2019中考语文中考精选试题及解析

　　第一节 单项填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

　　1. ---- What ___________ heavy rain it was!

　　---- Yes, but I love _____________air after it rains. It smells so fresh. 【考查冠词】

　　2. The house has a ____________ over the sea. 【考查名词】

　　3. He spoke so quickly that I didn’t __________ what he said.【考查动词短语】

　　4. ---- How was your trip to Japan?

　　---- Terrible. I could _____________ speak Japanese so people didn’t understand me at all. 【考查副词】

　　5. Is this the factory ____________ you visited the other day? 【考查定语从句】

　　6. Only when I left my parents for Italy ___ how much I loved them. 【考查倒装句】

　　7. ---- What did she say just now?

　　---- She asked me ________. 【考查宾语从句】

　　8. John is ________ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. 【考查形容词比较级】

　　9. Our team ________ every match so far this year, but we still have three more games to play. 【动词的时态】

　　10. ---- Shall I give you a ride as you look so tired?

　　---- Thank you. _________.【考查情景交际】

　　第二节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)

　　阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　Yes! The Earth has warmed by about 1℉ over the past 100 years. But 26 ? Well, we are not exactly sure. The Earth could be getting warmer on its own. 27 , many scientists think that things people do are helping to make the Earth warmer.

　　The planet will become warmer, which means the 28 all over Earth will change. For example, summers will get hotter, and winters too. This may 29 a good idea, but a large rise in temperature could be terrible for us and for any other 30 thing on Earth.

　　Higher temperatures will make the 31 in the Antarctic and Greenland melt and flow into the sea. All over the world, sea levels may 32 . And many people will have to leave 33 homes because of the rise sea.

　　Changes in the weather will 34 more rain in some countries, but others will have less rain. Some crops, such as wheat and rice grow 35 in higher temperatures, but other plants may not be able to live on Earth. 36 weather and temperature changes, many animals could die.

　　Whenever you use electricity, you help 37 greenhouse gases into the air. Turn off lights, the television, and the computer when you are 38 with them. Also, planting trees is fun and a great way to 39 greenhouse gases. 40 , don’t forget about recycling. They are several little things you can do to make a difference.

　　第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题，满分35分)

　　第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)

　　I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop in a neighboring town of Venice, Italy, the city of lights and water.

　　As we enjoyed our coffee, a young man wearing glasses entered and sat at an empty table beside us. He called the waiter and placed his order saying, “Two cups of coffee, one of them there on the wall.”

　　We heard this order with rather interest and found that he was served with one cup of coffee but he paid for two.

　　When he left, the waiter put a piece of paper on the wall saying “A Cup of Coffee”.

　　While we were still there, two other middle-aged men entered and ordered three cups of coffee, two on the table and one on the wall. They had two cups of coffee but paid for three and left. This time also, the waiter did the same. He put a piece of paper on the wall saying, “A Cup of Coffee”.

　　It was something unique and perplexing for us. We finished our coffee, paid the bill and left.

　　After a few days, we had a chance to go to this coffee shop again. While we were enjoying our coffee, a man poorly dressed entered. As he seated himself, he looked at the wall and said, “One cup of coffee from the wall.”

　　The waiter served coffee to this man with the customary(惯常的)respect. The man had his coffee and left without paying.

　　We were amazed to watch all this, as the waiter took off a piece of paper from the wall and threw it into the trash bin.

　　Now it was no surprise for us — the matter was very clear. The great respect for the needy shown by the inhabitants(居民) of this town made our eyes well up in tears.

