对价钱提问:How much are the potatoes ?

  ◆14。 看 :see 强调看的结果

  look ( at ) 不及物动词,强调看的动作

  watch 观看:比赛、电视、表演、电影

  read 读,朗读:看书、看报、看信、看杂志

  ⑴Don’t______ in bed 。

  ⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening 。

  ⑶ Please ______ the blackboard 。 Everyone 。

  ⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday 。

  ※On Saturday night 。 I saw an interesting talk show 。

  On Saturday evening 。 several kids watched a movie 。 watch a movie =go to a movie

  ◆15。 stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking 。

  stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

  ⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) 。 ⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest 。

  ◆16。 forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作:

  △forget / remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light 。(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school 。

  forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作:

  △forget / remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事)→ He forgot turningoff the light 。(已做过关灯的动作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ?

  ◆17。 到达… reach + 地点

  get to + 地点 reach = get to

  arrive + in + 大地点

  arrive + at + 小地点

  ⑴ He reached London yesterday 。 = He ______ to London yesterday 。 = He ______ in London yesterday 。

  ⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now 。 ⑶ You should ______ ( get ) home on time 。

  ※ 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时,都不加介词。如:get home get there 省略 to

  ◆18。 擅长,在…方面做得好 : be good at = do well in 。

  ⑴ She is good at chemistry 。 = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry 。

  ⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin 。 = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin 。

  ⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls 。Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily 。but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy 。

  ◆19。 win ( 赢得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

  beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。

  ⑴ Which team ______ the football match ?

  ⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles 。

  ◆20。 借 borrow sth 。 from sb = borrow sb 。 sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

  lend sth 。 to sb = lend sb 。 sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出

  keep延续性动词 ,与一段时间连用。

  ⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?

  ⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother 。 = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____。

  ⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ?

  - You can _____ it for two weeks 。

  ※ 类似用法的还有:buy — have put on — wear become — be

  leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on

  die — be dead return — be back

  ① become He has ______ a doctor 。

  He has ______ a doctor for 10 years 。

  ② begin The film has ______ 。

  The film has _________ for ten minutes 。

  ◆21。 能,会。be able to

  can

  ※ 情态动词后面都接动词原形。

  ⑴ We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow 。

  ⑵ I can ______ (play) the guitar 。⑶ He ______ able to play chess 。

  ◆22。 too many 太多 — 修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house 。

  too much 太多 — 修饰不可数名词→ Maybe you have too much yin 。

  much too太— 后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive 。

  ⑴ Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health 。

  ⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today 。 You’d better not go out 。

  ⑶There are______ ______ students in the hallways 。 It’s dangerous 。

  ◆23。 have / has been to 去过某地 →He has been to Beijing 。 (现在不在北京)

  have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing 。 (现在可能在北京,或在去北京的途中)

  have/hasbeen in / at在某地

  ⑴I have ever _______ ______ America twice 。

  ⑵ He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years 。

  ⑶– Where is your brother ?

  - He______ ______ to Hainan 。

  ⑷ _____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ?

  ◆24。 used to do sth 。过去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean 。

  be(get)used to doing sth 。习惯于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early 。

  be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 。 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing 。

  ⑴ XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark 。

  ⑵ Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room 。 = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room 。

  ⑶ He ______ ______ ______ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well 。

  ⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper 。

  ◆25。 belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 (属于)

  be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 (是)

  ⑴It must ______ Ning’s 。= It must _________ Ning 。

  ⑵ The pencil must be ______ (my) 。 = The pencil must belong to ______ (my) 。

  ⑶ This ball ______ to me 。= This ball is ______ 。

  ◆26。 can’t 不可能 0

  表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50﹪— 80﹪

  must 肯定、一定 100﹪

  ⑴ The CD _____ belong to Tony 。 because he likes listening to music 。

  ⑵ The notebook ______ be mine 。It has my name on it 。

  ⑶ The toy ______ be my grandpa 。 After all 。He is an old man 。

  ◆27。 be made from (由…制成)看不出原材料

  be made of (由…制成)看得出原材料

  ⑴ The table ______ ______ ______ wood 。

  ⑵ Paper ______ ______ ______ wood 。

  ◆28。 prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事

  prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜欢…而不喜欢…

  prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜欢做…而不喜欢做…

  ⑴ I prefer ______ (swim) to ______ (play) balls 。 ⑵ He _______ fish to beef 。

  ⑶ I prefer to ______ (walk) to work 。

  ◆29。 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 : —ed 修饰人

  —ing 修饰物

  ⑴ I want to go somewhere ______ (relaxing/relaxed) 。

  ⑵ She is ______ in this ______ history story 。 (interesting/interested )

  ※ interesting(有趣的) — interested(感兴趣的) tiring(累人的)— tired(累的,疲倦的)

  boring (令人无聊的)— bored(无聊的)exciting(令人兴奋的)— excited(激动的)

  surprising(令人惊讶的) — surprised(惊讶的)

  relaxing(令人放松的) — relaxed(放松的)

  embarrassing (令人尴尬的;令人为难的) — embarrassed (尴尬的;为难的)

  ◆30。 the number of + 名词复数(…的数量)作主语, 谓语用单数。

  a number of + 名词复数 (许多、一些)= many

  ⑴ The number of students in our class______ 80 。

  ⑵ ______ number of students are in Helin Middle School 。

  ◆31。 for + 一段时间

  since + 时间点/过去时的句子

  ⑴ We have been studying English ______ three years 。

  ⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old 。 。

  ⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago 。

  ※ for和 since 可以相互转换。如:Jenny has been collecting coins for several years 。= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______ 。

  ◆32。 除…之外 except (不包括在内)→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim 。

  besides (包括在内)→There are three girls besides me 。

  ⑴ We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang 。

  ⑵ Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun 。

  ◆33。 already 用于肯定句中(已经)

  yet 用于疑问句末(已经)

  用于否定句末(还)

  ⑴ Have you seen the film ______ ? ⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______ 。

  ⑶ Mom has _______ watered the flowers 。

  ◆34。 否定祈使句 Don’t + v。

  No + v.ing / n。

  ⑴ Don’t smoke here 。 = ______ ______ here 。 ⑵ Don’t take photos。 = ______ ______ 。

  ◆35。 也 too 放肯定句末和疑问句末→Do you play soccer every day , too ?

  either 放否定句末

  also 放肯定句中

  ※ also放在实意动词前,be之后。

  ⑴ She is a girl 。 I am a girl 。______ 。 ⑵ He ______ likes collecting things 。

  ⑶ Lily doesn’t like junk food 。 Her good friend doesn’t like it 。 _______ 。

  ⑷ - I like soap operas 。 –I do , _____ 。

  ⑸ - I can’t watch TV on school nights 。 –I can’t , _____ 。

  ◆36。 be strict with sb。 对某人要求严格

  be strict in sth 。 对某事要求严格

  Miss Zhang _____ _____ _____ her work and she _____ _____ _____ her students 。

  ◆37。 需要做某事 need to do sth 主语是人

  need doing sth 主语是物

  ⑴ The classroom _____ cleaning 。 It’s too dirty 。 ⑵ Children _____ to sleep a lot 。

  ⑶ It’s very hot and dry 。 You need ______(wear)cool clothes and the flowers need ______ (water) 。

  ◆38。 through →介词: 从内部穿过 (park)

  across →介词:从表面穿过

  cross →动词(road。 street。 bridge)

  ⑴ Be careful when you ______ the street 。 ⑵ The manwent______ the forest 。

  ⑶ The train goes ______ the tunnel(隧道)。 ⑷He swam _____ the river 。

  ⑸ We drove _____ the desert (沙漠) 。 ⑹Take a walk _____ the park on Center Avenue 。

  ◆39。 Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth 。

  提建议的方式 How /what about doing sth 。

  Let’s do sth 。

  ⑴ Why don’t you have a cup of tea ? = _____ _____ have a cup of tea ?

  ⑵ Let’s _____ (go) out for a walk 。 ⑶ How about _____ (practice) conversations ?