　　41. Where did the writer meet his friend? 【细节理解题】

　　42. How many people did the writer see to pay for the coffee on the wall? 【细节理解题】

　　43. The underlined word “perplexing” in the passage probably means “________”. 【词义猜测题】

　　44. Which is true about the coffee on the wall? 【细节理解题】

　　A. The coffee was ready for the old men and children.

　　B. The man giving this cup of coffee wrote his name on the paper.

　　C. The cup of coffee was free for the needy.

　　D. Only the inhabitants of this town can drink the coffee.

　　45. In which column of the newspaper can we read the passage? 【推理判断题】

　　B

　　The ice bucket(桶) challenge---- “raising knowledge”of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症) ---- has spread among China’s famous persons from rich bosses to movie stars. By Friday, the activity had raised more than 8.5 million yuan for a charity organization. The organization only received two million yuan in the whole of 2013.

　　The activity, which asks people to either wet themselves with ice water or give money to the organization or both, has brought special attention to the disease. Zhang Haoyu, a worker of the organization, said that on Sina Weibo, he has many fans of the ice bucket challenge.

　　Some think that although the organization is raising a lot of money, there isn’t enough money to make any real difference, considering the high cost and long time to deal with the disease. Others think that the activity is only another chance for famous persons to show off.

　　Some farmers in Henan Province, which is experiencing a terrible dry weather, say that the ice bucket challenge is wasting lots of water, but the activity was later found to be helpful for people to make local tourist areas more popular.

　　In an age of Internet, activities can draw people’s attention and money, there may be plenty more such kinds of things in the future that do not bring much help to those who need help.

　　“We should not forget what the challenge was started for. Those patients need more money and care, but can an activity like this truly help them?” said netizen “bushizidefanshuzhe” on Sina Weibo.

　　46. How much had the activity raised by Friday? 【细节理解题】

　　47. There are ___________ way(s) for people to take part in the activity. 【推理判断题】

　　48. The third paragraph mainly tells us that _________________. 【主题大意题】

　　A. some people don’t agree to the activity

　　B. the disease costs too much money

　　C. the activity is held for famous persons

　　D. many people agree to the activity

　　49. What do the farmers think of the activity? 【细节理解题】

　　50. What’s bushizidefanshuzhe’s opinion about the ice bucket challenge? 【推理判断题】

　　A. The activity can really help the patients.

　　B. We can’t pay attention to the patients.

　　C. The activity can’t raise enough money.

　　D. We should pay attention to the patients.

　　C

　　How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! On a clear night you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of sparkling stars.

　　You can see even more with a telescope. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that others. You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue. With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. And you can see those objects in more and more detail.

　　But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won’t see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year.

　　That’s because they’re invisible. They’re the mysterious dead stars called black holes.

　　You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn’t seem to be getting old or weak. But when the gas runs out, the star stops burning and begins to die.

　　So the next time you stare up at the night sky, remember: there’s more in the sky that meets the eye! Scattered in the silent darkness are black holes---- the great mystery of space.

　　51. On a clear night we might see things EXCEPT_______________. 【推理判断题】

　　52. How can we see even more in the sky? 【细节理解题】

　　53. When a star’s gases___________, the star begins to die. 【细节理解题】

　　54. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? 【推理判断题】

　　A. We might see that many stars look larger than others.

　　B. We might see that some stars that look white are really red and blue.

　　C. We can see those objects in more and more detail.

　　D. The Sun certainly seems to be getting old or weak.

　　55. What’s the best title for the passage? 【主旨大意题】

　　第二节 从文章后面的方框中选出恰当的句子并将其标号填入文中空缺处，使短文连贯完整。其中有两项多余。(共5小题, 每小题1分, 满分5分)

　　A teenager boy couldn’t stand his parents’ family rules, so he left home.

　　He wanted to be famous, but he had a poor education. 56

　　Years later, his mother died. Though his father was old, he was still looking for his son.

　　57 Everywhere he went, he put up a big photo of himself on the wall. At the lower part of the photo he wrote: “I still love you, my dearest son. Please come back home!”

　　One day, the son saw one of the photos on the wall. The face on the photo was familiar to him. “Is that my father?” He moved closer and read the words: “I still love you” 58 He made up his mind to go back to see his parents.