  ◆40。 So + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示肯定意义(…也是如此)

  Neither + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示否定意义(…也不)

  ※ 它们都属于倒装句。

  ⑴ My mother didn’t go to school 。______ ______ my father 。

  ⑵ James comes from theUSA 。______ ______ Tom 。

  ⑶ My pen pal can speak Japanese 。 ______ ______ I 。 = Me ______ 。

  ⑷ My sister isn’t outgoing 。 ______ ______ I 。= Me ______ 。

  ◆41。 both 两者都

  all三者或三者以上都

  ⑴ The twins _____ are good students 。

  ⑵ There are lots of colorful flowers on _____ sides of the streets 。

  ⑶ There are five people in my family 。 We ______ like playing sports 。 My parents ______ love us 。 We are very happy 。

  ◆42。 alone 单独,独自一人 →He is alone at home 。

  lonely 孤独的,寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 →He lives a lonely life in the country 。

  ⑴ Sometimes he feels quite _____ because he has no friends 。

  ⑵ She lives _____ in that large house 。

  ◆43 in the tree 外来的→I saw a cat in the tree 。

  on the tree 长在树上的→There are many apples on the tree 。

  ⑴ How many monkeys can you see _____ the tree ?

  ⑵ There are a lot of bananas_____ the tree 。

  ◆44。 in the wall 指在墙体内

  on the wall 指在墙体表面

  ⑴ There is a map _____ the wall 。

  ⑵ There is a door _____ the wall 。

  ◆45。 on the bed 指物品在床上→My bag is on the bed 。

  in bed 指人躺在床上→Lily is ill in bed 。

  ⑴ There is a jacket ___________ 。

  ⑵ I have to be ________ by ten o’clock 。

  ◆46。 引导结果状语从句:so和such(如此…以至于…)

  so是副词,后接adj和adv 。句型:

  △so+adj/adv+that从句→He worked so hard that he got the first prize 。

  △so+adj+a(n)+n。+that从句 = such+a(n)+adj+n。+that从句→That was so interesting a story that I read it twice 。= That was such an interesting story that I read it twice 。

  such是形容词,后接n。句型:

  △such+a(n)+adj+n。+that从句→He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him 。

  △such+pl。/不可数n+that从句→It is such good weather that we can go swimming 。

  ⑴ He runs ____fast ____ we can’catch him 。 ⑵ Lili is ____a kind girl ____we all love her 。

  ⑵ Tom is ____ a clever boy that he can answer the question 。= Tom is ____ clever a boy that he can answer the question 。

  ⑶ The box is _____ heavy _____ I can’t carry it 。

  ※ 在名词前有many / much / few / little这些词修饰时,要用so…that 。so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not…enough to代替。如:

  He is so young that he can’t go to school 。

  = He is too young to go to school 。

  = He is not old enough to go to school 。

  ◆47。 引导时间状语从句 :

  when + 延续性/短暂性动词→When I was watching TV , he came in 。 = When he came in , I was watching TV 。

  while+延续性动词(多用进行时)→While I was in Shanghai ,I visited him 。

  ⑴ _____ he was sleeping 。 Someone knocked at the door 。= He was sleeping _____ someone knocked at the door 。

  ⑵ _____ the boy heard his mother’s voice , he stopped crying 。

  ⑶ My mother was cooking _____ I was doing my homework 。。

  ◆48。 at the age of 和 when 引导的时间状语可以互换。

  I began to play football when I was five years old 。 = I began to play football ________ ____ ____ five 。

  ◆49。 instead 放句首、句末

  instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than 。

  ⑴ I will go to see her ______ you 。 ⑵ He doesn’t like beer 。give him coke ______ 。

  ⑶ We often sing English song ______ reading aloud 。

  ◆50。 be famous as (作为…而知名) as + 职业/身份/地位→Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl 。

  be famous for (以…而著名) for + 出名的原因→Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake 。

  ⑴ Li Bai is famous ______ a poet 。 ⑵ Jackie Chan ia famous ______ his action movies 。

  ⑶ France ia famous _____its fine food and wine 。

  ◆51。 看起来像是…似乎/好像… (sb/sth) seems to do sth

  It seems that +从句

  ⑴ It _____ _____ he feels very sad 。 = He _____ _____ _____ very sad 。

  ⑵ She seems to want to have a drink 。= _____ _____ that she _____ to have a drink 。

  ◆52。 “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 与“宾语从句”的互换 。

  ⑴ I will show you where you should go 。= I will show you _____ _____ _____ 。

  ⑵ Idon’t know what to do 。 = I don’t know what _____ 。 A should I do B I should do

  ⑶ Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ?= Could you tell me how _____ _____ _____ Summer Palace ?

  ※ 宾语从句应该用陈述语序。如:Could you please tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ (天气如何)in Chongqi ?

  ◆53。 问题/难题 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的问题,多和ask / answer搭配使用。

  problem指有待解决的较难的问题或物理/数学方面的题等,多与solve / work out 搭配。

  ⑴ Please answer my ________ in English 。 ⑵ I can’t work out this maths _______。

  ⑶ This is a difficult _______ to answer 。

  ◆54。 family家/家庭(强调家庭成员,与居住的房子无关)→My family are kind people 。

  home 家(指人出生或居住的地方,带有一定感情色彩)→Welcome to my home 。

  house 房子/住宅(居住的建筑物)→They moved to their new house last year 。

  ⑴ How many people are there in your _____? ⑵ I want to save money and buy a big ____ 。

  ⑶ I love Chengdu , I looked Chengdu as my ______ 。

  ◆55。 in front of (在…前面) 在某一范围以外的前面→There is a tall tree in front of our classroom 。

  in the front of (在…前部) 在某一范围内的前面→Two personsare sitting in the front of the car 。

  ⑴ The policeman stands ____________ the car 。 ⑵ The driver sits ____________ the car 。

  ◆56。 在晚上,在夜里 at night

  on + a + adj + night

  ⑴ You shouldn’t go out _____ night 。 ⑵ He met a thief _____ a cold night 。

  ◆57。 在…之间 between (两者之间)多与and连用。

  among(三者或三者以上的人或物之间)

  ⑴ She is sitting ______ Lucy and Lily 。 ⑵ He built a house ______ the trees 。

  ◆58。 sometimes 不时;有时(是一般现在时的标志词)→Sometimes I go to school by bus 。

  some times 几次(此时time是可数名词,意为“次数”)→He has been to Shanghai some times 。

  sometime 某个时间(表示在过去或将来的某个时候)→ I saw him sometime last year 。

  some time 一段时间(此时time是不可数名词)→ He will stay here for some time 。

  ⑴ We are going to have a party ________ next week 。⑵ _______ the boy is late for school 。

  ⑶ He spent _________ in cutting hair 。So he missed the early bus 。

  ⑷ Li Jun has been to Bird’s Nest _________ 。

  ◆59。 wear + 衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等(强调状态)→Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses 。

  put on +衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等(强调动作)→Kate puts on her hat and goes out 。

  be in + 颜色/服饰(强调状态)→The girl in red is my sister 。

  dress + 人/反身代词 (给某人穿) →She dresses her daughter every morning 。

  ⑴ You’d better ______ your coat 。 ⑵ She was _______ a flower in her hair 。

  ⑶ The boy ______ white is my friend 。 ⑷ He is too young to ______ himself 。

  ⑸ Miss Li often _____ the white sports shoes 。

  ※ dress当表示状态时常用be dressed in + 衣物(穿着…颜色的衣服)→He is dressed in a black coat 。他常穿着黑色的外套。

  ◆ 60。 play + 球类、棋类名词(不加the )play badminton / play chess / play computer games

  play the +乐器名词。(必须加the) play the violin

  ⑴ - Do you like to play ______ football after class , Li Lei ?

  - Yes ,I do 。 A 。a B 。the C 。 /

  ⑵ Sam can’t play ________ (piano), but he can play ________ (chess) 。

  ◆61。 There be 强调“某处有…”

  have 强调“某人有…”

  ⑴ ________ two computers in the room 。 ⑵ My uncle _______ a car 。

  ※ 当表示整体与局部的关系时,there be与have可互换使用。如:There are twelve months in a year 。= A year has twelve months 。 一年有十二个月。