　　It was early morning when he got home. 59 Nobody answered while the door began to open. He rushed to his father’s bedroom. His father was sleeping. 60

　　“It’s me! Your son is back home!” The father and the son held each other, full of happy tears in their eyes. The son asked: “Why is the door unlocked? A thief could get in.” The father answered in a soft voice: “The door has never been locked since you left.”

　　The door of parents’ love of their children will never be closed.

　　A. The boy woke his father up.

　　B. So he led a happy life.

　　C. He knocked on the door.

　　D. Tears ran down his face.

　　E. Everybody knew who he was.

　　F. He had been to every corner of the city.

　　G. He didn’t find a job, and he had to beg for food on the street for a living.

　　第Ⅱ卷

　　注意：将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。

　　第四部分 写作(共三节，满分35分)

　　第一节 词语填空(共10小题,每小题1分，满分10分)

　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯(每个单词限用一次，每个格子只能填一个单词)。

　　The Oxford English Dictionary is thinking of adding the Chinese word tuhao in its 2014 edition. The word has become popular in China 61 the past few months. It’s usually used to describe newly rich people who have the habit of using or 62 too much. Tuhao has caught on in Western countries, too, to describe similar people in 63 countries.

　　The adoption (采用) of the word by foreign countries is an example of China’s spreading influence in the world not just economically (经济地), 64 also socially and culturally. People are paying attention to what is happening in China and are 65 up some Chinese words in the process, especially those words that express unique Chinese ideas that cannot be 66 translated into English.

　　The Oxford English Dictionary is also thinking of adding dama to the 67 120 Chinese words in its dictionary. Dama refers to middle-aged Chinese women whose gold buying habits influence the global gold 68 .

　　The news that The Oxford English Dictionary was 69 these words has met with some criticism (批评). In fact, a word like tuhao expresses the humor of China. It’s easy to pronounce and very accurate (准确的) at making fun of rich people who have more money than taste.

　　So, welcome to the 70 language, tuhao —let’s be friends!

　　第二节 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

　　根据下列句子及所给的首字母，写出各单词的完全形式(每空限填一词)。【部分句子选自《柯林斯英语词典》和书本】

　　71. Please don’t be a___________ with me. It wasn’t my fault.

　　72. September had come and leaves were starting to f_____________.

　　73. The Chinese clay pieces are carefully s____________ by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.

　　74. My private life is none of your b_____________.

　　75. I’ve got three days’ holiday i____________ New Year’s Day.

　　76. My father was in a v__________ that has many beautiful sights.

　　77. There are f__________ people at the art club, eighteen girls and twenty-two boys.

　　78. It is generally considered unwise to give a child w______________ he or she wants.

　　79. The dearer, the better. It’s not always right when you do some shopping. Sometimes maybe the more expensive, the w____________.

　　80. Do you learn English by watching English-language v__________ tapes?

　　第三节 书面表达(共1小题，满分15分)

　　孩子的成长和教育是社会热议的话题，现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等现象十分严重。请阅读下面的漫画，按要求用英文写一篇短文。

　　内容要求：

　　1.描述漫画内容; 2. 分析漫画所揭示的问题; 3. 提出你的看法。

　　注意：

　　1.短文开头已给出，不计入总词数;

　　2.考生可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、连贯;

　　3.词数80左右

　　4. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息。参考词汇: pave the way (铺路)，red carpet(红地毯)

　　From the picture, we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. _________________

【Possible Version】

From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The son, well dressed, waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet, sweating.

It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents. Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. As a consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.

Such a situation is of great concern. In my opinion, overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children's development. Instead of doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves. Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.

评分原则：

1. 按5个档次给分。中档属第三档(9分一7分）。 

2. 按学生所写内容和所用语言确定档次（内容分和语言分各占一半）。

3. 总词数不足80个可在本题总得分中扣去1分；如书写整齐美观，可在本题总得分中加1分。

4. 本题有一定的开放性，所以只要言之有理，就应给分。