  ◆62。 speak 指说话的能力,也可表示“演讲、发言”。其后可以接语言类词汇。

  say强调说的内容。say sth 。to sb 。→Please say hello to him 。

  talk指相互之间的谈话。talk to / with sb表示与某人交谈,talk about sb / sth 表示“谈论某人 / 某事”。 →She is talking with her boss 。

  tell侧重指“告诉”,后接双宾语或复合宾语:tell sb 。sth。 → Please tell me the time 。

  tell sb (not) 。 to do sth 。→ She told me to wait for her 。

  ※ tell可以和lie , story 搭配。如: tell a lie / tell a story / tell a joke / tell a truth 。

  ⑴ From his face we could see that he was _____ a lie 。 ⑵ She is ______ at the meeting 。

  ⑶ Fangfang _____ she is at home 。 ⑷ They are ______ about the weather 。

  ⑸ He can’t _____ it in French , but he can _____ English 。

  ◆63。 if引导条件状语从句 真实条件状语从句 — 主句是将来时,从句用现在时代替将来。

  虚拟条件状语从句 — 虚拟语气

  ⑴ If I _____ (be) a bird , I would ______ (fly) in the sky 。

  ⑵ If it _______ (not) rain ,We will climb the hill 。

  ⑶ If I _____ (win) a million dollars , I would ______ (travel) around the world 。

  ⑷ If he _____ (study) hard , he will get good grades 。

  ◆64。 强调动作 强调结果

  找 look for寻找 find找到

  看 look (at)看 see看见

  听 listen (to)听 hear听见

  look for / find

  ⑴ I am _______ my watch , but I can’t _______ it anywhere 。

  look at / see

  ⑴ Please _______ your books , boys and girls 。 ⑵ ______ ! What a playful monkey it is !

  listen to / hear

  ⑴ Don’t shout ! I can _______ you 。

  ⑵ Ann likes _______ music with her friends on weekends 。

  ◆65。 ago 副词,“以前”,一段时间后接ago 。

  before“以前”,可以用在现在完成时的句子中,还可以是连词,“在…以前”。

  ⑴ I have never been there _______ 。

  ⑵ Please call me ______ you go 。

  ⑶ My brother joined the army two years ______ 。

  ⑷ Long long ______ , There was seven dwarfs(小矮人)in the forest 。

  ◆66。 别的,其他的other 修饰名词,用于名词前。→What other animals do you like ?

  else修饰不定代词/疑问代词/疑问副词,放它们的后面。→What else do you have to do ?

  ⑴You’d better ask some ______ people 。

  ⑵ There is nothing _____ on the desk 。

  ◆67。 every day 每天,作状语。

  everyday日常的,作定语。

  ⑴ We go to school at 7:00 ________ 。

  ⑵ What’s your ______ activity ?

  ◆68。 happen 主要指偶然发生的事

  take place 表示预先决定的事

  ※ happen 和take place都不用于被动语态

  ⑴ A traffic accident _______ yesterday 。

  ⑵ The May Fourth Movement (五四运动) _________ in 1919 。

  ◆69。 one …the other 一个…另一个

  some …others 一些…另一些 (另一些并不包括全部)

  some …the others一些…其他的(其他的包括剩下的全部)

  ⑴ I have two brothers, _____ is a teacher , _______ is a doctor 。

  ⑵ _____ students are in the classroom , ________ are out 。

  ⑶ At the party , ______ are dancing , ______ are singing

  ◆70。 be alive 作后置定语

  living + n。 作前置定语

  The old man is a great and ______ scientist 。He is still ______ 。

  ◆71。 on one’s + 序数词 + birthday (在某人几岁生日时)

  in one’s + 整十的基数词的复数 (在某人几十多岁时)

  ⑴ Edisoninvented many things in his _______ (twenty) 。

  ⑵ On my ______ (twenty) birthday 。 I got a newmobile phone 。

  ◆72。 till = until (直到) “延续性动词(肯定式)+ until”译为“直到…为止”

  “瞬间性动词/延续性动词的否定式not + until”译为“直到…才”

  ⑴ He waited until ten o’clock 。翻译:____________________

  ⑵ He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work 。 翻译:____________________

  ◆73。 疑问句+ ever = no matter + 疑问句 →引导让步状语从句:whatever = no matter what (无论什么) whenever = no matter when (无论何时) whoever = no matter who (无论谁)

  wherever = no matter where (无论在哪里) however = no matter how(无论如何)

  ◆74。 数词 - 名词 - (形容词) 复合形容词作定语

  数词 + 名词复数

  ⑴ He is a two-year-old boy 。 = The boy is two _____ old 。

  ⑵ Look ! This is a ______ buildings 。A 70-floors B 70-floor C 70 floors

  ⑶ We have ______ (两天) holiday 。

  ⑷ Twelve-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes 。

  ※ Twelve-year-olds 表示一类人。(12岁的人)

  ◆75。 agree with sb 。同意某人的意见→ I don’t agree with you 。

  agree to sth 。同意某人的建议/办法/计划等 → He agreed to my plan 。

  ◆76。 believe 表示相信某人的话→ I believe you 。= I believe that you say 。

  believe in表示信任,相信···的存在 → I believe ib that man 。 / Believe in God 。相信上帝的存在。

  ◆77。 run out不及物动词短语,指物用完,用光 → My money has run out 。

  run out of及物动词短语,指人用完,用光了物→ I have run out of my money 。

  ◆78。 maybe = perhaps或许/可能。副词,在句中作状语→ Maybe he will come here tomorrow 。

  may be 或许/可能,may是情态动词,在句中作谓语→ He may be from the USA ,too 。

  ※ maybe 和may be 可以互换:Maybe you are right 。 =You may be right 。

  ◆79。 fist = first of all 第一,首先。强调事情发展的顺序 → First I had to decide what to wear 。

  at first = at the beginning 起初,起先。表示一件事情的开始阶段→ I didn’t like this job at first 。

  ◆80。 表示时间的介词

  in表示一段时间或较长时间 → in the morning / afternoon / eveningin May ,2010

  on指在星期/具体某一天或特指某一天的上/下/晚上 → on Monday /on Children’sday /on Monday afternoon / on school nights

  at表示点时间或较短的时间 → at 8:00 / at noon / at night

  ◆81。 must (必须)表示说话人的主观意图和需求→ I have something to do , I must go now 。

  have to(不得不,必须)表示客观需要→It’s your turn to clean the classroom 。 You have to do it 。

  ※ must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答必须用needn’t 或don’t have to (不必) 。

  如:- Must I finish the housework today ?

  - No , you needn’t 。 / you don’t have to 。

  ◆82。 at the end (后常接of)表示在某时,活动或事件等终止/结束时→She went to Japan at the end of last month 。上月底他去了日本。

  in the end(后不能接of)最后,最终→ In the end we finished this job 。

  ◆83。 join 表示加入某个组织、机构、团体等 → He joined the League last year 。

  take part in 表示参加某项活动、比赛、游戏等 → She took part in the English Speech Contest yesterday 。

  ◆84。 watch sb 。 do sth(看···做某事) → He sat down and watched Wangwang play with a lovely black cat 。

  watch sb 。 doing sth (看···正在做某事) 强调动作正在进行→ I watched her dancing just now 。

  ※ 类似用法的还有这些感官动词:see / look at / hear / listen to / feel等。

  ◆85。 该…的时候了 :It’s time to do sth 。 和 It’s time for (doing ) sth 。可以互换 。

  ⑴ It is time for school 。= It’s time to ______ ______ school 。

  ⑵ It’s time to study English 。= It’s time ______ ______ English 。

  ※ It’s time for sb to do sth 。如:It’s dark 。 It’s time for you to go home 。

  ◆86。 hope+宾语从句,用陈述语序 → I hope that I can help you 。

  wish+宾语从句,用虚拟语气 → I wish that I could help you 。

  ※wish后跟双宾语(Wish you success !)和复合宾语,wish sb 。 to do sth→/ I wish you to go there with me 。 hope to 。 do sth 。 → I hope to go to Beijing this summer 。

  ◆87。 no + n。( no是形容词) He has no dog and no family 。

  not (not是副词),与be动词/助动词/情态动词连用: isn’t / didn’t / can’t 。 → There isn’t water or air 。

  ※no和not 可以互换:She has no pens 。 = She doesn’t have pens 。

  ◆88。 sth be familiar to sb: 某事或某物为某人所熟悉;某物对某人是熟悉的

  sb be familiar with sth: 某人熟悉某物

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